Por uma arqueologia da plantação subjetiva: fugas pós-estruturalistas da antropologia ecológica contemporânea

Abstract

This dissertation investigates theoretical and methodological possibilities for contemporary anthropological analyses of subjectivation processes in colonial contexts. Paying attention to the epistemic renewal movement currently manifest in a certain ecological anthropology, poststructuralist thinking is invoked on a search for methodological lines of flight that allow the departure from modern paradigms of knowledge linked to the colonial power regime. The archeology of discourse, formulated by Michel Foucault and developed by Gilles Deleuze, is operated as a critique of empiricism and the individualization of the subject, epistemic assumptions that underlie the hegemonic anthropological methodology, fieldwork. Then, in the works of Anna Tsing and Donna Haraway are observed descriptions that relate the contemporary ecological crisis to colonial, capitalist and anthropocentric power-knowledge regimes, listing the colonial agricultural plantation as the paradigmatic landscape project of the extraction and exhaustion of ways of life. This formulation is compared to Félix Guattari‘s micropolitical theories on capitalistic subjective ecology, allowing the consideration that processes of exploration and expropriation operate in subjective landscapes as well as in social and environmental landscapes. This set of theoretical-methodological investigations is illustrated by historical considerations on modern christian missions in african territory, examining them as producers, in the subjective ecology, of diagrams of power equivalent to those of the colonial agricultural plantation.