História da psicopedagogia e a atuação do psicopedagogo no Brasil: uma pesquisa bibliográfica

Abstract

This final paper sought to understand psychopedagogy as an area of ​​professional practice in Brazil. Through a bibliographic search in scientific databases (CAPES, SciELO and Google Scholar), a survey was conducted on the history of the establishment of this science, as well as on the role of psychopedagogues in everyday school life. The results show that psychopedagogy originated in Europe in the 19th century and arrived in Brazil mainly influenced by Argentina. Over the years, Brazilian psychopedagogy began to consider, in addition to organic factors, cultural, institutional and socioeconomic elements in the understanding of learning difficulties, expanding its practice beyond the prevention of school failure and seeking to optimize the teaching and learning processes in an integrated manner. We also found that psychopedagogical practice is divided into two main fields: clinical, focused on the recovery of children with difficulties; and institutional, focused on prevention. In addition, the area has expanded to health and the business sector. The training of psychopedagogues in Brazil began between the 1950s and 1970s, with the emergence of specialized courses and the creation of the Brazilian Association of Psychopedagogy (ABPp) in 1980. The regulation of the profession occurred more recently with PL 1.675/2023, which recognizes both undergraduate courses and specializations in Psychopedagogy. The study concluded that there is an urgent need for integrated public policies, continuous training of psychopedagogues and greater awareness among education professionals to improve the quality of services provided, ensuring an inclusive education adapted to the needs of students with learning difficulties.