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Dimensión colectiva de las acciones profesionales en terapia ocupacional: percepciones situadas a partir de experiencias en Argentina, Chile y Colombia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-14) Firsenko, Ekaterina; Malfitano, Ana Paula Serrata; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1462870858750395; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0502-3194; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7108114780826054; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2510-0684
La cuestión social es constituida por las acciones de explotación propias del capitalismo, que agranda la brecha entre las clases, disminuye la cohesión social, modifica los mecanismos de la solidaridad y profundiza el individualismo. Así, surge que el debilitamiento de las protecciones y los soportes sociales presentan una relación directa con el sistema actual, como también con la pobreza, la exclusión social y la estigmatización. Justificación: A partir del desenvolvimiento del contexto actual caracterizado por el liberalismo, emerge la necesidad de que la profesión conforme nuevas lecturas sobre la realidad para el enfrentamiento de las problemáticas que derivan de la cuestión social. En este sentido, las explicaciones individuales de las problemáticas sociales son insuficientes para dialogar sobre la dimensión social. Al integrar la cuestión social a la profesión de terapia ocupacional, surge la importancia de analizar la dimensión colectiva de sus acciones profesionales, con el fin de desenvolver una acción que efectivamente aborde las contradicciones del nivel macroestructural. Objetivo: Conocer la dimensión colectiva de las acciones profesionales en terapia ocupacional a través de la percepción de lxs profesionales de Argentina, Chile y Colombia. Métodos: Fue seleccionada una visión materialista-histórica fundada en la terapia ocupacional social, para conocer las acciones de lxs terapeutas ocupacionales en una dimensión colectiva. Fueron contactadxs colegas a través de informantes claves y se realizaron 27 entrevistas semi estructuradas de modo virtual. Los datos se sometieron al análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: Fueron seleccionados los siguientes ejes de análisis: visión de la terapia ocupacional; teoría que respalda las prácticas colectivas; metodología de las prácticas colectivas; dimensión colectiva de las acciones profesionales en terapia ocupacional; dimensión macrosocial y colectivismo en terapia ocupacional, dialéctica individual-colectivo, ejemplos de experiencias colectivas no acertadas y prácticas colectivas con el sujeto individual y sobre cómo conformar acciones colectivas. Conclusión: La dimensión colectiva de las acciones en terapia ocupacional se caracteriza por una visión contraria al principio liberal del individuo, en una actuación que tiene el objetivo de desarrollar una visión social del Estado, de la sociedad y de la política, lo que dialoga directamente con las propuestas de la terapia ocupacional social. Así, la discusión sobre el colectivismo en terapia ocupacional puede estar presente desde las acciones con los sujetos individuales, en la clínica, hasta en el trabajo comunitario, ya que articula dialécticamente sujetos individuales y colectivos. El diálogo latinoamericano posibilita contribuir con la discusión acerca de los fundamentos de la terapia ocupacional y puede colaborar con el abordaje de la cuestión social a través de las referencias que parten de los principios de la acción colectiva. Palabras clave: Colectivismo. Terapia ocupacional social. Cuestión social.
Giberela do trigo: viabilidade técnica da integração de estratégias de manejo visando racionalização do uso de fungicidas e redução de micotoxinas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-14) Oliveira, Duane Nascimento; Jesus Junior, Waldir Cintra de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2614953467362376; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4415287424719077
Fusarium head blight is the most difficult disease to control in wheat, causing damage to grain quality, mainly due to the production of mycotoxins. The current management of the disease is done with the use of fungicides, combined with cultivars with levels of resistance to the pathogen. Thus, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the behavior of the Fusarium head blight and the resulting production of mycotoxins under the management strategies adopted in wheat crops. That way, two cultivars with different levels of resistance to the disease were used, a highly susceptible and moderately resistant cultivar, combined with application or not of fungicide at different phenological stages. The crops were installed in an irrigation pivot area and a rainfed area, being cultivated for two years. For the application (0, 1, 2 or 3) of fungicides (tebuconazole and trifloxystrobin) the pre-anthesis phase; anthesis (moment of anther extrusion) and seven days after anthesis. Thus, through the evaluations carried out following a phenological scale, the FH index (GI - Incidence x severity), damage to the grains (D - % weight loss), weight per unit volume, hectoliter weight (kg/hct ⁻¹), yield calculation (t/ ha⁻¹), concentration (ug/kg⁻¹) and chemotypes of mycotoxins found in the wheat samples were determined. Through the results obtained, the treatments that did not receive fungicide applications showed averages of up to 115.5% higher in (IG) and (D), when compared to the plots that received application. The parameter (kg/hct⁻¹) showed no significant difference between treatments, and the quantitative parameter, tons per hectare (t/ha⁻¹) had averages between 32% and 48.5% higher in treatments with two and three fungicide applications. Applications seven days after anthesis were less efficient when compared to other applications. Mycotoxin concentrations were 14.7% higher in moderately resistant material. The mycotoxin chemotypes found in the samples were: deoxynivalenol (DON), 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-ADON), 3-acetyl DON (3-ADON) and DON-3-Glc (D3G). In the present study, through the evaluations carried out, a significant difference was found between the fungicide applications in the proposed phenological stages. The treatments were efficient in controlling the disease, not demonstrating the same performance on the production and accumulation of mycotoxins in wheat cultivars.
O pensamento algébrico e sua propositura no material EMAI do estado de São Paulo para o ciclo de alfabetização (1º ao 3º ano)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-14) Marcondes, Rianne Schutzer Luiz; Ciríaco, Klinger Teodoro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2947929641568853; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1694-851X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4350496320857842; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0891-0378
This dissertation highlight the results found throughout the development of the master's research, linked to the Professional Graduate Program in Education, at the Federal University of São Carlos (PPGPE/UFSCar). As an objective, we sought to analyze the declared conception about the perspective of work with algebraic thinking present in the material "Mathematics Education in the initial years" (EMAI) adopted by the State Education Network of São Paulo (SP), as well as the nature of the tasks that involve him in the literacy cycle (1st to 3rd year). For this, we started with an initial mapping of Professional Graduate Programs in the state of São Paulo and events in Mathematics Education (ENEM and EPEM) for the analysis of existing productions on the subject, thus fulfilling the stage of "Literature review". In addition, we constitute the "Theoretical Reference" in the field of studies on curriculum, curriculum in Mathematics Education and algebraic thinking. This research presents a methodological approach of a qualitative nature, with a descriptive-analytical-interpretative character. The central instrument for data production adopted was the documental analysis of the EMAI material, mainly the nature of the mathematical tasks that involved algebraic thinking. The results obtained showed that the EMAI material, with regard to the literacy cycle, presents approximately 59 tasks that involve objects of knowledge and skills of the thematic unit Algebra, as proposed by the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) and Currículo Paulista, however, if the teacher cannot understand what is being asked, he will not explore them in their potential and will not develop algebraic thinking with the students. This fact demonstrates the need to invest in continuing education for these professionals, since it is challenging to work on aspects of algebraic thinking in the early years, as they did not have contact with this theme in their initial training. As a result of this research, an Educational Product was created in digital book mode (e-book) entitled "Children's Literature and Mathematics: proposals for tasks involving algebraic thinking for the literacy cycle", which presents possibilities of mathematical problematization with the unit Algebra theme in the first years of schooling.
O corpo no espaço, o espaço do corpo: considerações sobre a filosofia de Merleau-Ponty
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-14) Marques, Rafaela Ferreira; Moutinho, Luiz Damon Santos; lattes.cnpq.br/9475267722538751; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6343-571X; lattes.cnpq.br/3913396040221427; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2635-2376
Cette thèse suit Maurice Merleau-Ponty dans sa recherche d’un fondement spatial et concret pour sa phénoménologie. Pour cela, nous commençons notre parcours en réfléchissant à l’importance du refus de l’auteur de se limiter à ce qu’il appelle la « vision analytique », pour laquelle il ne peut y avoir qu’un espace isotrope, où les choses – y compris le corps – sont fortuitement agencées, c’est-à-dire un espace qui n’entretien aucun rapport à ce qu’il y a dans l’espace, n’étant qu’un simple contenant. Même si, dans ses premiers écrits, l’auteur a conditionné la spatialité à une synthèse opérée par le temps, nous démontrons que l’espace en a déjà un intérêt phénoménologique. Avec les ouvrages de sa phase dite « intermédiaire », on voit apparaître un nouveau type de rapport entre le temps et l’espace dans lequel la subordination de l’un à l’autre perd de sa force. Utilisant les notions de profondeur, de schéma corporel et de mouvement, au terme du parcours, nous avons vu que l’espace, toujours présent dans les enquêtes de Merleau-Ponty, y acquiert une centralité, seulement évoquée au début de sa carrière.
Compósitos de poli(éter imida) com partículas nanoestruturadas de LaNi₅ para armazenamento de hidrogênio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-14) Neto, Gabriel Rodrigues de Almeida; Beatrice, Cesar Augusto Gonçalves; Pessan, Luiz Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8276650236213537; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9180232575249975
Hydrogen is a promising energy vector for decarbonizing the energy matrix, but its widespread use requires safe and efficient storage systems. This study aimed to produce microparticles of polyetherimide with LaNi5 through the process of spray drying for hydrogen storage. The LaNi5 ball-milling conditions were optimized, the effects of the polyetherimide layer on H2 sorption were evaluated, microparticles were produced by spray drying with different LaNi5 contents (60, 70, and 80 wt%), and the H2 sorption properties were improved through chemical modification of polyetherimide. Stable and efficient nanostructured composites for hydrogen storage at room temperature were also produced. The results indicated that LaNi5 milling conditions with a weight ratio of milling sphere:particle of 40:1 for 1 hour and rotation of 250 or 350 RPM led to particles with good sorption and morphological properties without amorphization. Polyetherimide was efficient in accommodating LaNi5 particles during hydrogenation cycles without surface defects or metal particle detachment. The microparticles with 70 wt% LaNi5 achieved a maximum capacity of 0.7 %m during activation and about 0.5 %m after activation, requiring 43 s to reach 80% of their maximum capacity. A significant improvement in the H2 sorption kinetics was observed for the composite with 70% LaNi5 and 11.2% degree of sulfonation of polyetherimide, which also showed the best stability in air, reducing the harmful effects observed for the uncoated particle. While the intermetallic compound did not absorb H2 during the first 40 min of the analysis after 7 days of exposure to air, the composite samples reached their maximum capacity in less than 30 min. The microparticles produced by spray drying showed great potential, allowing the manufacture of microparticles with controlled size distribution, possibly kept constant in different cycles.
Estudo sobre o histórico, mineração, aplicações, geopolítica e desafios das terras raras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-14) Nishioka, Leonardo Shogi; Koga, Guilherme Yuuki; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0933095081175012; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6462545915769577
The rare earth elements are essential raw materials for the energy transition that the world is compromised to achieve. Neodymium and praseodymium are fundamental for the manufacture of high performance permanent magnets, which are used for wind turbines and electric vehicles engines. Among the sector challenges, can be cited the wide dominance of the chinese market, corresponding to 90% of the magnets market of the world, additionally, the country indicates that they will supply their internal needs, leaving the Occident with the urge to develop projects capable of supplying this growing demand for the future. Moreover, the manufacturing chain of rare earths is extremely complex, since its mining to its refining and posterior use in its applications. This is because the rare earths are found in low concentrations in the environment, and for its separation, numerous chemical processes with toxic and radioactive reagents and products are involved in the course of its production. In the present study, rare earth concepts, the geopolitics that surround them, companies outside China that look for ways to diversify these raw materials supply, and its perspectives for the future.
Estabilização de suspensões aquosas à base de biosilicato
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-14) Silva, Lucas do Carmo; Crovace, Murilo Camuri; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2960564171443068; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6993-6363; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5103764981192765; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5098-8665; Luz, Ana Paula da; Salomão, Rafael; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470395641242374; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6005194561707106; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5941-5388; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3392-6857
Aqueous suspensions based on particulate bioglasses are frequently used for the production of bioactive glass-ceramic scaffolds. Scaffolds are macroporous structures (with pores between 100 μm and 300 μm) intended for the replacement and repair of flaws in human tissues, something that is possible due to the fact that these structures favor cell penetration and increase vascularization. However, the solubilization of the glass in aqueous media favors the flocculation of the suspension. The effect of this is the compromise of process reproducibility, mechanical properties and the loss of particulate matter. Therefore, it is important to control rheology and stabilize suspensions to prevent flocculation from occurring. Thus, the present study aimed to stabilize aqueous suspensions based on Biosilicate® particles (designated here as BioS), based on electrostatic, steric and electrosteric stabilization mechanisms. For this purpose, the pH of suspensions with different weight concentrations of solids (2.5%, 5.0%, 10.0%, 20.0% and 30.0%) was measured. The use of different dispersants was not able to stabilize the suspensions with 30%w of BioS. As for the suspension of 2.5%w of BioS, the best average zeta potential value was -45 mV, obtained by adding 1.0%w of PAA. Furthermore, there was an attempt to adjust the pH of the 30%w BioS suspension using HCl. Finally, these suspensions were submitted to a qualitative sedimentation test in 25ml graduated burettes, which verified the effectiveness of using 1.0%p of PAA in the stabilization of suspensions of 2.5%p of BioS.