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Entre aplausos, vaias e terra: uma análise da construção do discurso polêmico em torno do uso de agrotóxicos no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-31) Quirino, Mayara; Baronas, Roberto Leiser; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5757014064574939
The discussion around the use of agrochemicals have become intense after the approval of the Law Project 6299 from 2002 – PL6299-2002, named as the Agrochemical Law, by a Commission of the House of Representatives in the year of 2018. Another discussed question was the intention of changing the name “agrochemical” to “pesticide”, which drives us to reflect upon discursive memory and amemory. Considering this panorama, this paper has the objective of analyzing how the discursive construction happens around the polemic of the use of agrochemicals in Brazil, mainly in what concerns nomenclatures. The corpus of study is composed by news about the agrochemicals question, presenting arguments both favorable and against the topic. The research is based in the French Discourse Analysis from the ideas of Maingueneau. We also used the recent discussions of Ruth Amossy (2017) around the argumentative character of the polemic discourse and the contributions by Marie-Anne Paveau (2015) about the concept of discursive amemory. Throughout the analysis, using a diachronic path, we identified linguistics and argumentative choices that are articulated in the building and propagation of the polemic in question. A blend was made among qualitative analyses and data generated from the program of textual treatment called Logiciel AntConc. This software allowed us to organize all the material that we believed to be essential for the study. We concluded that, besides the fact that Brazil has built a strong negative image in relation to the agrochemical in its discourses through history, the media does not follow this line of thoughts. There are more materials that are favorable than against, and even the impartial people, when we deepen the analysis, reveal a more prone argument toward the pro-agrochemical discourse. Besides that, we observed that the terms related to agrochemicals are not synonyms, but actually arguments of ideological groups, and that the media did not give the due attention that the question of the nomenclature deserves in the analyzed piece.
Agrotóxicos: uma revisão sobre a história, sua classificação, usos e impactos ambientais com enfoque na agroecologia e na inovação aberta como alternativas sustentáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-31) Florido, Anna Laura Lionello; Urban, Roberta Cerasi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7313670290572985; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7636124786998295
Pesticides are mentioned with great frequency in the media, and scientific articles, presenting positive and negative points about them. This work aimed to review general information about pesticides, presenting some definitions, classifications, applications and toxicities. Moreover, the consequences of the indiscriminate use of pesticides and the new technologies were analyzed. A new economy model that takes advantage of open innovation is also discussed, in which cooperation between large companies, startups and universities can directly contribute to more sustainable solutions and better use of resources. It is concluded with this review that the use of pesticides were/are essential for agricultural production, but that there are new technologies, as agroecology, that enable sustainable production.
A escrita de cartas no processo (des)formativo de mulheres nas ciências: um olhar para as singularidades e subjetividades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-31) Branco, Gabriela de Oliveira; Souza, Carolina Rodrigues de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8152101475247049; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7228541530380277
The course conclusion work in question encouraged students from a Science Internship Orientation discipline in a Biological Sciences Degree course at UFSCar campus Sorocaba to write pedagogical letters. In a course where little is thought about subjectivities and emotions, the writing of letters allowed women to approach their teacher training process and academic trajectory, revealing how they see their own bodies in this space based on their individual experiences. The writing of letters, even with a recipient, also allows the writing of oneself, thus, the reports allow us to reflect on the construction of the scientific space, problematizing this medium when we bring up the bodies that compose it and what the rationality of science prevents being said about them.
Efeitos do exercício aeróbio de baixa intensidade e de longa duração no músculo psoas de camundongos mdx: modelo experimental da Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-31) Sigoli, Emilly; Cornachione, Anabelle Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0547232657871313; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8546202319554974
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a hereditary muscle disease caused by a mutation in the X chromosome, characterized by the absence of dystrophin protein. This deficiency causes instability and loss of sarcolemma integrity, causing recurrent lesions in muscle fibers and loss of function. As time passes, fibers lose their ability to regenerate, which can be related to the depletion of satellite cells (SC). SC are essential in muscle regeneration processes. In response to stimuli such as growth or trauma, quiescent SC are activated, proliferate and differentiate into myoblasts so that the damage caused can be repaired. SC express myogenic markers that make it possible to identify them in the different phases of tissue repair. Objectives:Evaluation of the effects of low-intensity aerobic exercise on the population of satellite cells, on the distribution and trophism of different types of fibers and on the expression of PGC-1α of the psoas muscle of mdx mice, after 37 training sessions.Results: The morphological aspects of the mdx animals indicated significant changes such as variation in the size of the fibers, nuclear centralization, necrosis, among others. In the quantitative analysis, it was possible to observe a reduction in the number of SC and in the expression of PGC-1α in the psoas muscles of the mdx animals. On the other hand, after a long period of training, it was observed an improvement in the cytoarchitecture of the fibers, an increase in the proportion of quiescent satellite cells/activation, an increase in PGC-1α expression and an increase in the diameter in trained dystrophic mice (MDX-TR) when compared to sedentary dystrophic ones (MDX-SED). Conclusion: Low-intensity aerobic training over a long period seems to be able to improve the cytoarchitecture and increase the activation of satellite cells in the psoas muscle of mdx mice, as well as activate signaling pathways that promote an increase in oxidative metabolism, which represents a viable therapeutic route for the treatment of DMD.
O discurso sobre a internacionalização das universidades brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-31) Nakamura, Ádria Ramos Lustosa; Brito, Luiz André Neves de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6863292359239733; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5725650177718368
The idea of internationalization has aroused the interest of university institutions, national governments and international organizations involved with higher education (DE WIT, 1998; DE WIT et al., 2017; KNIGHT, 2012) since the decade of 1990. This interest has been consolidated as a recurring object of scientific investigation (BERRY; TAYLOR, 2014; DOLBY; RAHMAN, 2008; KEHM; TEICHLER, 2007; YEMINI; SAGIE, 2015) in order to broaden the understanding of a complex social phenomenon that involves different motivations, stages, forms of manifestation and consequences (KNIGHT, 2004; 2015). From the moment universities enabled the collective construction of regional knowledge that would allow them to critically face the challenges posed to societies in a phase of globalized economy, researchers and their institutions began to think outside national boundaries and took on transnational/international approaches. In this context, one nation stands out: the American, the most influential among the large economies and, consequently, its official language, the English language, which is also reflected in the scope of research and extension within universities. Thus, there is a need to train university students, who are not yet proficient in the English language, to act in this context. In this thesis, we present some programs and actions that have been implemented within Brazilian universities in recent years (2011-2018) in relation to internationalization. Our analysis will focus on the discursive construction of Internationalization in government documents that formalized internationalization programs for Brazilian universities, a specific enunciative series from an archive of public policies in education in Brazil. They are: a decree and four ordinances from the Ministry of Education (MEC) dealing with the institutionalization of the CsF, IsF and Languages without borders programs, and two more reports, one being the Capes report on the internationalization of Brazilian universities and the other a national report of English proficiency in the IsF program, and, finally, the Capes-Print Public Notice, totaling eight documents. For this, we will discuss the notions of archival and interpretation and will take, as the main categories of our analysis, the said and unsaid, subject-positions, discursive formations, discursive memory, meaning and interdiscourse effects, among other categories related to Discourse Analysis with a Pecheuxtian basis. After the discursive analysis of these documents, we do not seek to present a meaning, a discursive subject or a subject-position; on the contrary, we aim to understand the effects of the emergence of the internationalization of Brazilian universities in public policies of internationalization from the discursive functioning of the syntagma "internationalization" in the documents that make up our corpus, knowing that, within the theoretical-methodological perspective of Discourse Analysis (AD), discourse is not a mere transmission of information, but a process of production of meaning effects that constitutes “in the functioning of language, which relates subjects and senses affected by language and history” (ORLANDI, 2013 p .21).
Análise, modelagem e controle de um conversor CC-CC, não isolado, elevador entrelaçado - abaixador, para conexão de sistemas fotovoltaicos na rede monofásica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-31) Taconelli, Mauricio; Machado, Ricardo Quadros; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3927458584410491; Gonçalves, Amilcar Flamarion Querubini; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1742343294433199; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5572332640660083
The increasing incorporation of alternative energy sources into the electrical system, despite its advantages, raises a wide range of new challenges, and it is in this context that power electronics devices start to play a fundamental role. Based on this consideration, this dissertation analyzed a model of DC-DC converter derived from the Interleaved Boost converter cascaded with Buck converter which can operate as step-up or as step-down converter for applications in photovoltaic grid-tie systems through a unfolding inverter. Thus, the principles of operation, circuit configuration and modeling in state space of the converter will be presented for each mode of operation. Subsequently, the methodology for dimensioning the passive elements is presented and, then, analyzes related to the influence of the losses of these elements on the converter gain are performed. Thereafter, the control architecture for the system connected to the power grid was designed based on the concept of time-sharing and, therefore, only one of the high frequency stages of the operation at a time. Finally, simulations are carried out, for different operating scenarios, with the objective of verifying performance and validating the proposed theoretical model.