Uma revisão dos desenvolvimentos recentes na aplicação de pós-tratamentos ao digestato da digestão anaeróbia a partir de resíduos sólidos urbanos

Abstract

Anaerobic digestion is a consolidated process technology for managing waste, with a large number of publications on this topic, due to its ability to degrade organic solid waste and generate biogas as renewable energy. associated with problem of waste generation we also have the emission of greenhouse gases, in which the Methane gas is the second most abundant man-made greenhouse gas, and today the third largest source of emission of this gas are the dumps, mainly of solid waste urban. With the increasing evolution of anaerobic digestion in waste treatment, the disposal and utilization of biogas waste (i.e. digestate) becomes a problem prominent. To elucidate research and developments related to digestate treatment, This work aims to present the current research scenario in the world facing the post-treatments of digestate from the anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste and its possible applications as a valuable product. In addition, understanding the main aspects and steps involved in the processes and possibility of use in Brazil. The platform of Web of Science was used to select articles. 1632 publications were found in the period from 2002 to 2022. The results indicated that the year 2021 had the highest number of publications, with 313 articles and Italy and China were the countries that published the most, with 268 and 262 publications respectively. Among the articles selected as the most relevant, the The most observed objective was the evaluation of post-treatments of the digestate for use as fertilizer and other valuable products, and among them the treatments most applied to digestate were filtration and centrifugation for the raw digestate, composting for the solid fraction of digestate, with 38% of the works selected as relevant, and the filtration treatments by membrane and ammonia stripping for liquid fraction of digestate with 12 and 11 publications respectively. It was possible to conclude that an integrated approach to energy production and waste recovery can be used, in which various value-added compounds can be extracted during and after the anaerobic digestion process, arriving at the concept of circular production.