Mastite bovina na pecuária: uma preocupação ambiental no Brasil

Abstract

There is a growing concern about microorganism resistance to chemical agents in the natural ecosystem. The spread of resistance genes through multifactorial mechanisms such as wastewater treatment plants, hospitals or agricultural waste. The management of agricultural livestock is the most hotspot of dissemination pathogenic strains for wild animals. Bovine mastitis is commonly the cause of infections that cause great damage to the dairy industry, affecting the quality of products, decreasing milk production, favoring early slaughter and increasing total expenses with medication and veterinary care on farms. The risk factors associated with mastitis are the drying process of treatment, absence of disinfection practices before and after milking, incorrect treatment with antimicrobial therapy and no-professional training of milkers. This study is a review about the main sources of dissemination of resistant and multidrug-resistant strains and aggravated environmental impasses in the rural environment, especially in dairy cattle production. In addition, it makes an alert list about the neglected use of antimicrobials in dairy production and the main threats to biodiversity by the spread of resistant strains in natural environments.