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Otimização em despacho de táxis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-22)
Santos, Marcela Aparecida Aniceto dos
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Vivaldini, Kelen Cristiane Teixeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5245409138233148
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1794896249292950
In the last years several strategies have been developed by companies that intermediate the communication between the passenger and the taxi driver with the call applications. This intermediation is known as assigning a taxi to a passenger and is used in methods of dispatching taxis. To select a taxi it is necessary to adopt some strategy, such as: the taxi nearest to the passenger, the taxi that has the least estimated time arrival, among others. It is worth mentioning that at any moment passengers can cancel the request and taxi drivers can cancel the service. Several factors lead to this type of cancellation, being for the passenger the main reason for the distance of the driver and the driver the destination of the passenger, because the driver only has the knowledge of the destination of the passenger after the accept of the request. In this way, depending on the adopted strategy, we can assign a taxi that does not have the interest in accept this request or canceled. One of the strategies related to the dispatch of the taxi to the passenger is to direct the service requests for the taxis with the greater chance of acceptance. Thus some parameters can be analyzed for decision making regarding the choice of taxi to be assigned to the passenger. In this scenario, the optimization methods can be used to aid the decision-making process and, thus, to select the taxi with the greatest chance for service. Therefore, the objective of this work is to propose an optimization method that uses a mathematical model of linear programming for decision making of which taxi to be assigned to a determining passenger in order to direct the request to the taxi with greater chance of acceptance. In this taxi dispatch method, the following criteria will be adopted: distance between taxi / passenger, taxi's note given by the passenger, taxi driver's cancellation and refusal quantities, taxi's fidelity stamp, go to home and the aging index for the homogenization of taxis / passenger assignments. Actual data were used in the tests and comparisons considering the point of origin of the taxi and the passenger were performed. In the comparisons, the Euclidean distance methods and the actual distance calculation method were used (the latter, carried out through the collaborative mapping project - OpenStreetMap. The analyzes related to the diversity of parameters for taxicab / passenger assignment were performed and demonstrated the influence of the weights assigned to the parameters in the mathematical model and showed that the sending of the requests were to the taxi drivers with greater chance of acceptance.
Bayesian and classical inference for the generalized gamma distribution and related models
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-22)
Ramos, Pedro Luiz
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Louzada Neto, Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0994050156415890
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7642527593263517
The generalized gamma (GG) distribution is an important model that has proven to be very flexible in practice for modeling data from several areas. This model has important sub-models, such as the Weibull, gamma, lognormal, Nakagami-m distributions, among others. In this work, our main objective is to develop different estimation procedures for the unknown parameters of the generalized gamma distribution and related models (Nakagami-m and gamma), considering both classical and Bayesian approaches. Under the Bayesian approach, we provide in a simple way necessary and sufficient conditions to check whether or not objective priors lead proper posterior distributions for the Nakagami, gamma, and GG distributions. As a result, one can easily check if the obtained posterior is proper or improper directly looking at the behavior of the improper prior. These theorems are applied to different objective priors such as Jeffreys's rule, Jeffreys prior, maximal data information prior and reference priors. Simulation studies were conducted to investigate the performance of the Bayes estimators. Moreover, maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimators for the Nakagami and gamma distribution that have simple closed-form expressions are proposed Numerical results demonstrate that the MAP estimators outperform the existing estimation procedures and produce almost unbiased estimates for the fading parameter even for a small sample size. Finally, a new lifetime distribution that is expressed as a two-component mixture of the GG distribution is presented.
Propriedades da zeólita y contendo mesoporos formados por ação do surfactante CTA+
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-22)
Silva, Juliana Floriano da
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Cardoso, Dilson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2462847535959232
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4674602775309738
Zeolites are microporous, crystalline aluminosilicates that have numerous advantages due to their intrinsic properties such as acidity, hydrothermal stability and shape selectivity. However, the presence of micropores causes diffusion limitations and reduces the accessibility of the molecules to the active sites. To overcome this problem, mesopores are generated in zeolitic framework, combining characteristics of microporous and mesoporous materials. In the present work, the USY zeolite was modified by alkaline treatment in the presence of the CTABr surfactant and subsequently hydrothermal treatment. The influence of the alkaline medium, surfactant concentration, hydrothermal treatment time and temperature on the framework, textural and chemical characteristics of zeolites modified was evaluated. By X-ray diffraction and nitrogen adsorption, it was found that mesopores are generated in the USY zeolite while maintaining its faujasite framework. It has also been observed that the simultaneous presence of the basic medium and the surfactant is required for the formation of mesopores. By dispersive energy spectroscopy (EDS) analysis, it was found that the overall Si/Al ratio of the USY zeolite was kept constant after the modification. The samples were evaluated in the esterification reaction between acetic acid and butanol or tert-butanol, concluding that the amount of acid sites was more relevant than the mesoporosity generated.
Minha vida é o rock and roll: processos educativos na prática social do rock entre músicos da cidade de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-22)
Pino, Mariel Perez
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Joly, Ilza Zenker Leme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5569335876343450
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1433605357903496
The goal of this research was to study and to understand the educational processes from the social practice of Rock through the trajectories of the lives of some musicians from São Carlos. The theoretical purposes start from a perspective that Rock is a social practice and that through this practice the educational processes occur. Therefore, authors such as Oliveira et al., Brandão, Chacon, França, among others, constituted the basis for comprehending Rock as a social practice, both from the educational perspective and from music itself. Other authors such as Freire, Fiori and, again, Brandão supported the educational concepts, and Joly, Severino, Souza, Green, Lacorte, Galvão and others constituted the basis of the concepts regarding the musical education. The methodological proceeding used for the data collection was the “História Oral” method, in which the collaborators, in this case, Rock musicians, shared their musical and life stories in friendly meetings with the researcher. The hearing, the appreciation of the other the act of living with others and the solidarity were important aspects in this relation between researcher and collaborator. The authors used as reference to the “História Oral” method were Thompson, Meihy, Holanda and Alberti. The organizing of the data had as a reference point the Content Analysis, especially the one that was described by Franco. What came to be revealed as educational processes were those that were related to the musical learning, what made possible for the musicians to live their lives more fully and to contemplate the human relations and the life aspects in general. Some aspects like the importance of the family as a mediator of the musical and the human educational processes as well as the school and the learning within a group of friends emerge in the lives of these musicians in an effective manner as a result of the social practice in the Rock environment.
Ensino e aprendizagem de língua espanhola: a motivação de adolescentes de um Centro de Estudos de Línguas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-22)
Bellini, Mariana Bezerra
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Yokota, Rosa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9230517686993400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8640353299679616
Motivation is considered an important variable in the process of learning a foreign language. The nature of students' motivation is complex and variable, and can be influenced by internal factors, specific to the learner, and external factors related to their school context. In this scenario, we consider that actions of the teachers can favor the motivation of the students during the class. We established as objectives of this research: to investigate how motivational strategies can be applied in the Spanish classes and to analyze how the teacher can contribute to promote and/or maintain the motivation of the students. This work is based on the concepts of motivation in foreign language learning (PINTRICH and SCHUNK, 1996; GARDNER, 2001 and DÖRNYEI and OTTÓ, 1998). It is also based on the concept of motivational strategies in language classes (DÖRNYEI, 2001). This is a qualitative research and was carried out based on the action-research methodology. The data were generated in a Center of Language Studies in the State of São Paulo and the participants were 08 students of Spanish as a foreign language and their teacher who is also the researcher. The following instruments were used to produce the data: questionnaire, student-participant and teacher-researcher diaries. The results show a number of factors that influence the students' motivation.
Recomendações para (re)design da visualização em ferramentas de monitoramento de redes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-22)
Oliveira, Hélio Tibagí de
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Zaina, Luciana Aparecida Martinez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0192085115595443
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Verdi, Fábio Luciano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9143186843657940
Monitoring tools have evolved over the years to keep support of advances in computer network technology, adapting to new paradigms such as virtualization, software orientation, and more recently a programmable data plan. However, few advances have been made in the area of interface and interaction in network management systems, nor to know about the main actor, the network administrator, who uses these tools to solve problems and make decisions. Thus, in the current dissertation we present a investigation based on the HCI perspective, through the analysis of data collected in both field researches and experimental approaches, which together enabled the development of recommendations for software developers to the (re)design of data in network monitoring tools.
Cultura e movimentos sociais à luz do materialismo histórico-dialético de Gramsci: um estudo sobre os movimentos sociais de cultura de Sorocaba/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-22)
Bergamini, Débora
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Almeida, Jane Barros
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9178503996055564
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Martins, Marcos Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4515924584428591
The present work was developed according to the methodology of bibliographical, documentary and field research. It aims to investigate the projects and actions in the area of education accomplished by the social movements of culture of the region of Sorocaba / SP, in order to reveal if the praxis of these movements can collaborate with the fight for the construction of another hegemony. To do so, the text begins with a discussion of the multiplicity of the concept of culture and the dichotomy between postmodern and Marxist perspectives in the study of the term. This debate continues guided by the Gramscian Marxist approach, in order to present the culture from the historical-dialectical materialist paradigm. In the sequence, the concept of social movements is discussed, presenting studies on the history of social movements in Latin America, the conceptualization of social movements of culture, a discussion about the limits existing in the so-called theory of new social movements and ends with the exercise of to approach social movements in the light of historical-dialectical materialism, according to the Gramscian perspective. In the third and final chapter is the analysis of education projects carried out by the social movements of culture of Sorocaba / SP, where it is evident that the praxis of these movements, which in general are not oriented by a centrality in the class debate, , yet an important instrument in the struggle for overcoming the capitalist mode of production. In the conclusion, it is evident the need of interpretations of the term culture that transpose those that designate the concept only as a mere reflection of the material relations, just as it also demonstrates the still incipient character of the studies on the social movements in the light of historical materialism suggesting that advances in this field of study may reveal the impacts of social movements on concrete reality.
Análise ergonômica do trabalho docente na pós-graduação: estudo de caso no departamento de engenharia de produção de uma instituição de ensino superior (IES) pública federal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-22)
Vieira, Marina Helena Pereira
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Gemma, Sandra Francisca Bezerra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7008872923416197
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Fontes, Andréa Regina Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4848646681792317
The aim of this research is to analyze the work activity of higher level teaching, identifying the constraints that the professionals of this category are submitted, due - especially - to the system of evaluation of the intellectual production linked to the postgraduate programs. It will be studied the teacher’s activities that works in the Department of Production Engineering (PE) of a federal public university, in the interior of the state of São Paulo. The choice of this theme considers that the teaching work started to have a new logic in the academic routines, based on the acceleration and intensification of activities and the stimulus to productivity, that reproduces in the university scope the characteristics of flexible work. Thus, the teaching activity, related to teaching, research and extension, as well as the administrative management of the university, will be analyzed from the perspective of the Activity Ergonomics. As for the methodological design, this research is classified as descriptive, with a qualitative approach, of a bibliographic character, complemented by the application of a single case study, outlined by the methodological approach of the Ergonomic Work Analysis (EWA), which allows to systematize the investigation of situation of the work environment. he results show that the teachers who work in the postgraduate program of the selected institution are submitted to greater constraints and experience feelings of frustration due to the charges for publication. Some teachers consider the evaluation of intellectual production as an oppressive and motivating process of unproductive productivism, which does not reflect the performance of a good teacher in the exercise of his teaching, research and extension activities. Despite the physical and cognitive impairments arising from the function, the work environment, the autonomy to perform the activities and the satisfaction in developing research are factors that positively influence the work activity of this labor category. Therefore, higher level teaching has proved to be an activity of high physical and cognitive demand and represents an even more pronounced dichotomy in graduate studies, between the pleasures of producing knowledge and the wear and tear that the demands of intellectual production impose.
Controle inibitório do padrão de expiração ativa em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-22)
Flor, Karine Correa
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Zoccal, Daniel Breseghello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1958567557189244
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2988063599123256
Late-expiratory neurons (late-E) located in the parafacial respiratory group (pFRG), a critical region for the emergence of active expiratory pattern, are conditional and remain silent at baseline conditions. In situations of metabolic challenges, these neurons become active and contribute to increase the abdominal motor activity during the late expiratory phase. It was found that late-E neurons are silent at rest due to inhibitory inputs. Interestingly, in conditions of sustained hypoxia (SH), commonly observed in people moving to high altitudes, this inhibitory drive is reduced and generates the active expiratory pattern. In the present study we hypothesized that the Bötzinger complex (BötC), located in the ventral respiratory column, plays an important inhibitory role on the emergence of active expiration. We also explored the possibility that BötC inhibitory mechanism is reduced after SH and the activation of this mechanism is able to normalize the expiratory pattern of SH rats. The aim of the present study was to explore the contribution of the BötC neurons in the generation of the active expiratory pattern in control and SH (10% O2, 24 h) rats. To reach this goal, we recorded the pulmonary ventilation (in vivo) and respiratory motor activity in in situ preparations of juvenile rats (60-80 g) to evaluate, under normocapnic and hypercapnic (8-10% CO2) conditions: i) activity patterns of BötC post-I (n=5) and aug-E (n=9) neurons of control rats; ii) changes in the respiratory pattern after BötC pharmacological disinhibition of control rats with gabazine (GABAA receptor antagonist, 250 μM, n=7) or strychnine (glycine receptor antagonist, 10 μM, n=7); iii) the respiratory pattern of SH rats in situ (n=7) and in vivo (n=12); iv) effects on the respiratory motor activity of control (n=7) and SH rats (n=7) after microinjections of L-glutamate in BötC (10 mM); v) changes in respiratory pattern of SH rats (n=8) promoted by the pharmacological disinhibition of the BötC with strychnine (10 μM). In control rats, post-I and aug-E neurons were recorded under hypercapnia (8% CO2). Hypercapnia evoked late-E activity in the abdominal nerve (AbN), in association with a decreased post-I activity and augmented aug-E activity. Regarding to the bilateral microinjections of gabazine in the BötC of control rats, we observed a decrease in baseline phrenic nerve (PN) bursts frequency and increases in the expiratory time and in the AbN activity, with the emergence of late-E bursts. On the other hand, bilateral microinjections of strychnine in the BötC of control rats diminished the PN, vagus (cVN) and AbN nerve amplitudes, but did not modify the 3-phase respiratory pattern; and attenuated the emergence of the active expiratory pattern under hypercapnia conditions. Concerning the basal ventilatory pattern of unanesthetized SH rats, we observed an increase in minute ventilation, associated with a higher respiratory frequency and tidal volume. These findings obtained in in vivo parallel with our data from in situ preparations, showing that SH evoked active expiratory pattern at baseline conditions. BötC stimulation of SH rats with L-glutamate was able to briefly abolish AbN late-E activity. In addition, BötC disinhibition of SH animals with strychnine eliminated the late-E AbN firing and restored the respiratory motor pattern, similarly to control animals. Taken together, our results indicate that BötC perform a relevant inhibitory role on the mechanisms of active expiratory pattern generation. In addition, short-term SH seems to change the activity of BötC neurons, reducing this inhibitory drive and contributing to the emergence late-E AbN activity at resting conditions in these animals.
Efeito do treino de força de preensão e destreza manual em crianças com síndrome de down de 5 a 10 anos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-22)
Oliveira, Cristina Camargo de
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Tudella, Eloisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8812207777937239
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that causes physical and cognitive changes. These characteristics may directly or indirectly affect the quality of life of individuals, such as slowness in acquiring new skills, minor hand size, short stature, among others. At the school stage there is a requirement for specialized movements regarding hand skills and all controls involved with that member. This research was subdivided into three studies. The first study verified in the scientific literature research related to the evaluation of the manual dexterity of children and adolescents with Down syndrome. A search of literature in the last 10 years in the databases LILACS, MEDLINE, SciELO, PubMed, Scopus with the descriptors: manual dexterity, fine motor skills, fine motor coordination, Down syndrome, evaluation and intervention. We found eight studies focused on the subject, with only two of them having intervention proposals with this population. The second study aimed to compare the manual dexterity and maximum grip strength of children with Down syndrome with typical children, from 6 to 10 years and 11 months. It was a study composed of two groups, matched according to age and sex, being the group of children with Down syndrome (10) and the group of typical children (10). The evaluations used were MABC-2, Box and Blocks test and dynamometer, and anthropometric data were also verified, such as weight, height and size of the dominant hand. Our results demonstrated that children with Down syndrome have a significantly lower performance than typical children for all abilities evaluated, as well as have a smaller hand size and smaller stature. We highlight in our results the size of the lower hand presented by the population with Down syndrome, which may be one of the justifications for low performance in the skills evaluated. The third study aimed to verify the effect of specific training for manual dexterity (fine and coarse), maximum grip strength and stereognosis in children with Down syndrome and typical children aged 5 to 10 years. In order to evaluate the children we used the same procedures of the second study, plus the evaluation of Stereognosis described by Teixeira. For this study we had a sample of 42 children, divided and matched into three groups: experimental group (14), composed of children with Down syndrome; motor control group (14), and social control group (14), both composed of typical and healthy children. Our results showed that after a period of nine specific training sessions, children with Down syndrome presented a better performance for the skills of thick manual dexterity, strength and stereognosis. For the skill of fine manual dexterity we could not present a significant improvement in the post-workout, however, we emphasize that the motor control group, which received the same training as the experimental group, showed a significant improvement, unlike the social control group, which despite of having performed better in post-training, was not significant. We therefore emphasize the importance of specific training to improve the performance of children with Down syndrome. It is suggested that future studies have a greater number of intervention sessions in order to offer more expressive gains for the manual skills, especially for fine manual dexterity.
Peças para pavimento intertravado de concreto: estudo de viabilidade técnica na incorporação de agregado reciclado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-22)
Leal, Cleber Eduardo Fernandes
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Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7798651726059215
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Marques Neto, José da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2392932422695163
As a major absorber of labor and inputs, the construction sector is responsible for significantly boosting a country's economy. On the other hand, due to this magnitude, the quantities of non-renewable natural resources consumed and waste generated by the civil construction industry have been alarming. With increasing generation, disposal areas are overloaded, and when they are not properly disposed of, waste can cause serious damage to the environment, health and public safety. Considering this concern, the present research had as main goal to analyze the technical feasibility in producing concrete paving blocks incorporating construction waste in the form of recycled aggregates. Recycled aggregates were collected at the São Carlos-SP and São José do Rio Preto-SP plants. Both were characterized as granulometry, unit weight, density, water absorption and powdery material. For the pieces manufacture, the recycled sand from Rio Preto was chosen, because it only contained concrete and mortar residues in its composition. It was defined 4 different mixes, counting with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% of mass substitution of the natural sand by the recycled sand. The pieces were produced on an industrial scale and with the use of vibropress machine, in a partner factory of the study. After the production, the pieces were taken to the Brazilian Portland Cement Association, where they were evaluated at 7 and 28 days according to the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, abrasion and water absorption. At 28 days, the mixes containing recycled aggregates provided satisfactory results and superior to the reference concrete. For compressive strength and splitting tensile strength, the best results were obtained with 20% of recycled sand, meeting the minimum limits required by Brazilian and British standards, respectively. All mixes met the abrasion limits proposed by the standards, with the lowest surface wear observed in the pieces with 10% of residue. For water absorption, the best results were provided by 10 and 20% substitution mixes. Only the mix with 30% absorbed water beyond the limit proposed in standard. The statistical analysis of the results showed that the replacement of natural sand by recycled sand at all levels did not significantly change the values of the properties of the pieces. Thus, it was concluded that the substitution of up to 30% of the natural sand content by recycled sand is, in fact, technically feasible, with a possible optimal substitution content between 20% and 30% or near theses limits.
Educação das relações étnico-raciais : processos educativos decorrentes de uma intervenção com africanidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-22)
Denzin, Aline de Souza
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Gonçalves Junior, Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1324174147128430
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8011362138094668
The education of ethnic and race relations has been shown as an effective way to fight against racism and the discrimination existing in daily life of Brazilian Society, practices supported by the permanence of the myth of racial democracy as the denial speech of racial exclusion and inequality that exist in Brazil. To fight against the racism denial, understanding it as having a social and historical foundation, resulting in a process of a colonial speech internalization that seeks justify the hierarchy and supremacy of certain groups above others, it is what is suggested by this Doctorate research to accomplish an intervention with Africanities for the education of ethnic and race relations. Driven by the diversity problematization and dialogs, this study pursued identify and understand the educational process resulted on an Africanity intervention for the education of ethnic and race relations occurring in partnerships of the Projects: “Experiences in Leisure Diversified Activities” and “More than Soccer”. For this, a qualitative approach investigation was developed, with phenomenological inspiration, and all data shown in this work were collect in daily field records and conversation circles. From the data analysis process, two categories emerged: A) Knowing to recognize and recognizing to know; B) Me, others and the ethic and race diversity. Starting with the investigation made, it was realized that the implementation of an intervention with Africanities enabled opportunities for talks and proposition that contributed with knowing and recognizing other ways to be in the world with one another, practicing respect to all differences in a group coexistence.
Desenvolvimento profissional de formadores de professores de matemática que são Investigadores da docência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-22)
Coura, Flávia Cristina Figueiredo
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Passos, Cármen Lúcia Brancaglion
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2297203444364327
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4594232382081847
This study aims to understand the experiences of the professional development of Mathematics teacher educators who are researchers of teaching. The term “Mathematics teacher educators” refers to Superior Education professionals who work with the training of Mathematics teachers, while “researchers of teaching” refers to those who are committed to the training of teachers and to teaching itself, from which they conduct their investigations and produce knowledge-of-practice offering support to their own and other’s professional practices. The present research was developed based on Clandinin and Connelly observations regarding narrative inquiry. The data was produced from dialogical in-depth interviews with a biographical-narrative aspect performed individually with each of the six participants. The field texts, i.e., the mapping of the trajectory of the educator, the transcription of the interview, and the field notes, were produced by the doctoral candidate from, respectively, the academic production of each participant, the transcription of the individual interviews, and the notes about the conduction of these interviews. The transition from the field texts to the research texts resulted in six narratives that reveal the experiences of the professional development of the Mathematics teacher educators who are researchers of teaching. From the narratives of each participant, a chronology of the important elements could be established and, therefore, it was possible to identify the professional development experiences had by such educators: a relationship of proximity and interaction with the school and with the teacher who teaches Mathematics in Basic Education; the identification/distinction of a particular mathematics for the work of the teacher; the valuing of a mathematical knowledge for the training of the teacher who teaches Mathematics, to be addressed with the other knowledge from the Knowledge Base for Teaching; the constitution of a training practice towards the professional activity of the teacher who teaches Mathematics and the search of theoretical and empirical support to understand and guide this professional activity. The transversal analysis of the narratives aimed to follow the diachronic movement of the experiences present in the participants’ narratives organized in three moments/movements in order to highlight the transformations in the stories of both their lives and their formation while they were constituting themselves as (1) Mathematics teachers, (2) Mathematics teacher educators, and (3) researchers of teaching; this allowed for the understanding of how Mathematics teacher educators who are researchers of teaching developed themselves professionally. These transformations were marked by shifts in the position of the educators in relation to the knowledges pertaining to their professional activity: in order to constitute themselves as Mathematics teachers, they produced knowledge-in-practice of teaching Mathematics; in order to constitute themselves as teacher educators, they produced knowledge-in-practice of training teachers; and, in order to constitute themselves as researchers of teaching, they produced knowledge-of-practice of teaching Mathematics and of training teachers. In these movements, the way in which the participants developed themselves professionally is strongly related both to the commitment they established with their teaching activity, as well as to the interaction they built between researching and teaching, from the time they taught Mathematics onwards.
Biomecânica da corrida em diferentes faixas etárias: classificação baseada na técnica árvore de decisão e análise de codificação vetorial modificada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-22)
Souza, Mariana Carvalho de
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Serrão, Fábio Viadanna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8137335642635433
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7445814896871143
Running is a popular exercise and the elderly population practicing this sport has increased. However, this activity is associated with a risk of lower limb injuries and female runners are twice as likely to develop these injuries. The majority of studies that compared age groups used classical statistics. The decision tree approach is used to classify patterns in data sets and has shown to be better than the support vector machine (SVM) on other sorts of data. Dependent variables have tended to focus on discrete data from isolated joints. Coordination variability (CV) quantifies the variety of segment movement patterns and is linked to a healthy motor system. The aims of this thesis were to evaluate the capacity of the decision tree to discriminate runners of different age groups, to compare the performance of the decision tree to the SVM and to compare CV among male and female runners, separately, during running. Kinematic and electromyography analysis were assessed. The decision tree was used to discriminate the age groups and a modified vector coding technique was used to investigate segment CV. The results show that the decision tree approach was capable of discriminating the different age groups. Also, for the male runners, the younger runners presented a higher CV than the middle-aged and the older. And for the female runners, the younger runners presented a lower CV than the middle-aged runners and a similar coordination variability when compared to the older group. The study findings indicate that decision tree approach had a better performance in discriminating the age groups than the SVM. Also, aging influences dynamic function for male runners and, lastly, female runners appear to maintain their CV during running regardless of age.
Diagnóstico da oferta de indicadores bibliométricos nas bibliotecas das universidades públicas do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-22)
Ramos, Renan Carvalho
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Faria, Leandro Innocentini Lopes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0767710394930118
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6249236942175363
The general objective of this thesis is to understand the offer and the capacity to provide bibliometric services in the libraries of public universities of the state of São Paulo. Literature review was elaborated on bibliometric and its main indicators as products to measure science and scientific performance. For the realization of this research were necessary the use of combinations of data collection procedures, namely: document analysis, bibliometric analysis and application of interviews to allow the elaboration of a vision on the provision of bibliometric services in academic libraries. The results presented bibliometrics as a field of research in development and growth around the world; his presence as an activity and research in the Brazilian academic libraries; his approach in the courses of Library and Information Science in Brazil and finally the analysis of the library systems managers on the offer of bibliometric services. With the results of this research it is expected to contribute to understanding the scenery and the perception of academic libraries facing the demands of their community for these products. In addition, the results may allow the preparation of proposals for academic libraries to offer bibliometric services to their users.
Desempenho de idosos com diferentes níveis de escolaridade em um teste cognitivo digital
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-22)
Carvalho, Lucas Pelegrini Nogueira de
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Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7691931540625109
Due to the increasing number of older adults in society, as well as the prevalence of cognitive impairment in that population, accurate instruments to evaluate cognitive abilities are necessary. It is known that most of the traditional neuropsychological tests are influenced by individual’s educational background. However, there are few studies regarding digital tests usage among the elderly with low schooling. In this study, we aimed to do a systematic literature review to analyze the interaction between older adults’ years of education and digital evaluations; also, we proposed comparing the performance of Brazilian older adults with different educational background in a digital change detection test; as well as compare this test’s results with other, non-digital, cognitive tests. Results are presented in article format. The first, a systematic literature review, analyzed the role of educational level on cognitive digital tests. After the justified exclusions, seven papers from the previous five years were selected. Associations between older adults’ performance on digital tests and educational background were not found. In the second study, the aim was to verify the performance of older adults in a cognitive digital test and comparing its results with traditional cognitive instruments. Participants were assigned into three different groups according to their years of education: G1 (illiterates, n= 55), G2 (1 to 4 years of education, n= 98 ), G3 (5 years of education or more, n= 27. There weren’t differences between the illiterates (G1) and lower-education groups (G2); however, it was observed a difference between these two groups and the higher-education group (G3) regarding performance on change detection task. Furthermore, the digital test was correlated to ACE-R’s general score and its language domain for G3. It is necessary to keep investigating the use of digital tests in the elderly.
Análise da complexidade do torque extensor do joelho na síndrome da fragilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-23)
Carnavale, Bianca Ferdin
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Takahashi, Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8336705133403404
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7944723750691031
Frailty syndrome is associated with a decline in the complexity of biological signals. The interactions between neuromuscular system components result in complex structures of torque, which can be simplified in the presence of frailty syndrome, leading to decreases in functional capacity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the complexity of submaximal isometric knee extensor torque in frail, pre-frail, and non-frail older adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted. Forty-two older adults were divided into three groups: non-frail (n= 15), pre-frail (n= 15), and frail (n= 12). The data collected included: body composition, five times sit-to-stand test, walking speed, and isometric knee extensor torque at 15, 30, and 40% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). The knee extensor torque variability was evaluated from coefficient of variation, and the torque complexity was evaluated from the analysis of approximate entropy (ApEn) and sample entropy (SampEn). The ANOVA two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures and the Holm-Sidak post hoc were used to test differences between groups and force levels. The significance level was fixed at 5%. The frail group presented a reduction in body weight, lean mass in the dominant leg, peak torque value and worse physical performance (five times sit-to-stand test and walking speed). In addition, the frail older adults presented reduced torque complexity in relation to the non-frail group. Although all groups showed an increase in torque complexity with increased force levels. In conclusion, torque complexity is reduced in the presence of frailty syndrome.
Fatores associados à qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e a resiliência de pacientes oncológicos em tratamento quimioterápico e de seus familiares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-23)
Cordeiro, Larissa Martins
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Orlandi, Fabiana de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7395879552721664
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2645557474314474
Cancer is considered a public health problem. Upon receiving the diagnosis of cancer, the individual may undergo changes in their habits and ways of living, which may compromise their health-related quality of life (HRQL) and their family members. The assessment of HRQoL and the resilience of oncology patients and their relatives can provide useful clinical information about the real impact on the sense of well-being and satisfaction with life and may favor the reduction of the impacts of clinical practice. The general objective was to evaluate the relationship between HRQoL and resilience and its association with self-esteem, hope, spirituality and anxious and depressive symptoms of cancer patients on chemotherapy and their relatives. This is a correlational cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach that was carried out at Instituto Amaral Carvalho. The sample consisted of 130 cancer patients on chemotherapy (QT) and 130 family members. In the individual interview, the following instruments were applied: Sociodemographic, Clinical and Health Characterization, EORTC-QLQ-C30 (this only in the (ERH), Herth Hope Scale (EEH), Pinto and Parent-Spirituality Scale (EEPPR), Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (EAR) and Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) . The analysis was performed by descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, mean and univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CEP) of the Federal University of São Carlos (Opinion No. 1,680,639) and the Amaral Carvalho Hospital (Opinion No. 1,842,423). The results showed that patients presented a better perception of HRQoL in the "mental health" dimension of the SF-36 (70,98) and in the "social function" of EORTC-QLQ-C30. The worst perception of HRQOL was attributed to the "physical aspects" of the SF-36 (27,88) and the "fatigue" symptom of the EORTC-QLQ-C30 (29,15). Already the relatives indicated a better perception of HRQOL in "functional capacity" (86,69) and worse perception in "vitality" (66,04), both domains of the SF-36. A high level of resilience was observed between the patients (n = 63; 48.46%) and the relatives (n = 72; 55.38%). There was a relationship between HRQoL and the resilience of the interviewees, including patients and relatives with a high level of resilience presented better HRQoL. Patients and families with better HRQL and high level of resilience presented higher levels of spirituality, hope and self-esteem, and lower levels of anxious and depressive symptoms. Among the factors associated with the best HRQoL in patients with QT cancer, the lowest age, lower educational level, no use of medication, presence or absence of metastasis, no pain, high resilience, spirituality, hope and self-esteem, in addition to the low level of anxious and depressive symptoms. As for the relatives, the factors were male gender, not to help the family income, not to live with the patient, a high level of self-esteem and a low level of anxious and depressive symptoms. Among the factors associated with the high resilience of cancer patients in QT were the high level of hope and spirituality and the low level of depressive symptoms. For family members he found himself to be a practitioner of a religion and a high level of hope. It was concluded that there is a relationship between HRQoL and the resilience of cancer patients in QT and their relatives.
Mulheres catadoras fotografando o mundo-vida: revelando processos educativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-23)
Checchi, Conrado Marques da Silva de
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Gonçalves Junior, Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1324174147128430
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3627264230024829
This research sought to identify, describe and understand which educative processes emerge from photography as a language that enables the communication and critical reading of the lifeworld of eleven women waste pickers, who participate in the Acácia Cooperative, in Araraquara city. Taking as a starting point the methodological coexistence in the activities carried out by the group during the door-to-door allocation of residences, an intervention was made to distribute digital cameras to take wherever they wanted and to create photographs with the following question: What is it for you, pick waste solidary? From the photographs were conducted individual interviews and three dialogue circle about the photographs created by each participant, seeking to reveal educational processes that emerge from the dialogue of each collector about his photographs, and then with they all like a group of womans waste pickers. The methodology used for this qualitative research was based on a phenomenological method focusing on the situated phenomenon. The analysis of the data revealed different educative processes that permeate the practice of picking recyclable waste materials, which present the senses cultivated within the social practice and that are present in the life of the different womans waste pickers, announcing, with this, the dense plots in which are inserted and that reveal transforming looks, of overcoming obstacles and adversities present in the chain of recycling and that fall mainly on the womens recyclable pickers. The comprehension of the meanings elaborated by collectors through the photographic act, involves understanding them in exteriority to the hegemonic system, positioning with them, so that the perception of the image is not limited to its surface, thus requiring another epistemology, based on the otherness and the recognition of liberation struggles in the face of Western modernity. Like windows, the images seeks to illuminate the vision, provoking reflections on the lived times and opening a gap in the representations that the city gives to the lives of these womens. Through this intervention we seek to help the group of women pickers in the constant practice of collective construction that they carry out in the self-management and solidarity, the principles of their organization.
Gestão do conhecimento: um modelo para unidades de pesquisa do Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-23)
Rocha, Micherlangela Barroso
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Hoffmann, Wanda Aparecida Machado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7609135667093837
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1525524046737221
In the context of Public Administration (PA), Knowledge Management (KM) acquires its own concept and characteristics due to its specificities, such that the GC seeks to help these organizations face new challenges, implement innovative management practices and improve the quality of processes, products and public services for the benefit of the citizen-user and society in general. GC in organizations is implemented and evaluated through processes described in GC Models that allow a deeper understanding of the reality of GC within organizations. From a review of the literature, it is identified that studies containing specific GC models for PA are very limited. Thus, the general objective of this research is to propose a GC model adequate to the Research Units (UP) of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Innovations and Communications (MCTIC) and its specific objectives include studying the GC models in the literature and those that apply to Public Administration (PA) bodies; to relate general components that should be considered in the elaboration of a KM model for PA; describe characteristics peculiar to UP of the MCTIC; to identify the specific components for a GC model for UP of the MCTIC; propose a GC Model for UP of the MCTIC and; to identify possible barriers and facilitating elements for the implementation of the proposed model. In the research are presented several GC Models in order to verify their relevance and applicability to the reality of public organizations. For a better understanding, this research is structured in sections that are linked in an increasing degree of specificity, in which the concepts and foundations of the GC are presented, followed by the insertion of the thematic in the context of the Public Administration. Specifically, this research addresses the MCTIC Research Units, so it is necessary to explain the Ministry and the characterization of its Research Units. The methodology adopted was of the qualitative and descriptive type in which the Content Analysis method was adopted and contemplated a questioning about the GC in a Research Unit of MCTIC, aiming to provide better inputs for the elaboration of the GC Model for Units of MCTIC. The GC Model proposed for UP of the MCTIC included General and Specific Strategic Drivers, GC Enablers, GC Processes executed through the KDSA Cycle, involving the Stakeholders of the Organization, so all these components were inserted in the environment of the UP of the MCTIC.