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Influência do tamanho e rigidez dos objetos no alcance manual de crianças saudáveis de 6 a 36 meses de vida
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-03) Silva, Fernanda Pereira dos Santos; Tudella, Eloisa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5480471313598961
Studies have been identified both changes in the body and in the environment induce adjustments on the reaching, however few studies verified the influence of the size and rigidity of objects longitudinally in the period of 6 to 36 months, mainly employing the kinematic analysis and qualitative analysis of movements. Thus, two studies were conducted major (Studies 2 and 3) and a complementary study (Study 1). The aim of the Study 1 was to testing whether Dvideow system is a sensitive, objective and reliable instrument in the kinematic analysis of infant s reaching movement in the period of 4 to 6 months. Based on the positive results of this study has been the use of the system for analysis Dvideow kinematics of the reaching movement into Study 2. The aim of Study 2 was to verify the influence of the size and rigidity of the objects in the reach of children at 6, 7, 8 and 36 months. According to the results of this study are realized the importance of also qualitatively analyze the reaching movements, being carried out the Study 3. The aim of Study 3 was to analyze the influence of the size and rigidity of objects in proximal and distal adjustments of reach in the period of 6 to 36 months. Thus, nine healthy infants were positioned in a infant chair with 50° horizontal. Four objects were presented, a large rigid, a small rigid, a large and a small soft for a period of 1 minute each. The movements were filmed by three digital cameras. It was found that reaching from 6 to 36 months is characterized by changes both in cinematic and qualitative variables, which modify when necessary according to the most discrepance properties of the objects presented. It is suggested that this is a period of refinement of reach manual, in which the motor system continuous adjustments are made according to age (physical growth, improvement in postural control, differences in the perception of the objects in each age), the experience and environment, which in turn, can only promote changes in the parameters of the control needed to carry out the task
Análise sistêmica da fotossíntese de cultivares de Coffea arabica L. em condições de campo e de laboratório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-03) Bortolin, Livia Haik Guedes de Camargo; Prado, Carlos Henrique Britto de Assis; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7561749470600567; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8604778537538094
On the first chapter, photosyntehsis network global connectance analysis (Cg) and principal components analysis (PCA) indicate, respectively, that decrease on net photosynthesis (PN) was accompanied by reduced autonomy in relation to environment and reduced variation of answers of all physiological network variables in clear day. High synchronization among physiological and meteorological parameters (reduced autonomy of cultivars in relation to environment) on clear day was considered the main cause of PN drop. This causal relationship was highlighted by results from PCA pointing out simultaneously: 1 - a clear contrast among physiological and meteorological vectors, 2 - reduced physiological variation of grafted and non-grafted individuals on clear day, and 3 - distribution of symbols representing clear and cloudy days close to meteorological and physiological vectors, respectively. Therefore, autonomy was strong parameter of stress condition of Coffea arabica on clear and cloudy days under field conditions in growing season. On the second chapter, young plants of C. arabica cultivars presented higher net carbon assimilation and quantum efficiency when treated for 14 hours at 17-23ºC (reduced temperatures) than when treated for 14 hours at 26-32ºC (elevated temperatures). At 17-23ºC, electron transport rate was not excessive, negative components of photosynthetic process are reduced, and biochemical and photochemical processes of photosynthesis are in equilibrium. The principal component analyses (PCA) showed that at reduced temperatures (17-23ºC) there was similar physiological behavior among cultivars. On the other hand, at elevated temperatures (26-32ºC), the cultivars displayed broader physiological variation and strong inhibition of photosynthesis at leaf temperature of 32ºC. On this extreme temperature it was brought about a decrease of carboxylation efficiency and an increase of mesophyll limitation of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis network of C. arabica was tightly adjusted at elevated temperatures (Cg values higher than at reduced temperatures). Network analysis and PCA in C. arabica were appropriate tools to discriminate the impact of stressing temperatures and the kind of responses of each cultivar under changing environment.
Estudo das concepções de professores da área de ciências naturais sobre as interações entre ciência, tecnologia e sociedade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-03) Miranda, Elisangela Matias; Freitas, Denise de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2093003152737149
The current study is intended to investigate the conceptions of a group of Science (elementary) and Biology (high school) teachers who work in public schools (municipal and state) in the city of São Carlos about the Science, Technology and Society (STS) interactions. The relevance of this study lies on the fact that in the present world Science and Technology, with their developments and influences in the human, social, cultural and economical dimensions, have turned to be objects of debates regarding their potentialities, natures and limits, due to many factors, including their impacts on the well-being of society. So, it s considered that the understanding of the nature of science and STS interactions by both the teachers and the students is one of the essential aspects of the scientific literacy, indispensable to a critical and responsible evaluation of the scientific and technological policies. In this study, a qualitative approach has been used to interpret the data collected. The data was obtained by means of the application of, the VOSTS (Views on Science-Technology-Society) questionnaire to a group of elementary and high school Natural Science teachers. They were also submitted to a semi-structured interview with questions based on the VOSTS. The VOSTS questionnaire was applied in an abridged and adapted version. The answers of this version were categorized as realist, plausible and simplistic by Human, Natural and Exact Sciences researchers/professors. The results also show that the participating teachers of this study have some misconceptions about the STS interactions, including these ones: Technology is Science application; Science is a group of information; experiments and observations; Science is a technique for practical problem solving; Science is indefinable; every technological knowledge constitutes itself a single scientific discovery.
A constituição dos conceitos de ego e objeto na metapsicologia freudiana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-03) Bomfim, Thiago Henrique; Simanke, Richard Theisen; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5431145327759147; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6275069294405865
The prospect of submitting the concepts of ego and object to an investigation capable of detecting its conditions of possibility, its guiding principles and its methods, becomes an important tool for elucidating the Freudian analysis of subjectivity. Therefore, this dissertation aims at providing the necessary conceptual fundaments for a more critical and cohesive view of these concepts and analyzing the way we can find some ambiguities throughout its metapsychological construction. Regarding the concept of ego, we addressed its theoretical importance in initial construction of Freud s theory of defense, passing on to its partial ostracism and return , respectively in The interpretation of dreams and in the first papers on the theory of narcissism, and eventually to the topical reformulation which took place in The ego and the id, published in 1923, and the final Freud´s papers. In turn, the concept of object is central in the Freudian theory of sexuality, since Three essays on the theory of sexuality (1905), paper in which the concept of drive [Trieb] is introduced, and from whose fundaments all ulterior metapsychological developments set out. Considering the relations established with key-notions of metapsychology, and the critical presentation of the guiding elements from which one can apprehend the constitution of the concepts of ego and object in Freudian theory, we can conclude that both are important pillars that support the psychoanalytical knowledge and it is possible to examine relevant theoretical impasses in his metapsychology.
Efeitos do treinamento isocinético excêntrico do joelho em indivíduos sadios e após reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-03) Santos, Heleodório Honorato dos; Salvini, Tânia de Fátima; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5237910990928802
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