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Purposes and choices on the characterization of fossil samples: parameter test and analytical techniques applied to the comparison of different substrates
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-15) Silva, Natália Cantuária da; Pacheco, Mírian Liza Alves Forancelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3481327026891705; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8650428123430088
Historically, paleontology has been concerned with observational and explanatory issues regarding fossils. However, with the advancement of science and technology, a new field has been structured within this area: paleometry. This interdisciplinary effort seeks to understand how we can use a bulk of techniques in order to access information and interpret data on fossil record. The understanding of limitations and complementarities among techniques can clarify purposes and choices in paleontological research. Despite its contribution, paleometry as a science still needs to be further developed in technical terms. Here, we analyze sediments (sand and clay), rocks (siltstone and sandstone) and fossils (plants and insects) to compare and correlate patterns presented during the use of techniques that can facilitate the researcher's work, such as the use of high tensions related to the use of coating that allows us to see the sample in greater depth during the use of the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), as well as observations that the gradual increase in tensions is related to a greater detection of elements in the Spectroscopy of Dispersive Energy (EDS) and its correlation with trace elements found in X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF).
Método para contagem de plantas de milho baseado no processamento digital de imagens multiespectrais utilizando Drones em ambiente de campo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-15) Veramendi, Wilbur Naike Chiuyari; Cruvinel, Paulo Estevão; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924553462118511; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3835651092184780
The processing of multispectral images acquired with an embedded camera in unmanned aerial vehicles (Drones) has brought new opportunities for precision agriculture. In such a context, this work presents a method for evaluating the emergence of corn seeds (Zea mays L.) in a crop area. For validation a database of spectral images has been organized from flights over a real agricultural area, and digital image processing techniques have been applied, i.e., taking into account the concept of intelligent processing. Therefore, the image processing techniques based on pattern recognition and models to aid decision making by using machine learning were also used. In addition, after images acquisition it has been used the processing of the orthomosaics in the spectral channels, i.e., red (R), green (G) and blue (B), being possible to register and organize all the images. Likewise, for the pre-processing stage, techniques for geometric transformations, brightness and contrast adjustments were also evaluated in a global way, while local adjustments were evaluated based on the use of adaptive equalization techniques, which were explored in the color spaces (YCbYcr), (HSV) and (CIELAB). For the post-processing step, it has been considered a segmentation based on the best observed color threshold technique together with Gaussian filtering and morphological operations. To enable the pattern recognition step, techniques that use distance maps were evaluated considering the use of Euclidean Distance (DE). Thus, the location of canopy patterns in maize plants was studied with a template matching algorithm and a Chamfer pattern mask. For the feature extraction steps, the chain code and circular pattern map techniques have been considered. The analyses made it possible to establish vectors of features based on the patterns related to the number of emergence occurrences for the maize seeds. Finally, two calibration steps have been considered, one of them related to the plant height versus the canopy opening radius, and other related to the number of seeds planted into soil for each position in the crop area versus the identified radii by the developed model. Last, but not least, the classification step has been established, using a set of classifiers based on Support Vector Machine (SVM), and the developed method, proved to be adequate for counting the seeds of the maize plants in the post-emergence stage.
Objetos intermídia na poesia concreta de Décio Pignatari
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-15) Bomfim, Monalisa Medrado; Marques, Wilton José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5763590592946918; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7171053176602826
Décio Pignatari (1927-2012) was the most irreverent one of the trio of concrete poets that he composed with the brothers Haroldo and Augusto de Campos. Pignatari boldness lies in satire, but also in the multiadialogue of media, which he experiences through the exploration of different supports in intermedia poems. Considering that Pignatari helped to found the Association Internationale de Sémitique in France, in 1969, and he followed an interdisciplinary academic pathway, it was admitted that, in relation to the media, Pignatari was the most experimental of the concretes. Therefore, this work focused on experimental poetic aspects of Pignatari through different media, thus understanding them as intermedia objects. This work’s aime was to investigate the Pignatari’s intermedia objects in its orthodox and participant phases, interpreting them in terms of technomodern, criticism and erotic elements. It demonstrated in poetic practice what Lucia Santaella already advocates in her theory, which is, concrete poetry is a precursor of contemporary digital poetry. The first stage of this work discussed the concept of intermediality, based on the texts of Claus Clüver and Ernst Gombrich; the second part prioritized the analysis from orthodox phase poems, um movimento (1956), hombre hambre hembra (1957) and caviar (1959), in written and oral supports; and the third part was dedicated to analysis from poems considered here as participant phase poems, such as beba coca cola (1957) and organismo (1960), in written, audio and audiovisual supports. The poems were analyzed regarding the new sensorial experiences provided by the practices of voice and body performance associated with the different supports experienced. This work had the intention to bring Décio Pignatari’s poetry to the field of inscription support analysis, suggesting an active dialogue with the digital contemporary.