Avaliação do ciclo de vida da “Arena do Futuro”, construída segundo o Design para Desmontagem (dfd) para as Olimpíadas Rio 2016

Abstract

Among the existing methods for analyzing the environmental performance of buildings, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) aims to evaluate the environmental impacts resulting from civil construction, from the extraction of raw materials to the disposal of waste. The civil construction sector has a large share of responsibility for the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) responsible for the greenhouse effect. Due to the high rate of emissions by the sector, the future of construction tends to make choices that target environmental factors; thus, all ways of quantifying and evaluating them gain prominence in this environment. In this paper, a case study is conducted to quantify the environmental impacts of the Arena do Futuro, built for the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The project follows Circular Economy principles, as it is designed with the aim of dismantling the building and subsequently constructing four public schools in the West Zone of Rio. The LCA was performed using three tools to establish a level of reliability of the results. To this end, the project was recreated on a BIM platform and the information related to it was used as input for the chosen LCA tools (Tally, One Click LCA and Athena Impact Estimator). The research has two main objectives: to analyze the arena as a whole and to evaluate the impacts avoided by reusing materials in the construction of public schools. The results showed that, due to the impact avoided by reusing materials, the overall impact drops to 40% of what would be generated if these materials were disposed of in landfills or conventional end-of-life solutions (i.e., approximately 60% of the impacts are reduced by the solution adopted for the end of life).