Análise do desempenho térmico de um sistema de telhado verde e seu potencial de mitigação de ilhas de calor urbano em São Carlos - SP

Abstract

The increase in air temperature is one of the phenomena that can be noticed both in scientific data and through the thermal sensation. This has been occurring due to high environmental degradation, mainly caused by intense urbanization. The use of green roofs can contribute to combat the effects of air temperature inside and outside buildings, as well as to increase air humidity and reduce Urban Heat Islands, turning cities safer, more comfortable and sustainable. Thus, this research aimed to analyze the contribution of green roofs to the decrease in air and cover surface temperature. The experiment was realized at the city of São Carlos – SP, Brazil, through the measurement of the air in surface temperature in two platforms, one with exposed soil and another with peanut grass After this step, air temperature data were collected from the subsurface area and base area under both platforms. The results obtained for the platform with peanut grass showed a reduction of 5°C to 6°C in the subsurface area, and 1°C to 2°C in the base area, in comparison with the platform with exposed soil. For the period at night between 6 pm and 8 am, the platform with vegetation had a lower decrease of temperature, maintaining the heat. The period of the day between 8 am and 6 pm, this platform revealed a significant temperature reduction. For the simulation using the ENVI-met software, air temperature data was collected in a social housing area, which was modeled with conventional ceramic roofs and green roofs. The results brought a decrease in air temperature of up to 0.67°C at 3pm, for the area with green roofs. This can be considered a significant value when observed on a microclimatic scale, which demonstrates its mitigation potential of urban heat islands. In this way, it is possible to claim that the implementation of green roofs has positive results to reduce temperature in hot seasons and climates, as well as to maintain it in cases of colder seasons and climates.