Análise do setor metalúrgico de capital aberto no Brasil: indicadores de crescimento, empregabilidade e sustentabilidade

Abstract

The study of growth, employability, and sustainability indicators allows for predicting the activity levels of these companies over the next five years. Analyzing the sector's growth indicators is essential to understanding the economic dynamics, financial health of the companies, and their expansion prospects. Beyond financial aspects, sector analysis must also consider employability and sustainability. Thus, the general objective of this study was to analyze the publicly traded metallurgical sector in Brazil, focusing on four companies: Gerdau, Vale, Usiminas, and Aura Minerals. Additionally, it aimed to evaluate these companies' growth, employability, and sustainability indicators, understanding how they contribute to the country's socioeconomic and environmental development, as well as identifying the presence of engineers in their operations and the correlation between the improvement of indicators and the total number of active engineers, with analyses over a ten-year period. For the development of this study, reports and data from investment-specialized companies were used, as well as interviews with human resources departments and sustainability reports. Quantitative and qualitative forecasting methods were applied to identify trends and possible future scenarios, following best practices recommended by PwC (PricewaterhouseCoopers International Limited). The results indicated that all the companies studied showed consistent growth, with an average increase of 4.75% in gross revenue. Projections for the next five years suggest a continued increase in investments in sustainable technologies and energy efficiency, resulting in an average reduction of 3.7% in CO2 emissions, as well as a 1.3% average reduction in energy consumption. The employability analysis indicated an average increase of 16% in the number of direct jobs in the sector, with engineers comprising 5% of the total workforce, directly correlating with improvements in efficiency and sustainability indicators.