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Análise e zoneamento ambiental da área de proteção ambiental dos rios Ligeirinho e Leãozinho (Erechim, RS)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-13)
Decian, Vanderlei Secretti
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Santos, José Eduardo dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8533387365058570
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0892952958256844
It was accomplished the analysis and environmental zoning of Ligeirinho and Leãozinho Environmental Protection Area, municipal district of Erechim, RS, with the objective of the environmental quality and ecological sustainability diagnosis. The Environmental Protection Area was submitted to the "Green Revolution process, during the decade of 1970, when the agriculture starts to alter the products, the sources of energy and the instruments used in the production, intensifying the crisis of the natural resources quality. Information related to Hydrography, Clinography, Soils Classes, Environmental Legislation (Law 4.771/65-BR) and Environmental Zoning (Law 4297/2002-BR) were used for the environmental analysis. With base in GIS techniques, as support to the information crossing and landscape synthesis, a proposal of Environmental Zoning was elaborated with the definition of five zones: Zone of Sustainable Use (44.89%); Zone of Diversified Use including areas of Pasture/Agriculture (26.15%), Pastures (1.17%), and Fruit Culture (0.30%); Zone of Permanent Preservation (7.49%); Zone of Restoration (7.36%), and Zone of Conservation (12.63%). The Environmental Protection Area area is quite heterogeneous with relationship to the land uses, with wide prevalence of the agricultural activities (74.70% in 2003 and 73.70% in 2010); the Permanent Preservation Areas evidence recovery of the index covering for native vegetation (41.17% in 2003, and 50.45% in 2010), reflecting the intensification of the environmental control in relation to the hydric resource. The environmental zoning is proposed to order the use of APA Rivers Ligeirinho e and Leãozinho, which will ensure the environmental quality of natural resources in order to ensure the improvement and maintenance on water availability, fulfilling the role and objectives that a Conservation Area for Sustainable Use should play.
Procedimento de picking em um centro de distribuição utilizando princípios lean
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-13)
Gontijo, Layla de Barros Lima Marques
;
Politano, Paulo Rogério
The companies included in a globalized environment, so as to ensure their competitiveness and profitability, are seeking to implement operational excellence programs that aim at customer satisfaction (service level achieved at a fair price) and its employees. The lean philosophy has been pervasive in all sectors, and in the entire chain of value stream, as a means of getting to win this excellence and differentiate themselves in the international market. The distribution centers, and specifically the activity of picking, present themselves as a key point in this chain when considering improvements, since depending on the type of distribution center, the cost of labor associated with picking coul be significative. Coupled with the cost, the time of this activity substantially affects the cycle time of application, ie, the time between receiving a customer order and correct delivery of products. This study therefore aims to contribute to the understanding of the gains that can be obtained with the use of tools and concepts of "Lean thinking" implemented in picking procedure in a distribution center. To this are presented two proposals to do the picking process. The proposals built based on concepts of lean tools are simulated using the Simio, simulation software , and compared with the current process. The analysis of simulation results helped to find out what the procedure for picking has the best performance and satisfies customer requirements.
Representações sociais de jovens sobre trabalho: uma análise construída a partir da formação profissionalizante e da experiência de primeiro emprego
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-14)
Betetto, Mariana de Freitas
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Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0582047286911582
The literature shows that the admission of young people in work force has positive and negative effects to his / her development. Given the current employment crisis and the legislation that foresees their inclusion in work as apprentices, it is important to analyze the social representations of young people whose admission in work force is mediated by preprofessional organizations, which should mediate the relationship between the apprentice and his first job experience, assuring him / her a temporary opportunity of qualification and labor. The goal of the research was to understand the social representations of the job among young people from 14 to 18 years old inserted as apprentices in a health insurance company located inwards Sao Paulo state. It was used the theoretical-methodological reference of the Social Representations Theory aiming to analyze how the social, historical and organizational effects of this type of insertion contributes to creating perceptions in youth about the job reality. It's about a case study involving the pre-professional entity, the health insurance company and the participation of 10 young apprentices from 16 to 17 years old, all students of High School in public schools of the city where the institutions that participates of the research are located. The social representations were collected by individual and group interviews, participant observation and bibliographic and documentary investigation. The data were analyzed by the construction of analytical categories a posteriori, that come from exhaustive and repeated readings of the results of interviews and records of field observations. Regarding the preprofessional organization, it was found that the type of qualification offered is disciplining and meets the capacity of the standard worker who is obedient and little flexible. The triangulation of information identified that young people represent the work ambiguously, showing positive and negative effects. The apprentices consider youth a period of preparation for work and very important for the professional future. The main advantages of the work pointed by them were: the provision for himself and family, the possibility of social mobility, the social contribution of labor (helping people), acquisition of responsibility and experience, support for school (guides the career choice), professional skills acquisition. Young people also showed the negative face of the job pointing, mainly, the lack of time to perform other activities such as study, leisure, living with relatives, among others. It was concluded that, from the apprentices' point of view, the job contributes more positively than negatively to their professional and personal development.
Organização e funcionamento das salas de recursos multifuncionais em um município paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-14)
Milanesi, Josiane Beltrame
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Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7160183383586542
In the current national policy for special education from Brazilian Ministry of Educational (MEC) the so-called Multifunctional Resource Classes (SRMs) have been the main locus for the Specialized Educational Services (AEE) offer in the inclusive education perspective. According to official data, from 2005 to 2010, it were available 24,301 SRMs. From this amount 17,679 were for the municipal schools, 6,532 for the state schools, and the others for the federal educational system. This action included 83% of the brazilian cities and it was implemented in 43% of the public schools with enrollment of students belonging to the target audience of the Special Education in the regular system. However, because the complex and dynamic reality involving the educational systems, it is not always that the legal provisions can be implemented in practice. From this, we can ask: how are the systems organizing to comply with the legal provision about the implementation of the SRMs in terms of the operation of these classes, the professionals and the students evaluation? How are the professionals involved implementing and evaluating the SRMs services? This is an important empirical question if one consider that the policy of SRMs implementation is recent and requires the development of researches that can improve the possibilities of pedagogical actions with the students that demand specific interventions, mainly because we adopt the education as public and subjective right. Therefore, the aim of this study is to describe and analyze jointly with educational professionals the SRMs services from a medium-sized city in the São Paulo state, to understand how these professionals are being organized to achieve the legal provisions about the AEE implementation. To answer this question, this is a qualitative and collaborative research, which is, in a first step, a documentary study to feature the policy for special education and, in a second step, based in a cycle of 10 filmed meetings with teachers using the focal groups method; The study was accomplished in the public municipal system of education from the city of Rio Claro in the State of São Paulo covering 23 SRMs teachers and/or teachers of regular classes which had students served by SRMs. Furthermore, management professionals also participate of this study. The contents of the transcribed speeches were analyzed in a jointly work with the participants and resulted in three mainly axes of analysis. The data revealed that the city is trying to attend satisfactorily the current school inclusion policy. Nevertheless, to apply the normative indicated by MEC, many difficulties were encountered. Namely: the organization of the pedagogical work of the SRMs; the requirements for the formation of the specialized teacher and of the regular education; and about the evaluation (for identifying the student, for planning the lecturing and for measuring the learning progress of the student). The results obtained allow for asking if the multifunctional resource classes, as they have worked nowadays, offer adequate support to the schooling of the students with special educational needs in the regular schools.
Darstellungen nos Princípios da Mecânica e no Tractatus : a representação dos objetos e a figuração do mundo em Hertz e em Wittgenstein
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-15)
Silva, Eduardo Simões
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Cass, Mark Julian Richter
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6549114665097353
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4739161935290553
The aim of this thesis is based on the defense of the hypothesis that there are remarkable influences of the physicist Heinrich Hertz s thinking, especially his The Principles of Mechanics (1894), on the Wittgenstein s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1922). From a series of occasions in which Wittgenstein quotes Hertz, it was proposed here to ascertain what extent this could be sustained. Thus, we tried to display Hertz s thinking within a context in which he involves with the analysis and discussions of the mechanics that were previous to Hertz, proposing a kind of purification of these mechanics, presenting his own image. His intention was to present a unique image from which what he calls pseudo-concepts could be understood; that is, force and energy. From this image, it is argued here, Wittgenstein makes use of its substantial elements (material particle, material point and system) in order to construct his ontology as well as the Hertzian notion that we form facts to ourselves . Besides, with his notion of metaphorical network, he uses a Hertzian procedure to determine the operation of a mechanical system through coordinates about Wittgenstein, determining singularity and the non-priority of a scientific theory over the other. However, at no time it is said that Wittgenstein provided some kind of improvement regarding the mechanics of Hertz because it would suggest that both were dealing with the same subjects within the same scope which, obviously, did not occur and Wittgenstein was aware of that. What Wittgenstein does is a reapplication of the elements of the mechanics of Hertz, in a diverse scope, in order to provide his philosophy with determination, generality and formal independence. The importance of this thesis lies in demonstrating that the tribute of the first to the second is permissible.
Efeitos do ensino de contagem sobre a aquisição de comportamento conceitual numérico em crianças pré-escolares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-15)
Fioraneli, Rogério Crevelenti
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Carmo, João dos Santos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694
Abstract Although the studies regarding the role of counting in the acquisition of the numeric conceptual behavior has grown and developed in the past few decades, results available in the literature still show experimental and theoretical disagreements. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of training on oral counting in the acquisition of numeric conceptual behavior through the comparison to the performance of children who were not exposed to the training on counting. Participants consisted of eight children, between three and four years old, from a private elementary school in Araraquara city, Sao Paulo, Brazil. The battery of numeric tasks used for this purpose consisted of the following stimuli, all them ranging from 1 to 9: arabic digits (A); sets of pictures of objects and animals with a random spatial distribution (B); printed number-words (C), spoken numbers (D) and naming (E). Participants in both groups were submitted to the following initial tests: oral counting, identity matching (AA, BB, CC), symbolic relations (AB, AC, BA, CA, BC, CB), auditive-visual matching (DA, DB, DC) and naming (EA, EB, EC). Equivalence relations between numbers and quantities (AB, AC and DA) were trained on both groups, experimental (EG) and control (CG), and oral counting was taught to the EG only. Training on counting consisted of the following steps: verification, training and production of the numeric verbal sequence repertoire, and establishment of oneto- one correspondence between numbers and names of elements in a set. The emergence of the BA, BC, CA, CB, DB, DC, EA and EB relations was observed with the EG participants. By the other hand, subsequent tests of training on relations (same as the initial tests) showed the emergence of the BA, DB, DC, EA and EB relations with the CG. In general, EG participants presented better overall scores compared to the CG. The results presented herein point to oral counting as a facilitator for the numerical equivalence.
Estados parcialmente emaranhados em comunicação quântica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-16)
Gomes, Raphael Fortes Infante
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Rigolin, Gustavo Garcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5670956791297779
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5150160591123690
In this master s thesis we approach the entanglement between quantum states as a resource to be used in the transmission of quantum information, particularly in quantum teleportation. Our focus was directed toward the study of partially entangled quantum states, that is, states in which the entanglement degree is below the maximum value allowed by quantum mechanics, since they are more likely to be found in actual devices than maximally entangled states. We review the properties and concepts that characterize vectors and operators from the viewpoint of linear algebra to formally present the postulates of quantum mechanics. We introduced the notion of qubits and showed how these can be applied to computing tasks via quantum logic gates.We explained in details the main quantum teleportation protocols that originated the methods used in this work, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each one. We presented protocols with new arrangements and introduced techniques that have improved some of the known methods, providing for those alternatives relating to construction and architecture in the arrangement of the channels. We proved that the probability associated with a multiple teleportation of a single qubit through channels in series tends to the maximum limit for a special case. We showed that imperfect states can be corrected and that it is possible to transmit a single qubit or a pair of qubits using GHZ states and modification of Bell basis states. We discussed the relationship between the final success probability value and the bases and channels degree of entanglement for each method. We concluded the thesis with a general analysis of all protocols, highlighting the most efficient ones with arguments that include theoretical and practical viewpoints.
Distribuição COM-Poisson na análise de dados de experimentos de quimioprevenção do câncer em animais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-16)
Ribeiro, Angélica Maria Tortola
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Rodrigues, Josemar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4359114733394761
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6995280108075310
Experiments involving chemical induction of carcinogens in animals are common in the biological area. Interest in these experiments is, in general, evaluating the chemopreventive effect of a substance in the destruction of damaged cells. In this type of study, two variables of interest are the number of induced tumors and their development times. We explored the use of statistical model proposed by Kokoska (1987) for the analysis of experimental data of chemoprevention of cancer in animals. We flexibility the Kokoska s model, subsequently used by Freedman (1993), whereas for the variable number of tumors induced Conway-Maxwell Poisson (COM-Poisson) distribution. This distribution has demonstrated efficiency due to its great flexibility, when compared to other discrete distributions to accommodate problems related to sub-dispersion and super-dispersion often found in count data. The purpose of this paper is to adapt the theory of long-term destructive model (Rodrigues et al., 2011) for experiments chemoprevention of cancer in animals, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of cancer treatments. Unlike the proposed Rodrigues et al. (2011), we formulate a model for the variable number of detected malignant tumors per animal, assuming that the probability of detection is no longer constant, but dependent on the time step. This is an extremely important approach to cancer chemoprevention experiments, because it makes the analysis more realistic and accurate. We conducted a simulation study, in order to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed model and to verify the asymptotic properties of maximum likelihood estimators. We also analyze a real data set presented in the article by Freedman (1993), to demonstrate the efficiency of the COM-Poisson model compared to results obtained by him with the Poisson and Negative Binomial distributions.
Matrizes de reflexão com simetria 𝒰𝑞 [osp(2|2𝑚)(2)]
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-16)
Vieira, Ricardo Soares
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Santos, Antonio Lima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8463237728503334
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8265512739743253
In this thesis we present solutions of the graded boundary YANG-BAXTER equations for vertex models with 𝒰𝑞 [osp(2|2𝑚)(2)] symmethy.
Combinação de classificadores para inferência dos rejeitados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-16)
Rocha, Ricardo Ferreira da
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Louzada Neto, Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0994050156415890
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0676420269735630
In credit scoring problems, the interest is to associate to an element who request some kind of credit, a probability of default. However, traditional models uses samples biased because the data obtained from the tenderers has only clients who won a approval of a request for previous credit. In order to reduce the bias sample of these models, we use strategies to extract information about individuals rejected to be able to infer a response, good or bad payer. This is what we call the reject inference. With the use of these strategies, we also use the bagging technique (bootstrap aggregating), which consist in generate models based in some bootstrap samples of the training data in order to get a new predictor, when these models is combined. In this work we will discuss about some of the combination methods in the literature, especially the method of combination by logistic regression, although little used but with interesting results.We'll also discuss some strategies relating to reject inference. Analyses are given through a simulation study, in data sets generated and real data sets of public domain.
Recobrimentos ramificados entre superfícies e dessins d'enfants
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-19)
Panzarin, Karen Regina
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Vendrúscolo, Daniel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8602232587914830
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3082816481278839
Given closed connected surfaces X and Y, integers n > 0 and d > 2, and for i = 1,..., n partitions (dy)j=i,...,mi of d. The 5-tuple (X, Y, n, d, (dij)) is called the branch datum of a candidate branched covering. Many works discuss when a given branch datum can be realized by a branched covering / : X > Y of degree d, with n branching points and local degree in the pre-images of branching points given by dij. Hurwitz has established an algebraic equivalence to this geometric problem, this equivalence has been used to treat the subject. In this dissertation we define dessin d'enfant, a graph on the surface X, related to a branched covering and use this tool to obtain conditions for a given branch datum be exceptional (i.e. can not be realized). We also define an alternative and more explicit version for the definition of dessin d'enfant.
Contribuições de um programa a distância sobre educação inclusiva para o desenvolvimento profissional do professor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-19)
Silva, Ione Arsenio da
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Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1521816017700513
This study deals with a research proposal and intervention that aimed to: develop, implement and evaluate a distance teacher training program on Inclusive Education. To that, it started with the following research question: What are the limits and possibilities of a distance continuing training program in education by the Internet to teachers of the early years of elementary school? The basis of the investigation was continuing education program for teachers entitled "Diversity in school: reflecting on pedagogical practices in inclusive classrooms ", developed through Portal dos Professores - UFSCar MOODLE platform. The whole program was online and it was aimed at elementary school teachers who work in early years, live all over the country, and had signed up spontaneously in the Teachers' Portal. Our study is suitable for a methodological form of research that focuses on collaborative research between researchers and teachers, recognizing that teachers get the knowledge from their practices and they know that is very important to link this knowledge with the one produced in academic circles. Our investigation, therefore, contemplates the purposes of collaborative action from a model of research and intervention called constructive - collaborative. Taking the narrative as the main form of data collection, data from this research were obtained from 16 teachers who participated during five months of the training process. After this study, we consider that the use of distance learning (EaD) by Internet is an important and interesting training resource. However, in order to it be actually an efficient way of training, some factors should be seen as the issue of self-government and discipline for studies that are very required when there is the participation in a program of distance education by Internet. These are essential skills for the student to take advantage of the program. So, it s important that programs adopt tools that provide moments of interaction among the participants themselves and between them and the teacher or tutor. The number of students per tutor, or teacher is another aspect to be observed because it affects the quality of the course. If there is a large number of participants, it is difficult to the monitor analyzes and observes the participation and learning of all of them. Observed these aspects, we believe in distance education by internet as an effective means of training, first because it keeps people who live in different places and away from the training place closer to each other and the course can be done at any time they want. Second, the web offers resources that can break a formation based on the simple transmission of content and the idea of passive learning.
Habilidades sociais e de enfrentamento de estresse em cuidadoras que assistem idosas acamadas, com ou sem demência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-19)
Pinto, Francine Náthalie Ferraresi Rodrigues
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Barham, Elizabeth Joan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9926751005913223
According to the authors of a meta-analysis based on 127 studies reporting the effects of interventions conducted with caregivers of an elderly person with dementia, efforts to help these eldercare providers appear to have been largely ineffective in strengthening the caregivers and in reducing their sense of burden. However, improvements in the caregivers abilities to handle their eldercare involvements were not evaluated. As such, the objectives of this study included: (a) identify abilities that may be important for someone who cares for an elderly person who has dementia, focusing on the use of social skills (SS) and coping skills (CS), (b) investigate the relationships among SS and CS, and perceived burden and relationship quality, and (c) identify the caregivers unmet needs. Participants included 20 elder-caregiver dyads (women only); all the elders were bedridden and highly dependent. Their caregivers were in one of two situations: caregivers of bedridden elders with normal cognitive functioning (GL; n = 10), or caregivers of bedridden elders with dementia (GD; n = 10). During individual interviews conducted in their own home, the caregivers responded to a reduced version of the Social Skills Inventory, a reduced version of the Ways of Coping Checklist, the Family Needs Evaluation, the Caregiver Burden Interview, and the Dyadic Relationship Scale. The frequency with which the caregivers used different kinds of SS and CS was compared using Student s t-test for groups of items, and non-parametric tests for individual items. Pearson s bivariate correlation procedure was used to examine the relationships between the frequency with which the caregivers used SS and CS, and their perceptions of burden and of the quality of the relationship between themselves and their elderly relative. In addition, the number of caregivers in each context who expressed needs for assistance was compared using Chisquared analyses. It was observed that the caregivers in the GD and GL were highly similar with respect to the quality of the relationship between the caregiver and the elderly care recipient, but the GD caregivers reported higher levels of burden. With respect to their use of SS and CS, the caregivers in each context presented more similarities than differences, but there were a few differences between the two groups. A greater frequency of use of these skills was associated with lower levels of relationship conflict, and with lower levels of burden. In terms of their needs, a greater proportion of the GD than the GL caregivers indicated that they needed more assistance from others and greater access to community-based services. In sum, based on a comparison between female caregivers assisting bedridden elderly relatives who were either lucid or who had dementia, it was possible to detect certain differences that arise among those who care for an elderly relative with dementia, along with many similarities between these two contexts, which can guide the development and evaluation of new interventions.
A competitividade da produção de biodiesel no Brasil: uma análise comparativa de mamona, dendê e soja
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-20)
César, Aldara da Silva
;
Batalha, Mario Otávio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7269278746075136
The possibility of broadening raw material sources for biodiesel production benefits the Brazilian competitiveness. However, the present costs of biofuel production worldwide are not competitive enough if compared to mineral energy. Nowadays, to consider only issues related to the economic aspect, in order to justify the operation of a system, is a practice that has been questioned. The changes in the costumer s actions, production s standard and assessment of social and environmental aspects, by means of the society and the market, have led to an expansion of the dimensions of companies performance analysis and its production connected spaces. Therefore, this thesis proposes to analyze the competitiveness and the main governance structures in productive chains present in the biodiesel sector in Brazil, from three raw materials sources: castor, palm oil and soy. The present work reports the outcomes of a multi-case study, employing techniques of exploratory research literature and documents, and interviews with agents associated in the biodiesel sector. Three main governance structures are highlighted in this analysis: partial vertical integration with small farmers (for all raw materials concerned); the possibility of complete vertical integration of palm oil plantations to the mills; and finally, the purchase of soybeans via spot market. This research illustrates that the biodiesel production of castor bean is impracticable in Brazil in the short term, and it seems to be a future possibility of difficult viability. On the other hand, the palm oil seems to be a viable possibility in the medium-term. It could be possible to develop a chain based on palm oil, and consequently, encourage productive inclusion of small farmers in the North of the country. In contrast to the other resources exposed here, the soybeans revealed significant competitive advantages that have made it possible to fulfill - in quantity - not only the national demand, but also the requirements imposed by the legislation of the Social Fuel Seal and the legislation of the biofuel addition to diesel. The findings of the National Program for Production and Use of Biodiesel (PNPB), related to the productive inclusion of small farms, are still insubstantial, and the institutional environment becomes crucial to the inclusion of family farmers in the biodiesel sector.
Transformações na indústria sucroalcooleira brasileira no início do século XXI: das famílias aos acionistas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-21)
Mundo Neto, Martin
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Grün, Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6028266827740491
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8118489647547095
Over the last years, many companies have joined the Brazilian capital market. This movement would be said to have unfolded the institutional changes that occurred in Brazil during the last decade of the twentieth century, especially, the privatization process of a set of large Brazilian State-owned enterprises, the new law of public corporations and the new rules adopted in the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange Market. Concomitantly, the Brazilian sugarcane industry has undergone several transformations. If until the decade of 1990, the hegemony was characterized by national groups under the control of traditional families, the intensification of the mergers and acquisitions operations with a significant participation of international investors has, however, modified this space. The empirical data point out the capital concentration in the industry, notably by means of mergers and acquisitions as well as the business restructuring anchored on the notion of shareholder value and corporate governance. This process could also be understood as part of the financialization process which has been diffused in the Brazilian society. Here, our focus will be highlighted on the participation of the representatives from the risk-capital industry, notably the BNDES Participations, a subsidiary of the National Development Bank (BNDES), which has played a major role in the diffusion of a new control conception for the Brazilian industries in general. Among the main Sugarcane groups considered, a significant increase could be observed on the part of international investors as well as huge national economic groups that were not previously present in the industry.
Especiação redox de crômio em amostras de solos contaminados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-21)
Canevari, Natália Tostes
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7309684456090159
Chromium and its compounds are employed in various industrial processes, and these activities are responsible for the disposal of significant amounts of materials containing this element in the environment. Due to the known toxic feature of Cr(VI) in biological systems, the determination of chromium species has acquired great importance in environmental chemistry. In this study three analytical strategies were combined, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, flame atomic absorption spectrometry and UV-Vis molecular absorption spectrophotometry, in order to identify and determine Cr(III) and (VI) in contaminated soil samples. The samples were collected around the Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Station, a Brazilian scientific station in Antarctica. For the pseudototal chromium analysis, acid digestion was employed for sample preparation and determinations were performed using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer. Na2CO3 0.28 mol L-1 - NaOH 0.5 mol L-1 extractor solution and heating were used for Cr(VI) extraction in the samples, and preliminary identification of this specie was performed using XANES and EXAFS techniques at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory. For Cr(VI) determination, NaOH 0.1 mol L-1 and heating were employed for the extraction of the specie, and determinations were based on the reaction of Cr(VI) with the colorimetric reagent diphenylcarbazide in acid medium, using a flow injection analysis system coupled to a molecular absorption spectrophotometer. The quantification of Cr(III) was carried out by subtraction between the pseudototal chromium concentration and Cr(VI) concentration. Results obtained were compared with those calculated from the determination of Cr(VI) with diphenylcarbazide in batch mode. Chromium (VI) concentrations determined in soil samples using both methods were discordant, and these differences were originated from problems occurred in the developed flow injection analysis system.
O conceito de desenvolvimento segundo Hegel: a progressão da consciência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-21)
Malinski, Tania Alexandra
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Santos, Paulo Roberto Licht dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1681044854219924
The present thesis defends that Hegel´s dialectic can be understood as a process of development, both from the standpoint of pure reason and from a perspective based on historical and political factors. The dialectic of the concept is a development of the consciousness of being with relation to an object so as to comprehend the universal content of the object. The preservation of what is in opposition in the dialectical synthesis is the nucleus of the idea of development and what gives it a positive, constructive and directional character as philosophical and historical process. From a strictly rational point of view, development is the progression of consciousness. From a historical perspective, development is the progressive manifestation of spirit, or Geist. Both means of development consolidate themselves with the enunciation of the concept, which envelops an internal and subjective determination as well as a normative element. The philosophical law contained in the concept reveals its intrinsic value and its comprehension becomes a constitutive part of being. The determination in terms of rule of law and moral values is the absolute determination towards which is driven the national spirit.
Metátese de fechamento de anéis de derivados da R-(-)- Carvona
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-21)
Desiderá, André Luiz
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Brocksom, Timothy John
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7055452150201902
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4748593313421958
In this work was developed a new synthetic route to obtain cicloeptenone not conjugated selectively, through a faster and simpler methodology, and in accordance with good practices of green chemistry. By experimental techniques of nuclear magnetic ressonance (NMR) were assigned the stereochemistry of two diastereoisomeric pairs. Intermediate compounds were synthesized for the synthesis of sesquiterpenes guaianes (a), nor-guaianes (b) and pseudo-guaianes (c). To react the mono-allylated to form bis-alilados products with and without replacement, for further formation of compounds containing ring-type spiro[4.6]undecane. It was also developed a new methodology for formation of tensioned spiro rings (d) derivatives from (R)-carvone, using the reaction of ring closure metathesis. Using this methodology allylation, obtained was a precursor for a new way to reach the system bicyclo [5.3.0] decane (e). In total, 18 compounds were synthesized, of which 7 are unpublished.
Programa de Inclusão Digital (PID) no ensino fundamental em São Carlos (SP): mudanças e permanências com a chegada dos netbooks
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-22)
Lemes, Fernanda Cristina Gaspar
;
Oliveira, Rosa Maria Moraes Anunciato de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3064136997342775
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2437732024773137
Recuperação florestal através de semeadura direta: uso da superação de dormência e influência do tamanho de sementes e de gramíneas exóticas no estabelecimento de espécies de árvores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012-03-22)
Pereira, Silvia Rahe
;
Tanaka, Marcel Okamoto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2768658925977757
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4490071418448583