"Trocar a chavinha 'agora eu estou falando espanhol'": imaginários de professores brasileiros em formação sobre estruturas verbais do espanhol

Abstract

Starting from the comprehension that the subject in its relation with the world is invariably measured by imaginary projections, which affect the objects and individuals surrounding it, being those indispensable for the construction of what is known as reality. This research, from the Applied Linguistics field in interface with the Discourse Analysis, aims to discuss the presence of imaginaries – viewed as meaning networks that circulates through the subject’s speeches. They concern some verbal structures of the Spanish language, namely: simple and compound forms of the Past Perfect Indicative [trabajé / he trabajado], the cases –ra [trabajara] and –se [trabajase] from the Past Imperfect and Pluperfect Subjunctive the verbal diphthong and the periphrasis of the gerund and infinitive formed by [verbal lexemes + a + infinitive]. The aim is to verify the existence of determined images over the verbal forms mentioned on the part of some Spanish teachers in training from a university of the São Paulo state in Brazil. This investigation, with a qualitative approach, made use of a mixed methodology in regards to its data collection, for which an acceptability test was applied and whose quantitative results were taken as initial leads about the research question. The research was also based on a semi structured and recorded interview, which was later, transcribed and analyzed with the theoretical background from Discourse Analysis. The research instruments consider the discussion of this paper the discourse position of the linguistic identity, which the subject occupies when uttering and consequently making in his speech the resound of other speeches. Besides, performing in discourse the meanings of a “comforting place” sometimes associated to the use of more typologically different forms, and sometimes related to the use of more similar forms between Portuguese and Spanish. The elaboration meanings of “removal of the undesirable” as a way of preventing the “mistake” and the confusion. The last ones metonymized as portunhol; the production of images of [+ formality] and of [- formality]; the actualization of the idea of “Spanish as a language of diphthongs”. Besides, the glimpsing of a subject caught in a Discourse Formation that provides the preferred utterance by the similarity between the languages as way of not risking too much. While at the same time, it provides the preferred utterances through the most distinct structures in relation to the mother tongue as way of inscribing legitimately in the language of the other.