Desenvolvimento e validação de um instrumento de vinhetas sobre casos de aborto e estupro

Abstract

Legal abortion resulting from rape is legalized in Brazil. However there are several obstacles, such as ignorance of the legislation and moral judgments of professionals, which compromise the exercise of the victims' reproductive autonomy. This research aimed to develop and validate a vignette instrument that allows collecting data on attitudes, knowledge and opinions of health professionals in relation to cases of rape victims who became pregnant as a result of violence and wish to have an abortion. Thus, based on reports and studies on the subject, seven vignettes were created, which were evaluated by expert judges. Seven judges evaluated each item of the instrument based on the criteria of suitability to the target audience, relevance and clarity in language. The agreement analysis was performed based on the Content Validity Coefficient (CVC) of each item and total for each criterion. The evaluations per item were satisfactory, as well as the instrument as a whole in the aforementioned criteria (respectively: CVCa=0.95; CVCr=0.97; CVCl=0.90). Then, the instrument went through the pilot application phase, in which, due to problems with the platform used, only one answer was fully recorded. Even so, the answer was analyzed qualitatively, especially in relation to the understanding of the instrument. Both phases of instrument validation included a Bardin content analysis of the data, which were categorized according to their theme. From the qualitative analysis of both stages, it was possible to identify problems of comprehension indicated, which were later repaired. It is possible to conclude that the instrument presented acceptable psychometric qualities for the vignette instrument to fulfill its objective.