Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2006-02-17"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 5 de 5

Estratégias pedagógicas inclusivas para crianças com paralisia cerebral na educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-17) Gonçalves, Aline Kelly Scalco; Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
The school inclusion of students with special educational needs, understood not only as the legal guarantee of the right of attending school but also the permanence and success in the process of education of those students in an ordinary classroom of a regular school, is still an aim which is very distant from the reality of our schools. The educational systems, schools and teachers still face a lot of difficulties in providing the necessary resources in order to guarantee a successful process of school inclusion. One of the difficulties has been the lack of knowledge of the teachers about what they could do to increase participation, ensure access to the curriculum (syllabus) and favor the integration and acceptance of the students with special educational needs in the group. The present study had as its objective to describe and analyze how the process of inclusion of children with Brain Paralysis in Child Education, focusing specifically the pedagogical strategies which are being used to fulfill the needs of those children as to ensure the access and permanence as well as their participation in the activities proposed in classroom. Three teachers of the municipal Elementary School system of Sao Carlos and three children who have Brain Paralysis participated on this study. The study, of qualitative nature, based on ethnographic referential, has involved an outline in three phases. In the first phase, named as preliminary, the ethical procedures which rule the research with human beings have been conducted. In the second phase, the observation and registration of the pedagogical strategies have started, which was carried out in XXX sessions of natural observation of the classroom, registered in a specific protocol and in notes on a field journal. In the third and last phase, it has been carried out the investigation on the perception of the teachers about their own strategies and about the viability of the strategies mentioned in the literature, through individual interview sessions with the three teachers. The data on the observations and interview were interpreted and discussed in the form of reports of the three cases involving each one of the duo teacher-student. Overall, the results have shown that the responses which schools have been giving to the educational needs of children with brain paralysis still seem to be minimal. The most viable possibility seems to be the implementation of diversified teaching strategies, which, however, still depend much more on the good will and competence of the teacher of the regular class. We have also noticed that there is not agreement between what the teachers say they do and what has been observed in their practice as for the pedagogical strategies used with children with brain paralysis; and they do not seem to know how the teaching can be differentiated in order to fulfill their student s needs. There is in general an idea that equality is a principle to be followed. The discussion points to ways to reach improvement on the teaching conditions as to favor the education of this population in inclusive environments.
Nanocompósitos à base de MG: processamento, estrutura e propriedades de novos materiais para armazenagem de hidrogênio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-17) Leiva, Daniel Rodrigo; Ishikawa, Tomaz Toshimi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5726055117451807; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6576844591900987
Magnesium is light, abundant and it can store up to 7.6 wt. % of hydrogen forming the hydride MgH2 and therefore it is a promising material for hydrogen storage. However, the H-sorption occurs at relatively high temperatures with slow kinetics. Beside this, Mg and MgH2 surfaces are highly reactive, easily forming oxide or hydroxide layers that lower the level of storage properties. Mg-based nanocomposites have been studied in the last few years to overcome these limitations. The grain size reduction of Mg or MgH2 to the nanometric scale and the addition of catalysts as transition metals or its hydrides can promote fast kinetics at lower temperatures. The formation of a fluorinated layer on Mg surface enhances its stability in the sorption cycles avoiding the usual contamination with oxygen. Reactive milling under H2 atmosphere is one of the processing routes that has been recently investigated for the preparation of Mg-based nanocomposites, and promising results have been obtained. In the present work, the effects of different nanocrystalline additives (MgF2, Fe, NbH0,89, FeF3, VF3) into Mg processed by reactive milling were studied. The aspects analysed in this work were the influence of the additives in MgH2 synthesis during milling and in the desorption behavior. A combined catalytic effect was observed due to the MgF2 and Fe (or NbH0,89) action in MgH2 synthesis during processing. The transition metal fluorides also promote MgH2 synthesis. A fluorine transfer reaction occurs from the fluoride to Mg, generating MgF2 and transition metal (or its hydride) nanoparticles in the mixture. An important catalytic effect of Fe during H-desorption of MgH2 was also observed.
Efeitos de três programas de fisioterapia respiratória em portadores de DPOC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-17) Kunikoshita, Luciana Noemi; Jamami, Maurício; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4274129560250050
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of three respiratory physiotherapy programs constituted by physical training (PT) on a treadmill and/or respiratory muscle training (RMT) on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength (RMS), quality of life (QL), exercise capacity, ventilatory and metabolic variables and dyspnea at rest and during exercise, in patients with COPD, as well as to compare them to subjects of the same age and who have no respiratory disease. Twenty-five patients (68.8±8.3 years old) of both sexes, with moderate-to-severe COPD (FEV1<60% predicted), and ten volunteers who have no respiratory disease of both sexes (67.2±7.4 years old) participated of this study. The patients with COPD were randomized into three groups: the first group (RMTG) underwent 20 minutes sessions of RMT at a resistive load corresponding to 30% of the MIP obtained each week; the second group (PTG) underwent 30 minutes sessions of PT at a work rate corresponding to 70% of the highest heart rate achieved in the symptom-limited cardiorespiratory exercise testing (CRET); and the third group (RMT+PTG) associated 10 minutes of RMT to 15 minutes of PT with the same intensities previously mentioned. All of the programs were constituted by three sessions per week during six consecutive weeks. After treatment, it was observed significant increase of MIP and MEP in RMTG; significant increase of walk distance (WD) in the CRET, decreases of HR and minute ventilation at the same velocity in the CRET after treatment and improvement in the physical capacity domain in the QL questionnaire Short Form 36 (QLQ-SF36) in PTG; and significant increase of MIP, WD in the CRET, decrease of systolic arterial pressure and of blood lactate and improvement of total score of QLQ-SF36 in RMT+PTG. Those findings suggest that the PT associated with RMT seems to be the best alternative among the programs investigated in the present study because as well as providing an evident improvement of exercise capacity and of QL in the patients, it provided an additional effect in the physiological adaptation with better effectiveness in the clearance and/or less production of blood lactate during exercise.
Efeitos de um programa de treinamento físico em mulheres asmáticas.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-17) Silva, Tatiane Lopes Patrocinio da; Costa, Dirceu; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7541914413496897; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6252547091250301
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the lower and upper limb physical training (LLPT), arms muscle training (AMT) associated with and of the respiratory reeducation functional techniques (RFR) on asthmatic patients. The cardiopulmonary function was evaluated before and after the physical training. It was analyzed the Maximal and Submaximal cardiopulmonary test (CPT), the Heart Rate (HR), the dyspnea sensation, ventilatory and metabolic variables, the distance walked in 6 minutes, the variables of the spirometry, the respiratory muscle strength (RMS), though the maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax) and maximum expiratory pressures (PEmax), and the toracoabdominal cirtometry. Moreover it was objectified to evaluate the methods of determination of the anaerobic threshold (AT), from the ergoespirometry and lactacidemy. Nine asthmatic patients (GA) and 9 health individuals (GC) were evaluated. The asthmatic patients constituted the treated group and performed the training (PT + AMT +RFR), three times per week, during 12 weeks. The health subjects constituted the control group. The initial evaluation was consisted of an anamnesis, a physical examination, a maximal and submaximal CPT, a Spirometry and a 6WD test. Moreover, they had been submitted still to the measure of toraco-abdominal cirtometry (in the levels axillary, xifoidiano and abdominal), of the PImáx the PEmáx the Blood Pressure (HR and the Saturation of oxygen (SpO2). In the end of the training the patients were reevaluated. The individuals of the GC were submitted to the same evaluation. It was observed a significant reduction in the the values found in the RMS, spirometry, 6WD test, tolerance to exercise and peripheral muscle force (Mann-Whitney) in treated subjects when compared with health subjects. Already the treat groups had presented significant increases of the daily pay for the one after treatment in the values of PImáx and PEmáx, covered distance on 6WD. Moreover, it was observed an in increase in the HR peak, VE, VO2 peak, VCO2 peak, metabolic and ventilatory AT, speed peak, covered distance and in peripheral muscle force. It can be conclude, that the predict equation proposed to evaluate the respiratory muscle strength and covered distance on 6WD test was adequate to provided values of reference for such testes on the volunteers of this study. The 6WD test on treadmill did not differ from the 6WD on corridor and it can be an alternative on the evaluation of asthmatic individuals. The AT determinate by invasive and non-invasive methodology was similar. The association of the AMT, PT and the RFR provided an improvement in the physiological variables analyzed and can promote profits of the cardiorrespiratory performance in asthmatic patients.
Avaliação de professores sobre o repertório social e acadêmico de alunos com deficiência mental incluídos no ensino regular.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-17) Rosin-Pinola, Andréa Regina; Del Prette, Zilda Aparecida Pereira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8113238388739093
The school inclusion of pupils with specials educational needs at the regular teaching have been the proposal guide and dominant especial education at the Brazil on last years. With this proposal beginning studies and programs of intervention, that to have in view to evaluate and get better the conditions to your implementation. Studies suggest that with mental deficiency has presented to big difficulties of inclusion. On the attempt to avalue such difficulties and how the deficits in social skills constitute one of the criterion of diagnostic of mental deficiency, its more important identifies to get promote your superation. This study has like purpose: (1) identify the social repertory (socials skills and problems of behavior) and academic skills of children with mental deficiency include, compare with the children of low and high academic performance and normative sample; (2) identify social skills important for school; (3) identify the resources and deficits of social skills with the pupils with mental deficiency include compare with others childrens; (4) check possible relation between social skills, behavior problems, academic performance and intelligence and (5) analyze possible effects of social demographics variables on the social skills and behavior problems the children with mental retardation. To share of this study 30 teachers of children with mental deficiency including in regular schools (publics and privates) of a city in side in state of São Paulo. The teachers evaluating that and others pupils that, conform your indications to get two groups, low academic performance and high academic performance. The teachers evaluating the pupils using the Social Skills Rating Systems (Gresham & Elliott, 1990). The childrens they were also availed by means o Raven-Color Matrix. He answers was computed and analyses with statistic descriptive still evaluating the differences between groups (ANOVA and Test T-Student). The dates indicate that the groups the lower performance and mental deficiency difference the groups de higher performance and normative sample in all factors of social skills, behavior problems and academic performance e difference between it self only in the factors of assertion and self defense. Was check effects the social economic level and the intelligence in variables dependents.