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“O que fazer, como fazer”: contribuições da ergonomia da atividade na compreensão dos processos de regulação frente às contradições na lógica da organização do trabalho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-10-16) Rodrigues, Larissa Brentini de Almeida; Camarotto, João Alberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1694396578138727
This research presents a discussion about regulations developed during the work activity to adjust the distance from work organization prescriptions and real situations. From the theoretical basis, which laid the foundation to the field research in a metallurgical industry in the agricultural sector, this study aims to understand how the possibilities of action and the operative strategies develop in an attempt to supply the contradictions of the work organization prescriptions in relation to the real work. There was a gap in the literature on the definition of work organization and, in order to enable this study, based on the theoretical framework, this research considered the following aspects of work organization "what to do"; "how to do"; “tasks division”; “interaction between tasks and activities”; “interaction between operators and hierarchy”; “performance requirements and standards”. This is a qualitative study, with a theoretical approach based on the concepts of activity ergonomics. To understand the work organization from the perspective of prescription, representation of professionals from different areas of activity in the company and regulations and operative strategies, it was analyzed the prescriptive documents provided by the company and conducted semi-structured interviews with social actors of different hierarchical levels, observations of activities and self-confrontation interviews with the operators. The results show that the representations of participants about real work differ according to the professional practice area and according to the proximity level in relation to the routine work situations of operators. As a result, there is a conflict between the prescriptive logics, and in general, the logics of production, quality, engineering and safety conflict with the functioning of technical devices. The prescriptions have different weights in the construction of operative modes, and individual and collective competencies help in these decision conflicts by considering the available resources and the possible results of the activity. The regulations occur within a limit, in terms of health and effectiveness, whose operation depends, mainly, on the availability of resources compatible with the real situation.
Corpo, transnacionalismo negro e as políticas de patrimonialização: as práticas expressivas culturais negras e o circuito afrodiaspórico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-10-16) Sousa, Karina Almeida de; Silvério, Valter Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421231847055027; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7080534523571723
Samba-Rock received the title of Intangiable Heritage of the city of São Paulo in 2011. This recognition dialogues with a broad movement of patrimonialization of the Black Social Clubs in the South and Southeast regions of the country. This occurred with Grêmio Recreativo e Familiar Flor de Maio, whose was recognized as material heritage of the city of São Carlos in the same year. These processes engender an important debate on nationalism and transnationalism of cultural practices and spaces articulated by the African diaspora in the Americas. Therefore, the research investigated the processes and circuits that compose the practices and spatial relations produced in the African diaspora. The investigation was based on some concepts such as contact zone, nation-state, modernity, black transnationalism, vernacular afrodiasporic circuit and black diasporic culture and African diaspora. The research has supported by participant observation, ethnographic incursion, bibliographical research and audiovisual materials (films, music and photographic records), added to interviews and data collection carried out in the state of São Paulo/BR as well as in the state of Georgia/USA from 2016 to 2019. It is concluded that, in order to understand the transits and the subjects whose expressive black cultural practices are recreated, it has become necessary to activate another element of analysis as an expressive practice: the body. It is through the inclusion of the body that the recognition of dance and music are inseparable, and the productions of the vernacular Afro diasporic circuit are expressed. In this panorama, the research was supported by a narrative proposal focused on similarities and connections, recognizing, and guiding the differences, which could be analyzed when associated with four other elements: dispersion, hybridization, creativity/improvisation and the meanings attributed to the body in the constitution of a diasporic black culture. In this way, the debate between these practices and their spaces as a constituent of a community of memory starts to gain place, tensioning, and in turn, the classical notions of the nation-state, modernity, and recognition policies (material and immaterial) as strategies (re)inscription of practices in the modern debate. Furthermore, I continue to defend the need for reflection on a political economy of black culture articulated with the dynamics of production-regulation-consumption of expressive cultural productions as one of the elements of constant (re)creation of practices in the vernacular afrodiasporic circuit.
Análise de bolhas nos produtos agricolas: açúcar, café e soja
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-10-16) Silva, Anna Karolyna; Silva Junior, Geraldo Edmundo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5138808982229139; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2250569792860911
The process of changing market conditions, due to the major shocks of the 1970s and 1980s, as well as the changes in domestic and international market conditions in subsequent years, significantly affected the price volatility of many commodities. The volatility of prices of important commodities such as sugar, coffee and soy, demands a study on the occurrence of bubbles and their characterization. To this end, the present work proposed the identification of speculative bubbles based on the modified unit root test to accommodate the null hypothesis of moderately explosive processes in the prices of the analyzed commodities, using the GSADF methodology for the Monte Carlo simulation structures (MC) and Wild Bootstrapping (WB) with the inclusion of a trend parameter to mitigate the effects of the market trend in the period between January 1964 and December 2016. The results showed the absence of bubbles for soybeans, as it is a commodity with more liquid trading. For sugar, an average of five bubbles were identified in the analyzed period, and the episodes were longer for the trended WB and longer for the trending MC. For coffee, the periods were longer for the simulations without trend. It was concluded that the use of the trend can be used for series of commodities whose production cycle is shorter and, in the case of commodities with long cycles such as coffee, it reduces the occurrence of bubbles when taking into account the long-term trend of such markets.