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Avaliação de correlações para parâmetros de escoamento em tubos utilizando CFD
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Braz, Bruno Henrique; Lopes, Gabriela Cantarelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5680967191791061; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6032234770710567
The fluid flow inside tubes is present in many industrial operations and the knowledge of the flow parameters is essential for the processes to be optimized. The analytical solutions found in the literature are obtained only for simple flow configurations. For more complex cases, empirical solutions are the way found to overcome the difficulty of analyzing these cases, in contrast, the number of proposed correlations and the divergence between them becomes a problem in deciding which is the best to be used. In this work, simulations of circular tube with length of 0,1m, 0,2m, 0,4m, 0,7m, 1,2m, 1,4m, 1,5m, 1,75 e 2m with water and glycerin in laminar (Re = 100, 498, 995 e 1032), transition (Re = 2488, 2986, 3154 e 3483) and turbulent (Re = 4976, 6967, 9952 e 10322) flows were performed in the Ansys Fluent software in order to obtain values for entrance length, velocity profile and pressure drop variables so that they were subsequently compared with values obtained through correlations available in the literature. The results demonstrated that the entry lengths are well predicted by the Kays equations in the laminar flow and Bhatti in the turbulent flow, but that no correlation tested showed satisfactory proximity to the values obtained in the simulation with glycerin. The simulations with water and glycerin showed good proximity to what was predicted by the parabolic profile in the laminar flow. In turbulent flow, simulations with glycerin were the closest to the profiles proposed by the power law and the universal profile. In the pressure drop, both the water simulation and the glycerin simulation had good proximity to the theoretical pressure drop, however in the turbulent flows the results between what was obtained in the simulation and the theoretical value were different.
Avaliação da perda de carga em um lavador Venturi de seção circular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Gregori, Rodolfo; Béttega, Vádila Giovana Guerra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0752059622240208; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5294032603763145
This work aimed to experimentally evaluate how the number of liquid injection holes, the Gas-Liquid ratio and the penetration of the liquid jet affect the pressure drop in a Venturi scrubber with circular section. It was analyzed how the pressure drop behaved, varying the number of liquid injection holes from 3 to 6, the liquid flow from 250 mL / min to 1500 mL /min at intervals of 250 mL / min and at gas speeds at throat of 52.4, 61.4, 67.3 and 73.3 m / s. The washing liquid used in the experiments was water, kept at room temperature and the Venturi washer used with a circular section with a diameter equal to 33 mm and a divergente section length of 86 mm. The experimental results confirmed that the increase in liquid flow causes an increase in pressure drop due to greater energy dissipation. In addition, the increase in the velocity of the injected gas causes a decrease in the penetration of the jet, due to na increase in the drag force and that by varying the number of orifices from 3 to 6, the jets became less penetrating. The experimental results were also compared with analytical models by YUNG et al. (1977) and CALVERT (1970), and proved to be quite coherent. However, it was possible to observe a departure from the absolute values obtained that can be justified by the fact that the models establish some hypotheses that do not take into account the number of injection orifices and other behaviors.
A reciclagem química como alternativa ao tratamento de resíduos plásticos no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Avelino, Guilherme Monteiro; Béttega, Vádila Giovana Guerra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0752059622240208; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4660496404170427
Recycling is a process carried out in the transformation of products. This can be done mechanically, chemically and energetically. In each of the defined types there are different processes, as well as the final products and raw materials. Given this, the present study sought to understand the challenges that gasification, as a chemical recycling methodology, faced in Brazil and how they can be overcome so that this method is a viable alternative with mechanical recycling, in order to improve waste treatment plastics in our country. To this end, the study started from a bibliographic review about mechanical recycling and chemistry in Brazil, critically analyzing some processes and the variables that involve them, in addition to discussing the social, economic and environmental impacts that each treatment has. The results obtained allowed us to conclude that mechanical recycling is the main recycling resource carried out in Brazil. Mechanical recycling is financially more effective when compared to the other two types of recycling practiced, in addition to providing employability in the sector. It was also found that reverse logistics, guaranteed by law, allows the right destination for the treatment of solid waste, and should be further explored. However, it must be considered that mechanical recycling has variables that hinder its use, since certain plastic residues cannot be recycled by this processing. Thus, investment in chemical recycling is necessary, but the financial demand that it requires is understood. Sustainability is highlighted as a major factor in this scenario, and should be considered in the different recycling processes. Finally, it is concluded that gasification, explored by the researcher in this study, presents itself as an alternative for the treatment of plastic waste, thus, the need for further exploratory studies in the researched area is stated.
Matemática aplicada à Economia para o ensino fundamental: uma sequência didática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Laranjeira, Julia Dias Leite; Peixoto, Magda da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0413910306376054; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6894748598032616
It has been presented on this work an approach for didactic sequence on mathematical teaching for ninth grade. The key reason for this work is to enhance the student's financial knowledge through basic concepts of microeconomics. The presented didactic sequence is composed of theoretical classes and practical exercises aiming to develop citizens who understand the financial system where they live and to enable them awareness to make responsible decisions.
Implementação, validação e aplicação de um modelo de força de lubrificação em simulações CFD-DEM de um leito fluidizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Campos, João Pedro Ferreira de; Lopes, Gabriela Cantarelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5680967191791061; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6660433474820634
Fluidized bed reactors are commonly used in chemical industry applications, especially in reactions involving heterogeneous catalysis. These equipments have been extensively studied and literature describing its macroscopic dynamic behaviors is largely available. However, the literature regarding the effect of microscopic interactions on these systems is sparse, such as the collisional dynamics of particles immersed in viscous fluids. In this context, the restitution coefficient is an effective way to account for energy dissipation caused by collisions. It is known that the presence of an interstitial viscous fluid when particles collide causes an increase in energy dissipation due to the lubrication force, and thus resulting in a much lower restitution coefficient. The present work aimed to implement a lubrication force model in an open-source CFD-DEM (computational fluid dynamics – discrete elements modelling) code in order to evaluate its effect in fluidized beds. The model was implemented directly into the DEM library and calibrated using experimental data from other works. Once validated, the model was applied in a fluidized bed simulation using viscous liquid and dense particles. The model was in good accordance to experimental data and the fluidized bed simulation results were significantly different when the force was included. It was observed that bed porosity decreased while average particle velocity increased, likely due to an increase in particle agglomeration. Overall the results show that the lubrication force should be taken into account when simulating such systems.
Comparação de estruturas de contenção com variação de altura em obras de infraestrutura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Macedo, Gabriel Cintra; Almeida Filho, Fernando Menezes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0447825383222965; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2106555754897361
Although recurrent use of retaining walls in different situations, there is few technical and scientific material on the subject. The Brazilian standard has a large deficiency in this area and it is often necessary to use international standards. This fact creates a difficulty for engineers when choosing which structure is suitable for each situation. In this way, often the decisive factor for using a retainer is the familiarity of the project. However, containment works have high values and, in the case of infrastructure works, this value becomes worrying when analyzing situations in which there are hundreds of meters of retaining wall. Thus, the elaboration of materials that assist in the adequate choice of structures is fundamental for the Brazilian scenario. The present work aimed study the use of three types of retaining wall (cyclopean concrete, reinforced concrete and anchored retaining wall) in infrastructure works. For this purpose, calculation tables were developed to design the three structures. In addition, for a better analysis, the height of the three types of wall were varied, thus obtaining a material consumption for each solution. In addition, the limitations and advantages of each structure were raised. In this way, the work aimed contribute technically to expand the knowledge about containments and assist designers in choosing suitable solutions for their projects.
Augusto de Campos entre dois séculos: poeta concreto e digital
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Menezes, Taciana Gava de; Rocha, Rejane Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5669300635333699; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0468207850740425
This study aims to analyze the process of transposing printed poems to the digital medium, carried out by the concrete poet Augusto de Campos, and, from the analysis, to understand the aesthetic changes resulting from this in the light of the concept of remediation (BOLTER; GRUSIN, 2000). When the digital context appears, the potentialities of texts, previously printed, are transcoded to another medium (MANOVICH, 2001), adding other meanings to concrete poems and bringing the aesthetic configuration of the Concretist movement to the history of brazilian digital literature. The theoretical-critical discussion of this study has three axes: 1. Concrete poetry: Aguilar (2005), Campos, A., Pignatari and Campos, H. (2006); 2. The convergence between new media and the arts: Debray (1993), Lévy (2008) and Santaella (2003, 2005, 2018); and 3. Digital literature: Bolter e Grusin (2000), Gainza (2012, 2016, 2017), Hayles (2008), Kozak (2015a, 2015b) and Rocha (2014, 2016, 2020). Data from the mapping of digital works, carried out within the scope of the Project (CNPq) “Repositório da Literatura Digital Brasileira”, show us that Augusto de Campos’ poetry appears on a large scale and the protagonism in these data suggests the delineation of a “pre- history ”of brazilian digital literature built by the process of refining poetic techniques and procedures that the Concretist movement has always set out to accomplish. This research project is part of the discussions developed by the Research Group (CNPq) “Observatório da Literatura Brasileira Brasileira”.
Análise do processo dos pedidos de recurso dos estudantes de graduação da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Durães, Rubens Roberto da Palma; Martins, Manoel Fernando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921504261628850; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1090599203815394
The General Regiment of Undergraduate Courses at the Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar reserves the right to ask the Undergraduate Dean regularly to analyze and reconsider, through appeal, situations such as loss of vacancy, problems with enrollment in curricular activities, locking the course out of time and other demands. This right is also guaranteed to those who have lost their connection with the university within a period of up to one year. This research was dedicated to studying the process of analysis of the appeal requests presented by the students, both in the way it is carried out, and in the data that can be extracted from the forms presented by the applicants. The processes used in the second semester of 2018 and in the first and second semesters of 2019 were mapped and analyzed, which allowed a comparison based on the changes that occurred in its stages and tasks and the indication of advantages and disadvantages in these models. Data were also collected through documentary analysis of the resources, attachments and orders presented in the second semester of 2018 and the first semester of 2019, which allowed to outline the profile of the requesting students, list their demands and quantify the responses to their requests, in addition to identify the incidence of these occurrences by Academic Units. After mapping the processes and studying a theoretical framework on Management by Processes, a new format was indicated, with the inclusion of thirteen proposals for improvement in terms of execution, control and improvement. The study also allowed a reflection on public management in higher education and the current management model at UFSCar.
Análise comparativa da viabilidade econômica da produção de aguardente utilizando caldo decana-de-açúcar e açúcar comercial como matérias-primas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Barros, Vítor Lucas de Oliveira; Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6244428434217018; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2922564365184715
Brandy can be produced from various raw materials, which directly influence the sensory characteristics of the product, the production process and economic analysis. Brandy can be defined as an alcoholic beverage of 38 to 58% by volume, obtained from the lowering of the alcoholic content of the simple alcoholic distillate or by the distillation of the fermented must. Various raw materials can be used in the production of brandy, such as sugar cane, cereals, brown sugar, sugar beet, cane molasses, sugars in general, etc. The objective of this work was to analyze and compare the economic viability of brandy production using sugar and/or sugarcane as raw materials. Two modes of production were evaluated and compared in relation to the traditional production of cane brandy (or cachaça). In the first, only sugar was used as raw material and fermentation was carried out by selected yeast UFLA CA 11. In the second, 10 tests were carried out to analyze the production of brandy from 20% v/v of cane juice diluted to 15 ºBrix (approximately 300 liters) and 250 kg of sugar diluted to 15 ºBrix (approximately 1300 liters) using free-range yeast as a production catalyst. The experiment was carried out in the city of Dores do Turvo-MG and the type of sugar used was crystal, acquired in the CEASA market, located in Belo Horizonte. Initially, production using sugar did not seem viable, as it includes costs of planting sugar cane, costs of producing sugar and brandy, while direct fermentation of the sugarcane juice subtracts costs of sugar production (evaporation, crystallization, drying, etc.). However, profitability and low payback time were observed in the production of brandy with 20% cane juice. The fermentation process involving only sugar and selected yeast UFLA CA 11 has not been completed due to nutritional limitations that prevented the yeast from completely consuming the sugars present in the process.
A formação da consciência crítico-filosófica na pedagogia histórico-crítica: a contribuição de Dermeval Saviani
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Rezende, André Canevalle; Martins, Marcos Francisco; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4515924584428591; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9508993033898761
This dissertation contains the results of the research carried out on the concept of philosophical conscience in Historical-Critical Pedagogy (PHC), considering the contributions originated by Dermeval Saviani. The methodological approach is qualitative and was consummated, essentially, through bibliographic research, in order to identify the main references that Saviani adopted to formulate the conception of philosophical conscience in PHC. However, to verify the assertions produced, there was also an interview with the first formulator of the pedagogy under discussion. The general objective of the heuristic endeavor was to rescue the philosophical bases of PHC, which at the present time has sought to consolidate its psychological foundations, embracing historical-cultural psychology. The textual structure adopted in the following exhibition sought to explain what the origins of the concept of philosophy and conscience are for the original formulator of PHC. For this, the works of Marx, Engels, Lenin, Gramsci, Snyders and Vieira Pinto were initially used, pointed out by Saviani as the main sources that he adopted in the formulation of this pedagogy that he understood as counter-hegemonic. Subsequently, we sought to understand what conscience is to Marxism to, finally articulate the concept of critical-philosophical awareness with the “steps” or “moments” of the PHC method, seeking to highlight how critical-philosophical awareness is present in each of them. The main thesis defended is that the critical-philosophical conscience occupies a central position in Historical-Critical Pedagogy, and that, in spite of that, few academic works have dealt with this theme. Based on that, more studies can be done to find out how the philosophical conscience, referred to in this research with Saviani's referendum of “critical-philosophical conscience”, has implications for the so-called final social practice, which in PHC is always a new starting point to the educational process guided by it and the subject that participates in it, it is believed, is at a qualitatively higher level due to the educational work to which it was submitted.
Otimização dos custos de produção de uma empresa de bebidas a partir da realocação da produção utilizando o método de programação linear
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Moraes, João Pedro Gomes de; Furlan, Felipe Fernando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4136352953168873; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9253913417447685
The sum of the operation costs of the 4 factories belonging to a beverage manufacturing company serves as the objective function in this optimization problem, in wich the variables are the production volumes of each product in each factory. Of the 138 products that this company sells, 26 can be produced in many factories and the remaining products can only be produced in one factory. The production costs of a product that can be produced in many factories is different for each factory that can produce it. As a consequence of that, the total operation costs of a production that satisfies the consumer demands may be greater, or smaller depending on how the production volumes are distributed among the factories. This work has the objective of finding the distribution that presents the minimum cost. The Microsoft Excel Solver is used in this work, and it optimizes the system applying the Simplex method. The Python programming language was also used for solving the minimization problem, and it presents the options of applying the Simplex method, as well as the interior-point method. The results of the optimization show na average cost reduction corresponding to 9% of the initial costs and a total cost reduction of R$: 593.709,45 considering the total production.
Avaliação da Cinética de Secagem de Folhas de Pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora L.) em Secador de Micro-Ondas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Kawabata, Elise Yuriko; Ferreira, Maria do Carmo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070885875161111; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6495649931308647
Studies on the chemical composition of pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora L.) leaf, suggest that this species has great economic and medicinal importance. This is because it can be used to produce different extracts with antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities. Since the moisture is responsible for an increase in the metabolic and chemical activities, as well as it promotes physical and chemical changes in the product, drying is commonly used to ensure the quality of the leaves after harvest. The objective of the present study is to dry Eugenia uniflora L. leaves in a microwave dryer and to compare the kinetics and drying rates under different input powers (120, 240 and 360W) for drying with and without vacuum. A vaccum pump was connected to a container inside the microwave chamber to produce a vacuum environment for drying. The tests were performed in duplicates and triplicates. Curves of moisture content as a fucntion of the drying time were analyzed and the drying rates were fitted to empirical equations (Page, Henderson and Pabis and Midilli and Kucuk). The increase in the input power and the use of vacuum contributed to decreasing the drying times. For vacuum-free drying, there was no significant reduction in the drying time as the input power was increased from 240 to 360 W. Predominantly, the drying curves presented only the decreasing drying rate period and Page's equation was the one that best fitted the experimental data.
Modelagem com difusividade efetiva variável via analogia da lei de Fick para a secagem de sementes de Jacaranda mimosifolia em camada delgada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Merlo, Giovanni Raposo de Faria; Maia, Gustavo Dias; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3804133304643228; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7641998220828378
Jacaranda mimosifolia seeds have been studied for different applications due to the composition of their extracts. In addition to having noble wood with high commercial value, it has potential applications in anti-inflammatory remedies, skin treatments and inhibition of cancer cells. Considering this, the objective of this work was to determine the physical characteristics of the seeds and the porous medium formed by them, to determine the desorption isotherms, and to analyze the drying kinetics of Jacaranda mimosifolia seeds in a thin layer. The desorption isotherms were determined by static-gravimetric method and adjusted using the GAB model for temperatures of 20°C, 30°C and 40°C. The modeling of the drying process was performed by an analytical solution of the analogy of the Second Fick's Law, considering humidity effective diffusivity constant. For variable diffusivity, a partial and sequential adjustment technique of the classic analytical solution was proposed. Thin layer drying kinetics were conducted at temperatures of 40°C and 50°C. From the results obtained from the physical characterization, it was possible to determine relevant properties of the seed and bed, also verify that the particle has similar shape and sizes, and forms beds of high porosity. From the adjustment obtained for the desorption isotherms, it was possible to determine the model’s parameters with R2≥0.99 and conclude that, the seed has an unconventional behavior. Regarding drying, the adjustments with constant parameter showed R²≥0.983 and χ²≤1.60x10-3, while with variable parameter R²≥0.998 and χ²≤1.40x10-4, demonstrating the improvement obtained in the randomness of the residues. The proposed sequential adjustment method showed good results, detailing diffusive mass transfer mechanisms and showing promise for application in process control and product quality, in addition to projecting and dimensioning dryers.
Correlação entre a postura em pé durante o trabalho e a dor na coluna lombar e membros inferiores em trabalhadoras de limpeza e cuidadoras de idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Souza, Gabriel Aguiar; Cardoso, Viviane de Freitas; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0093888387165501; Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3456494998257229; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2378863890472348
Standing posture during work has been associated with musculoskeletal symptoms. However, few studies assess standing time using objective measures. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify whether standing time at work is associated with low back and lower limbs pain in the last seven days and 12 months in elderly caregivers and cleaners. This is a cross-sectional study. Standing time at work was quantified using inclinometers attached to the workers’ thigh and spine. Musculoskeletal symptoms were assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the point biserial correlation (rpb) between standing time at work and the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms. The analyzes were performed using the SPSS software and the level of significance adopted was 5%. Workers spend most of their time standing still (41.3%) or walking (39.3%). There was a positive correlation between the presence of symptoms in the lower back and standing time (rpb=0.52; p<0.05). There was a negative correlation between walking time and symptoms at the hip (12 months) (rpb=-0.53; p<0.05) and running time and symptoms at the hip (seven days) (rpb=-0.43; p<0.05) and lower back (rpb=-0.43; p<0.05). Longer standing time was correlated with the presence of symptoms in the lower back. Meanwhile, more time walking and running correlated with the absence of musculoskeletal symptoms in the lumbar spine and hips.
Uso do óxido de cobalto (II) como aditivo em refratários aluminosos densos conformados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Leijoto, Jonas Moreira; Pagliosa Neto, Carlos; Gomes, Janaina Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6718634914051168; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9302847012978372
The refractories are technical ceramics which main feature is to keep its shape and do not melt when subject to high temperatures and/or harsh environments. For these reasons, the refractories have been used as industrial equipments lining as in iron and steel, glass, cement and polymers processing. Due to the rising demand for increased production and waste reduction, the refractory industry has the interest to develop more resistant products with lower consumption rate. Based on magnesium aluminate spinel action, the cobaltic oxide II has shown a promising use as additive for alumina reaction producing cobaltic aluminate spinel and solid solution formed with magnesium oxide. The addition of CoO as additive has indicated some properties improvement at lowest temperatures (up to 1000 ºC), including higher cold crushing strength at cured sample for hydrated phase formation, however, at highest temperatures (1400 – 1600 ºC), the over spinel formation has damaged the microstructure of the additived sample. Due the intense blue color of CoAl2O4, it has aroused interest as location indicator and, indirectly, as temperature indicator during service.
Potencialidades da aplicação do processo Fenton e foto-Fenton homogêneo no tratamento de águas residuárias em diferentes escalas operacionais: Uma revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Machado, Felipe; Ruotolo, Luís Augusto Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6167735734348703; não me foi informado.; xxxx
Pollution of water resources, caused in large part by inadequate effluent disposal, is currently one of the major problems that the global and scientific community has been trying to mitigate. In addition, conventional wastewater treatment processes have low degradation efficiency for a variety of recalcitrant and toxic components that remain present after their treatment, thus increasing the magnitude of the problem. As an alternative to this problem, advanced oxidative processes (AOPs) appear that use species with high oxidation power, such as the hydroxyl radical, to degrade and mineralize a wide variety of organic compounds refractory to biological treatments. Among the main AOPs studied by the scientific community, the Fenton and photo-Fenton processes stand out due to their simplicity. This work aims to evaluate the potential of the Fenton and photo-Fenton process in the treatment of wastewater at different operational scales from academic works, books, files available on the internet and renowned and peer-reviewed scientific articles available in the databases Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Scielo, Google Scholar and Capes Journals. With the selected materials, a brief description was made about wastewater, wastewater treatment, AOPs and the Fenton and photo-Fenton processes, in addition to the relationship between AOPs and wastewater treatment. This review also identifies and analyzes the main chemical and photochemical reactors and the main parameters involved in these processes and, finally, illustrates with some examples the use of these oxidative processes on pilot and real scales. With the present work it was possible to verify that the Fenton process is already a reality in the treatment of effluents in full scale and that the costs with the reagents are the main bottlenecks of the process for scaling up.
Análise de falha em materiais metálicos: uma abordagem complexa utilizando PLS-SEM
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Bertaia, Artur Pantano Buck; Antonialli, Armando Ítalo Sette; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4367459395417045; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0846395519257873
Metallic materials may fail due to several reasons and at different ways. In general, it is common to be verified overload (ductile or fragile) or fatigue. These failures always let evidences that can explain their natures when investigated. This work utilizes case studies on failure analysis of steel parts to feed a structural model and, by the statistical method of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), describes failures in a general and wide approach. As a result, a model was developed but its evaluation parametes, both regarding model and method, did not reach the specified values of the literature to provide statistical relevance. Although this result has not been completely satisfactory, it has to be highlighted that no work relating PLS-SEM and failure analysis was found in the literature. That way, some improvement opportunities were observed and may be implemented in future works aiming to guarantee the referred relevance.
Biomarcadores moleculares e a recuperação funcional no pós-acidente vascular cerebral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Pacheco, Cássia Regina Saade; Russo, Thiago Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2755480908047791; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2832315003901953
Molecular biomarkers have proved important biological signalers, potential markers in the diagnosis and prognosis of stroke. More common in ischemic than hemorrhagic form, generalizing metabolomics and proteomics in both types of stroke can be a mistake, making biomarkers studies for each of them important. Present in biological fluids, such as blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid and saliva, the biomarker when identified in the acute or chronic phase can assist in immediate actions and in directing the treatment of the disease and in functional physical recovery. Studies had shown that high levels of adiponectin are relayed with sarcopenia and cardiovascular diseases, without strokes, their levels were high in post-stroke levels compared to non-strokes, but it was not associated with skeletal muscle mass. Objectives: To investigate adiponectin levels in body composition, lipid levels and physical activity in chronic stroke. Searching in the literature biomarkers hemorrhagic stroke predictors of prognosis of functional physical recovery. Methodology: Two studies were conducted: 1) A correlational cross-sectional pilot study with chronic hemipartic (stroke ≥ 6 months), age ≥ 18 years, for analysis of body mass by electrical bioimpedance (InBody® 720) and lipid profile with analysis by automated method (CELL-DYN Ruby); activity level measured by accelerometer (StepWatch®) and serum adiponectin concentration using enzyme immunoabsorption assay kit (ELISA). 2) Systematic peer review, following prisma recommendations in PubMed, CINAHL, Web OF Science and EMBASE databases. A search was made for studies with hemorrhagic stroke and molecular biomarkers present in the blood, urine, saliva and cerebrospinal fluid, collected up to 72 hours post-icto, linked to functional recovery. Results: The ADPc study included 21 post-stroke participants who had the biomarker correlated with: weight (rs = -0.73), body mass index (rs = -0.50), skeletal muscle mass (rs = -0.78), skeletal muscle mass index (rs = -0.75) and high-density lipoprotein (rs = 0.43). The search for a systematic review gathered 61 studies and 79 biomarkers, 52 biomarkers considered predictors, 18 non-predictors and 9 with controversial results. Conclusion: Adiponectin at high levels is related to decreased skeletal muscle mass and a higher level of high-density lipoprotein in chronic post-stroke individuals. Most of the biomarkers found with the possibility of predicting functional recovery after hemorrhagic stroke did not present clear recommendations for the identification of the most promising and consistent biomarker due to the heterogeneity of the molecules studied.
Análise estatística de dados ultrassônicos para a seleção de características da alvenaria que comprometem sua estabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Rodrigues, Renan Vinicius; Paz, Rosineide Fernando da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0773010734982168; Zuanetti, Daiane Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8352484284929824; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8696226923700576
The stability of buildings is a concern that is gaining more and more focus in the current world, since knowing whether the masonry of a particular building is compromised reduces the chances that it will cause economic losses and / or risk the health and safety of people who attend it. For the modifications to the structures to be minimal when analyzing the stability of a construction, non-destructive tests using ultrasonic waves appear as a useful tool to check the condition of a masonry and, if applied to constructions with different characteristics, allow to study how these characteristics modify the speed of propagation of the wave inside and how they interfere in the stability of the construction. In this work, therefore, we analyze and identify which aspects (bricks, grout or interface of both; presence or not of voids on the walls and the height of the measurement in relation to the ground) most impact the speed of the ultrasonic waves inside the walls and, consequently, we verify how the wave behavior reflects the stability of the construction.
Avaliação de propostas de recuperação paralela aplicadas na disciplina de cinética e reatores químicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-15) Gonçalves, Gustavo Ferreira; Ferreira Palhares, Adriana Paula; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5736423072715628; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6104538885664569
The Kinetics and Chemical Reactors course is one of the main pillars of a chemical engineer's training, differentiated from the other unitary operations of a chemical process by Octave Levenspiel in 1974. Taught to students of the 5th period of the bachelor degree in Chemical Engineering at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), the course has 6 credits and 90h workload. The menu is extensive and complex, contemplating the topics of homogeneous and catalytic reactions in heterogeneous phase, chemical kinetics, analysis of kinetic parameters, calculation and modeling of ideal batch, continuous and semi-continuous reactors, among other important topics. The parallel recovery is based on applying punctual recoveries in all evaluative activities throughout the semester, so that the student has the opportunity to revisit a content that presents difficulties, recover the content lagged and have progressive gains throughout the subject; and presents several benefits, such as ensuring that all students finish the subject with the necessary understanding of the contents, leveling of the concluding classes, respect for the learning process of the individual, etc. Given the importance of learning the content of Kinetics and Chemical Reactors and the development of skills and competencies in this area, as well as the observance of high retention rates in this discipline, the objective of the present work is to present a proposal of parallel recovery for this discipline based on Method 300, created by Ricardo Fragelli, which consists of an active learning method and humanized evaluation that promotes maximum collaboration between students, in order to awaken a look at the difficulties and complications of each individual during the learning process. For the elaboration of the proposal, a case study was used that had already been carried out with a class of the subject offered in 2017, when the parallel recovery based on the 300 Method was applied experimentally; besides the follow-up and analysis of the parallel recovery applied in the class of 2020/1 that, because of the pandemic of the new SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19), was offered in the emergency non-presential teaching form (ENPE). Thus, the proposal was elaborated for application in classroom teaching at a later moment, but this work followed and analyzed other applications of the parallel recovery in the class of the current semester. Thus, the proposal can be applied both in person and in hybrid, with activities both in person and at a distance, since the "new normal" is already a reality and the academic teaching structures will need to adapt to these social changes. The final proposal encompasses several recovery activities, which fit into the most diverse moments of the student's learning journey, and which promotes a more humane assessment and promotes a more solid and meaningful learning, which has much adherence to the profile of the student who is currently at university, both in the Kinetics and Chemical Reactors discipline and in other disciplines of the undergraduate course.