Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2023-03-14"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 18 de 18

Estudo sobre a viabilidade de substituição de materiais virgens por reciclados em cabides injetados de polipropileno e poliestireno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Mendonça, Iuri do Carmo; Bernardo, André; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708
The world economy was and still is supported by a linear model of production, where the entire production chain follows a logic of extracting, transforming, producing and discarding. However, this model will not be sustainable for a long time, so new efforts are being applied in the circular economy, where “discard” in the linear economy is replaced by “recycle”. One of the great challenges of this new economy is, without a doubt, the recycling of plastic, especially polypropylene and polystyrene thermoplastics, which are produced and consumed on a large scale, due to their low cost and great utility. Some of the benefits of recycling are: preservation of natural resources, reduction of environmental pollution, and reduction in the cost of producing items that does not need to work with virgin materials. Therefore, this work sought to analyze the feasibility of replacing virgin materials with recycled ones in injected polypropylene and polystyrene products. The polypropylene materials were prepared and injected in the following mass proportions: 100%V, 50%V/ 50%R1, 100%R1, 75%R1/ 25%R2, 50%R1/ 50%R2, 25%R1/ 75 %R2 and 100%R2, where V represents virgin material, R1 first recycling and R2 second recycling. Those made of crystal polystyrene were prepared as follows: 100%V, 75%V/ 25R, 50%V/ 50%R, 25%V/ 75%R, 100%R, where V represents the virgin material and R the recycled material. A system was created where the samples were then submitted to home tests that simulated a bending test. The injected samples were compared to each other in the visual aspect, in the measure of their displacement in relation to the center of the hanger and, also, in the classification of the presented deformations, elastic, plastic or rupture. In the PP tests, the samples did not have much variation in their visual appearance, unlike the PS tests. In addition, some recycled mixtures of both PP and PS proved to be more resistant than the 100%V material. In the PP samples, the 3 types of deformation occurred (plastic, elastic and rupture), on the other hand, in the PS tests, plastic deformation was not observed, but the PS hangers reacted similarly to the flexion tests, regardless of the composition of recycled material in the mix. Finally, it was possible to conclude that for weights of up to 1 kg (usual clothes), for PP hangers, the sample that presented the best cost-benefit to replace PP 100%V was 100%R2, with an estimated reduction of 55%. As for the PS, replacement was indicated only if another product was created, with an estimated cost reduction of 47%.
Implementação de plano de APPCC em um parque bioenergético de produção de etanol neutro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Santos, Natanael Augusto Fonseca dos; Bernardo, André; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9345-3361
The development, implementation and operation of physical-chemical processes, regardless of the raw materials, equipment and technologies used, has risks associated with all stages. Especially in the chemical industry, there are great dangers in relation to the receipt of materials, production, storage and transport, whether inputs or the final product, which can directly influence the quality of the final product. The ethanol production process emerged in Brazil at the beginning of the 20th century and is currently competitive in the domestic and foreign markets, in addition to being well-established in terms of equipment structure and production methods. There are several technical specifications for the sale of this product, including industrial ethanol, fuel ethanol and neutral ethanol. When marketing products that will be used directly by the final consumer, without further treatment, it is necessary to establish controls and monitoring that guarantee the safety of the food. The proposed Graduation Work presented aims to analyze the Implementation of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points Plan (HACCP) in an ethanol producing plant from the perspective of a Chemical Engineering professional. The HACCP Plan was implemented from the fermentation stage to product loading, identifying all hazards associated with the process and developing control methods for critical points not controlled by the Prerequisite Program. The food safety of the ethanol production process is highly controlled through the PRP, however adaptations to the process are necessary to ensure that no danger poses a risk to the consumer. In the present work, a critical control point was identified, inserting a unit operation sufficient to guarantee the elimination of the risk associated with the presence of metal fragments in the raw materials and products.
Rochagem: a aplicação de pó de rocha como alternativa sustentável aos fertilizantes agrícolas no Brasil: uma revisão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Correia, Raíssa Tavares; Rotta, Cláudia Marisse dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8142167187580488; ttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6628883261403290
Brazil has progressively consolidated itself into an agro-export economy. It is a known fact that as agricultural production increases, the consumption of chemical fertilizers intensifies. About 80% of the fertilizer consumed in the country is imported, and 5% of the amount produced in Brazil is exported to nearby countries. Stonemeal, term applied to evidence the technique of natural soil fertilization with the use of rock dust, emerges as an excellent and sustainable alternative to conventional agricultural fertilizers, once Brazil has an exceptional geodiversity, presenting distinguished types of rocks with different particularities in different locations; in addition, rock powder is advantageous in the social and environmental sphere. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to carry out a survey of data from the specialized literature, in order to compile and compare the results obtained regarding the efficiency and importance of stonemeal. In order to develop this work, an extensive bibliographical research was carried out. At first, academic works, dissertations, articles, books, annals and theses were gathered. The main databases consulted were Google Scholar; Scielo and Science Direct. Based on the analyzed works, it was verified that the stonemeal contributes to the rehabilitation and preservation of soil properties, in addition to reduce the application of chemical inputs, mainly those aggregated in formulas with high solubility. In general, the application of rock dust as an alternative to conventional fertilizers is ecologically and economically effective.
A evolução humana nas mídias sociais: representações e contribuições para a educação em ciências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Alves, Julio Miguel Domingues da Silva; Carnio, Michel Pisa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0198207700485715; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5620342831543169
Research shows that social media is responsible for the growth in the population's access to information about science and technology. Scientific dissemination can be a teaching tool and its content is present on social media, making it possible to find texts, images and videos on any subject in biology, including human evolution. The use of scientific dissemination texts on human evolution allows for countless discussions that permeate the scope of teaching evolution, as well as aspects that go beyond the discipline of biology. In the following research we seek to characterize the social representations of human evolution conveyed in the digital media that students access. Representation is a set of values, beliefs, information and attitudes crystallized in social media on the topic of human evolution. We used a questionnaire to identify the sources that students access and subsequently selected twelve texts from the most cited sources to be analyzed. The methodology used was content analysis. We used the model of the central core theory of social representations to characterize the structure of the representation of human evolution, which presented the Darwinian view of evolution as the central core, with natural selection, adaptation and evolution as the main concepts. On the periphery of representation we find distorted views of evolution, such as teleology and transformism, and peripheral concepts such as common descent. The contributions to science education permeate a reflection on the use of the analyzed texts in human evolution teaching activities. The texts do not present conceptual rigor, do not present references to the studies cited, and some texts are copies of content from other internet sites. Despite the low quality of content, the texts present questions to attract readers' attention, such as presenting ideas about future changes in human bodies and societies. Even so, we highlight the possibility of the articulation of fragments related to the concept of adaptation being explored in didactic sequences in the teaching approach using conceptual profiles. The adaptation must follow the criteria established within the teaching objectives that the teacher chooses. We concluded that the results of the work brought an interesting view of the level of information that students consume, however, we cannot say that students represent and share the views brought by the sources they access. We point out that teaching human evolution can go beyond the origin and dispersion of man, themes that are traditionally suggested by educational curricula. Finally, we conclude that the subject of human evolution goes beyond the limits of the discipline of biology and interdisciplinary articulation can contribute to its teaching.
Pode o Currículo Paulista contribuir no enfrentamento das Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis na educação nas prisões?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Carvalho, Raul Wallace Amorim; Silva, Antonio Fernando Gouvea da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9621931288117213; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8641983766751843
The work evaluates the conditions of the Currículo Paulista, a guiding document for basic education in the State of São Paulo, to contribute to the fight against STIs - Sexually Transmitted Infections in education in prisons. The objective of this work is to evaluate whether a document produced for regular education can contribute to education in prisons based on the proposal of liberating education defended by Paulo Freire. It is justified by the low number of academic productions focused on education in prisons, as well as the demarcation that it is a work of resistance in the current situation. The research presents a brief survey of the history of the implementation of education in prisons as a right and public policy and its characteristics in the State of São Paulo. It briefly discusses the role of science teaching for young people and adults and the relevance of the debate on Sexually Transmitted Infections in prison education. The methodology adopted for the work is that of document analysis based on bibliographical analysis of the concepts criticality, reality and dialogue according to the work of Paulo Freire. The result demonstrates that the curriculum was not proposed to be applied in youth and adult education, much less for prison education, and therefore it is unable to provide subsidies in this space. Added to this is the fact that the Currículo Paulista is part of the neoliberal education reforms that aim to destroy public education as a right, so it does not aim to emancipate subjects or promote an education focused on social justice.
A criança e o brincar: direitos e vivências na Educação Infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Carvalho, Claudineia Luvison de Castro; Camargo, Andreia Regina de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0936098182171676; Santos, Maria Walburga dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2954227254025696; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8727746479989311
The main focus of this study is to understand how children play at daycare centers. The research sought to observe how children play individually, in pairs or in groups, as well as the materials available for play. The research was carried out during one month, with the Daycare II class, with children between 3 and 4 years old, in the several spaces of the daycare where I work as an educational assistant, located in the countryside of the state of São Paulo. I used as a theoretical reference the current laws regarding Early Childhood Education, especially the National Curriculum Guidelines for Early Childhood Education (BRASIL, 2009) and the Criteria for a Day Care that respects the Fundamental Rights of Children (CAMPOS; ROSEMBERG, 2009). The work seeks to strengthen the idea of playing as a child's right and as a guiding axis of the pedagogical proposal in early childhood education, understanding how children play in daycare and contributing to the improvement of pedagogical practices.
Impactos da pandemia do COVID-19 na fase de alfabetização de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Alves, Bruno Kauai Sespede; Elias, Nassim Chamel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3097908087339624
Humanity was taken by surprise in early 2020 by the COVID-19 pandemic. the routine of the majority of the population was broken and everyone had to reorganize themselves for a new daily life. The disruption of routine and classes may cause damage to children in their literacy phase and especially to individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), which we were able to observe during the research and will observe more results in the future. The present research aimed to identify possible impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the literacy of children with ASD. The survey was quantitative in nature, in the form of online structured questions. Participants were seven mothers of boys with ASD. The results indicated that there were impacts in different areas of children's development, mainly in communication, lack of concentration and they showed greater irritability. It is concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic affected several areas of the daily life of children with ASD, hindering essential processes for their literacy and development.
Análise e resolução de desvios no processo de fermentação para produção de etanol hidratado em uma usina sucroalcooleira "X" no noroeste paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Alexandrino, Guilherme; Bernardo, André; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9345-3361
The indiscriminate use of non-renewable energy sources, like petroleum and coal has been dramatically reducing the fossil fuel sources and causing serious environmental damage, such as the worsening of the natural greenhouse effect, the well known global warming due to the excessive release of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), among other greenhouse gases, like the methane, on the atmosphere. This fact has drawn attention to the importance of sustainable development, achieving na intense change in the global energy matrix, thus amplifying the use of renewable energies, such as Wind, solar, biomass, among others. In this scenario, ethanol production stands out in Brazil, concentrated in the South-central region of the country, and using sugarcane as main raw material. The country is the second largest producer in the world, accounting for 29.6% of the ethanol used in the world, second only to the United States, which provides 54.4% of the total. However, despite being behind the US, Brazil has a great advantage by producing ethanol from sugarcane, in relation to the USA, whose main raw material is corn, because sugarcane is one of the oldest and most consolidated crops in the country, dating since its colonization and, today, with all technologies developed over the years it is possible to produce about twice as much ethanol per planted area of sugarcane than corn. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the indicators of the fermentation process for the production of hydrated ethanol fuel and its most relevant deviations in crop 22'23 in a sugar-alcohol plant "X" in northwestern São Paulo, with its general characteristics and particularities, as well as the action plans taken for the resolution of each deviation and for the normalization of performance indexes, analyzing, especially, the concentration of yeast cream at the exit of the wine centrifuges and yeast flocculation, as well as the relationship between these parameters, the main causes of their variations and the corrective measures adopted.
Estudo do sistema de alimentação de matéria-prima em uma indústria de fórmulas infantis e suplementos em pó
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Barros, Natasha Bruna Alves; Queiroz, João Paulo Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7316247674511327
With population growth and modernization of society, the food industry has adapted to ever-increasing and personalized demands. One of the segments that characterize this modernization is powdered supplements, created to provide a desired combination of nutrients in a single product. In this scenario, one of the most popular branches of powdered compounds are infant formulas, designed to complement or replace breastfeeding. Infant formulas are a synthetic version of breast milk, so vitamins, carbohydrates and proteins are combined for proper nutrition of the child. In this context, an industry of formulas and powdered supplements made a change in the raw material supply system in order to increase production efficiency and maintain competitiveness in the market. In this change, a new silo with greater capacity was installed, making it possible to supply the equipment with larger bags, speeding up production. In this way, this work consists of a case study in which parameters such as pressure, flow and velocity were evaluated, and a comparison of scenarios was carried out in the supply of a source of carbohydrates. In addition, concepts such as flow factor were used to evaluate the feeding system. Finally, it was concluded that with the permanence of structural characteristics in both silos, only the vertical pressure changed. However, gains in process quality were discussed, due to the minimization of human interference, as well as optimization of the workers' routine and increased operational efficiency, due to the increase in the raw material buffer.
Métodos de limpeza de equipamentos industriais: destaque para o sistema CIP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Ferreira, Bianca Santos; Béttega, Vádila Giovana Guerra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0752059622240208
In recent years, sanitaries demands to the production process and the final product, both by government and by consumers, have been growing more and more. One of the requirements, which makes the production and, consequently, the final product safe, it’s the way in which the equipment hygiene for this process it’s accomplished. Therefore, it’s happening an increase in the number of industries that aim to apply a standard process to their respective cleaning system. This because, currently, there are many industries that still have the sanitation done by operators, with manual work, there isn’t a pattern use quantity of cleaning agents, a standard condition time and, when there is some cleaning device installed, many times its efficiency isn’t guaranteed and often the sanitation needs to be complemented by an operator. The trend is the cleaning system to become as automated as possible, using cleaning devices that assure the maximum efficiency needed and no existing demand to use any other intervention at the sanitation process for complement. Besides that, along with the standardization of time and the quantity used of cleaning agents and predefined cleaning programs, it’s possible to decrease the operation costs, environmental impact, the need to disassemble equipment, in addition to assure its cleaning quality and, consequently, in a simple way, the final product quality. Because of that, the cleaning procedure most used, and that applies the criteria mentioned above, it’s the CIP (cleaning in place) system, which it can be implemented in automated plants or semiautomated. Usually, this implementation it’s done and required for food and beverage industries, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, which need to accomplish a high sanitation level. The most common industries to use this system it’s the food and beverage industry, highlighted for the dairies. The CIP system consists of circle around cleaning agents, as alkaline as acids, do properly rinse and no need to disassemble any equipment and, therefore, can guarantee that won’t be any chance for contamination. In view of the above, the current graduation work aimed to carry out a bibliographical survey of the main cleaning industrial equipment methods that are available currently on the market, highlighting the CIP systems, mainly because of its functional efficiency.
Produção de biogás a partir da digestão anaeróbia de águas residuárias: uma revisão sistematizada e bibliométrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Prado, Diana Kaely de Jesus; Rosa, Paula Rúbia Ferreira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4284223404098079; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8817-911X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4595638706981913; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0795-9252
The increase in the temperature of the planet as a result of the greenhouse effect accelerated after the Industrial Revolution due to the increase in the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) by human activity, increasing the frequency of changes in climate and environmental disasters across the globe. Technologies for waste management and bioenergy recovery can contribute to the reduction of GHG emitted into the atmosphere, by supporting the transition to a circular economy. Within this context, an assessment of the development of primary global research on the production of biogas (biomethane) from anaerobic digestion (AD) of wastewater was proposed through a bibliometric analysis of articles published from 1995 to 2022, obtained in an advanced search on the Web of Science platform, reaching a total of 5,430 articles that studied the production of biogas through the wastewater AD in the last 27 years, with the year 2022 having the highest number of publications (557 articles). For the analysis of keywords, a high frequency of use of “wastewater treatment” (377 occurrences) and “sewage sludge” (155 occurrences) was observed in contrast to “energy recovery” (82 occurrences), demonstrating a focus of work, still directed more towards the wastewaters treatment than towards the production of biogas. Elsevier stood out as a publisher, publishing at least 50% of the analyzed articles. Regarding the countries that produced the most studies, China leads with 21% of the publications and among the institutions in which the authors are affiliated, the Chinese Academy of Sciences stood out (232 articles). The authors Bing-Jie Ni from the University of Technology Sydney and Zhiguo Yuan from the University of Queensland stood out both as the ones who published the most and as the most cited, while in the ninth position among those who published the most appeared the researcher Marcelo Zaiat from Brazil. As for the keywords related to wastewater, “wastewater from olive processing” (72 occurrences) stood out, waste that has been seen as a very serious environmental problem due to its high chemical demand for oxygen in the process of stabilization of the organic matter and toxicity. Among the most relevant articles, the main mathematical models for simulating the systems, operating parameters, composition of the medium (wastewater, inoculum, among others), pre-treatment of substrates and performance improvement technologies studied were evaluated, knowing some of the main advances and challenges of biogas production from wastewater AD.
Resíduos oriundos do descarte de painéis fotovoltaicos: propostas atuais para tratamento e desafios para o Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Souza Neto, Antônio Lúcio de Oliveira; Ferreira, Maria do Carmo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070885875161111; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1358331086514084
In light of the growing environmental degradation caused by the use of fossil fuels, solar energy arises as a clean and renewable source of power. This is achieved through the use of photovoltaic panels, which capture solar radiation and convert it into electrical energy. In Brazil, the growth rate of photovoltaic distributed generation has been remarkable, surpassing 200% since 2013. Although photovoltaic panels have a lifespan of about 25 years, the need for replacement raises concerns about the proper disposal protocol for these panels. The presence of hazardous materials, such as lead and cadmium, poses a risk to both the environment and human health if not properly managed. Hence, it is imperative to explore strategies that mitigate these risks. This study reviews the technical-scientific literature on strategies to reduce the waste generated in the disposal of photovoltaic panels, analyzing available data in Brazil and globally. The objectives of this study are to provide context on the contamination potential and its effects on the environment; present and discuss solutions aimed at avoiding waste accumulation; discuss the technical and operational challenges in implementing these solutions in Brazil. The study was based on various sources such as the Scielo database, CAPES periodicals, the CAPES thesis bank, Google Scholar, and commercial websites. The following keywords were used in the search: solar energy, photovoltaic module, electronic waste, EVE, photovoltaic technology, solar panels, recycling, and waste generation. We hope to contribute to raising awareness among users and the general public about the risks associated with increased use of photovoltaic panels; compiling information on existing technologies for managing waste generated from photovoltaic panel disposal in a single and easily accessible document; providing a technical analysis of the proposed technologies. In conclusion, this study serves as a reference source for users of photovoltaic panels, technicians, engineers, and anyone interested in knowing more about the subject.
Estágio supervisionado no contexto do ensino remoto emergencial: uma análise sob a perspectiva de estudantes das licenciaturas de química e física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Oliveira, Samara Sabino de; Silva, Fernanda Keila Marinho da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6390725197649567; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3101932826546532
The present work involves the initial training of teachers in the area of natural sciences, based on internship activities. It is understood, along with different authors, the importance of assuming this activity as something intrinsically related to research, which opposes the common tendency to think of the internship as a mere observation of practice. The central concern of this work is the problematization of "remote internships", a terminology that summarizes the way in which internships are conducted since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to discuss the following research questions: What are the main impressions of future teachers about the remote internship? How does this public evaluate their own training, based on the uniqueness of the remote internship? Is it possible to characterize this term “remote internships”, based on the meanings expressed by future professors/licensing students? To this end, we have the following objectives: 1) to present the perceptions of students about the remote internship; 2) discuss, based on these perceptions and with support from the literature, the potential, scope and problems arising from the remote condition, for the execution of the internship; 3) to assess whether the remote internship enhanced the understanding of the use of information and communication technologies. This is exploratory research, which intends to collect information related to the internship, along with undergraduate students of physics and chemistry. The research carried out showed that the internship under a remote condition enhanced the mastery of Digital Information and Communication Technologies, also signaling the need for effective implementation of public policies for digital inclusion, as well as greater emphasis on instrumentation disciplines related to TDIC. In addition, among the negative aspects experienced according to the impressions of the undergraduates, the lack of interaction with the students stands out, as well as the difficulty in preparing and structuring the internship activities in the virtual environment.
Estudo de viabilidade para a produção de gás de síntese em uma usina de etanol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Fiore, Victor Vasconcellos; Bernardo, André; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9345-3361
One of Brazil's main industries is the sugarcane industry, which has great potential for growth over the years. In this industry, there are several byproducts and wastes generated that are currently not widely used, such as sugarcane bagasse, sugarcane straw, CO 2 produced in fermentation, and vinasse. Over time, the use of these byproducts, especially sugarcane bagasse and vinasse, has been studied to produce different products such as second-generation ethanol, other biofuels, and electricity. Another potential product that can be made in a sugarcane refinery is syngas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen used for fuel synthesis, such as methanol. Syngas can be produced directly or indirectly. An indirect route to the production of syngas in the sugarcane industry would be the capture of carbon dioxide after fermentation and the production of hydrogen through water electrolysis using excess plant energy generated by bagasse burning. These gases would react in a reactor to form syngas, which is part of the concept known as Power-to-Liquids (PtL). The direct route would be from the gasification of sugarcane bagasse, a thermochemical process that converts carbon-rich materials into a gaseous mixture, which is part of the concept Biomass-to-Liquids (BtL). This study compared the BtL and PtL concepts but only up to the production of syngas, an intermediate product for the production of liquid hydrocarbons. The comparison was based on four main criteria: 1) yield of each route using a common calculation base, 2) capital expenditure (CAPEX) estimate to build a plant coupled to a medium-sized ethanol plant in Brazil, 3) annual operating cost estimate (OPEX) to find the production cost, and 4) technological maturity of each route. To conduct this study, literature was consulted to define the battery limit of each route (all unit operations involved), to consult equipment and utilities values, and to calculate the energy demand involved in each route. At the end of the study, it was found that in a medium-sized sugarcane plant in Brazil, processing 3.5 million tons of sugarcane per year, it would be possible to build a coupled plant that produces about 6.36 t/h of syngas by the gasification route (BtL) or one that produces about 2.52 t/h of the same gas, using electricity and carbon dioxide from fermentation (PtL). Additionally, it was found that the minimum cost of the product for the BtL concept route is 60% of the value found by the PtL concept route, but the CAPEX for the PtL route is lower than for the BtL route, due to a lower production of syngas.
O poeta na maturidade: Machado de Assis e as Poesias completas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Miasso, Audrey Ludmilla do Nascimento; Marques, Wilton José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9186310434443185; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9186310434443185
Machado de Assis (1839-1908), throughout his career, published four books of poetry: Crisálidas (1864), Falenas (1870), Americanas (1875) and Poesias completas (1901). This last book brings a selection of some poems from the previous books that is added to a new volume, the “Ocidentais”. The elaboration of the fourth book of poems at a time when Machado was already an established writer allowed the revisitation of his poetic work and the formation of a last legacy in poetry. Reading the 1901 collection makes us see Machado's poetic career through the perspective of the writer himself, who organized, selected, cut, modified and edited his verses. His poetic production was continuous and rising and this is apparent in the book that forms his poetic baggage.
A escrita de si como relação subjetiva e inscrição ética do sujeito surdo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Morais, Mariana Peres de; Martins, Vanessa Regina de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4768682330164550; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-293X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3312408116905586; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0717-1959
Deaf education has been a very relevant topic in recent decades in our country, especially due to the current discussion about inclusive practices. However, it is noted that the advances made in the teaching of deaf people still require investments, resources and effective policies that guarantee the access and permanence of this public in the school environment. Among these issues, the current academic literature has shown great interest regarding the process of learning the Portuguese language for the deaf public. However, even though it is a challenge for the school, there are cases of deaf people who use the materiality of the Portuguese language and/or sign language in a very significant way to the point of expressing themselves through registration (written in Portuguese or in videos in Libras) about their memories, organization of thoughts, among other ways in everyday life in order to lead to what is defended by a writing of the self, in the philosophical-foucauldian conception. The investigation of the factors that mobilize the deaf to use self-writing as a tool for the subjectivation process is still a little explored field. In this sense, the general objective of this study is to investigate the deaf utterances produced through a self-writing that mobilize the construction of the subjectivation process of the deaf subject, from a methodology based on the principles of Foucauldian genealogical perspective combined with cartography. Such paths will be followed to search for records of narrative discourses in social networks and analyzed in the light of the philosophies of differences. The hypothesis is that bilingual deaf subjects (Libras and Portuguese Language - LP), in the act of making the record a space of reflexive expansion to constitute themselves, transit between these records, oscillating between LP and Libras, which are chosen by the deaf depending on who he imagines to be his possible reader. Therefore, the thesis is that the writing of the self is a space for the creation of an aesthetics of existence and that in contemporary times can be manifested by social networks, which have been used for exchanges of the self with the other and, the change of linguistic register by the deaf, refers both to the supposed reader addressed and to the theme on which there is the reflection produced by the author. Trying to understand the aspects that make it possible to write from the self, regardless of the linguistic modality, can contribute to the development of more extensive and productive discussions that seek to understand about the appropriation of deaf writing, in addition to reflecting on the elements providers for educational proposals suggested for the teaching of the deaf so that they come to relate in a pleasant way with the Portuguese language and, thus, transform the negative historical image that has been imposed by society and that often strengthens barriers to communication between deaf and listeners.
Pré-tratamento da fração orgânica presente nos resíduos sólidos urbanos no brasil para produção de biocombustível
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Sá, Mariane Gabriele de; Rosa, Paula Rúbia Ferreira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4284223404098079; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8817-911X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5434582236919472; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6460-4861
The recovery and energy use of waste is one of the main ways to minimize the environmental effects caused by poor waste management. One of the main ways to carry out this energy recovery and generate waste would be anaerobic combustion (AD). In this process, it is possible to treat organic fraction municipal solid waste (OFMSW), which at the same time can be considered as one of the potent sources of renewable energy due to the generation of biofuel during the process. Therefore, for a greater yield of biofuels and digestibility of these substrates, pre-treatment techniques are used, helping to break down complex carbohydrates into simple sugars, thus making them consumables for the bacteria present in the environment. After analyzing the keywords that were most used when it came to sustainability, greenhouse gases, the words “anaerobic digestion”, “food waste”, “organic waste”, “organic fraction of urban solid waste” were used in the first stage of the research. With these words, 992 articles were found, in the period 1990-2023, using the Web of Science database, to then perform a bibliometric analysis, reporting on the existing pre- treatments and already used for the production of biofuel from OFMSW or food waste, its sequence and main effects on digestion. The years 2021 and 2022 were the ones with the most articles published, with China being the country that published the most, with about 37% of the articles. Asian authors were the ones who published the most and were cited over these years, with emphasis on Li Y and Li X. Of the most relevant articles, the objective of optimizing anaerobic digestion is the one that appears the most, with pretreatment being one of the themes used. to obtain this optimization. Chemical pre-treatment was the one with the most publications, with a total of 36 articles, which is currently the most used. For chemical engineering, the research helped to demonstrate some bottlenecks that are still present related to substrate pretreatment, as well as obtaining maximum DA efficiency, it also helps in parameters that can be used in some types of pretreatments.
Caracterização de plantas transgênicas de Citrus sinensis com aumento na volatização de metil-salicilato e Resistência Sistêmica Adquirida no patossistema HLB
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-14) Fischer, Eduarda Regina; Coletta-Filho, Helvécio Della; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8783964270386788; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6243801261258767
Currently, Huanglongbing (HLB) has been considered the most devastating disease of citrus worldwide. In Brazil, the disease is caused by the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), which colonizes the phloem vessels of citrus plants, causing severe symptoms in leaves and fruits. Naturally, the bacterium is transmitted by Diaphorina citri, which acquires CLas when feeding on infected plants and transmits it to healthy ones. The use of chemical pesticides has been widely used to control the vector, but with negative consequences for the environment, in addition to enhancing the development of resistant insects. Genetically modified plants have been studied as an alternative to mitigate the transmission of CLas. The SAMT gene encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of salicylic acid (SA) to a volatile signal known as methylsalicylate (MeSA), which is involved in the signaling pathway of the plant defense system, activating Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR). Recently, SAMT overexpression has been shown to be involved in HLB resistance. However, the production of volatile MeSA can affect the behavior of the insect, acting as an attractant for plants. With this, for the development of the work using transgenic plants that overexpress the CsSAMT gene and present high levels of MeSA. Thus, we hypothesize that plants that overexpress the CsSAMT gene, by volatilizing Methyl salicylate, are more attractive to D. citri, but more resistant to HLB due to the activation of SA-mediated defense mechanisms. However, among the results obtained in our study, we concluded that the transformed plants that volatize MeSA were not more attractive to the insect vector, on the contrary, they were less preferred by them. And as for the resistance of the plants, after inoculation of the bacteria, no significant difference was observed in the colonization of CLas between the plants.