Processo de regularização e aquisição do título definitivo da terra em assentamento de reforma agrária

Abstract

This paper examines the process of land regularization and the acquisition of definitive land title within the scope of Agrarian Reform in Brazil, emphasizing its historical, legal and institutional foundations. The research, of a qualitative nature, is based on a bibliographic and documentary review, with the objective of analyzing the stages that make up the settlement policy, as well as the challenges faced by the beneficiary families from the initial occupation to the titling of the lot. The investigation shows that the Brazilian land structure remains marked by the historical concentration of land, and that the consolidation of settlements depends on complex procedures, such as georeferencing, cadastral updating and compliance with the normative requirements of the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA). The results indicate that the titling represents a fundamental milestone for the guarantee of legal certainty, for the strengthening of family farming and for access to public policies essential to rural development. In addition, it is highlighted that the path to the definitive title is permeated by administrative obstacles, structural limitations and historical inequalities, which reaffirms the need for continuous improvement of public policies for Agrarian Reform in the country.