Os conceitos de liberdade de Isaiah Berlin e a democracia

Abstract

This work presents the fundamental differences between Isaiah Berlin‟s positive and negative freedom. It also adds the analysis of other philosophers on the subject. The analysis evaluates the state-of-art on freedom of Berlin‟s work (Two concepts of freedom), seeking its relationship with democracy. In particular, it explores Berlin‟s work in relation to Karl Popper‟s work (The open society and its enemies), where it is noticed that both writers fear totalitarianism, but propose different ways to avoid it. Democracy and the electoral process in Brazil are explained in order to introduce the issue of freedom in which this process occurs, showing that, opposing to what liberal theories say, the Brazilian electoral process occurs inside a fake idea of negative freedom. In practice, this is an exercise of extreme positive freedom.