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Cenários de restauração para implementação de pagamento por serviços ecossistêmicos visando à conservação da biodiversidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-20) Fadel Junior, Daniel; Mello, Kaline de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1974531968891537; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7873-3042; Valente, Roberta Averna; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1582627535733911; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7273-7042; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2082428268267276; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2725-7589
Landscape fragmentation compromises biodiversity and ecosystem connectivity. This study modeled restoration scenarios based on Payment for Ecosystem Services programs, aiming to integrate environmental benefits. Restoration scenarios were analyzed using low natural agricultural suitability areas currently covered by pastures within rural properties in the Vale do Paraíba Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil. Using land use data and geographic information system tools, two restoration scenarios were modeled. The integral restoration scenario, which included all restoration areas, increased forest cover by 27.35% and average connectivity by 31.85%, connecting fragments and creating new habitats, with 134,498 hectares restored. The partial restoration scenario, focusing on selected restoration areas, increased forest cover by 72,182 hectares, prioritizing the expansion of fragments larger than 60 hectares, boosting average connectivity by 26.82% while optimizing resources. Both scenarios increased areas with very high connectivity and reduced areas with very low connectivity, with the most significant differences observed in intermediate connectivity classes. The study highlights that restorations facilitated by Payment for Ecosystem Services programs can reduce fragmentation and enhance regional sustainability, providing a basis for public policies that align biodiversity conservation with climate change mitigation
Dez anos da lei n. 12.711/2012: uma análise dos indicadores de acesso ao ensino superior de pessoas negras e/ou com deficiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-20) Silva, Luiz Henrique Teixeira da; Orlando, Rosimeire Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4254571422608459; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0990-6146; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4723772157735839; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8365-9796
In Brazil, according to data from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD - Continuous) in 2022, 56.1% of Brazilians identified themselves as Black (black/brown). According to data released by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), at least 18.6 million Brazilians have some type of disability. This research, based on a documentary and microdata analysis, which, according to Triviños, is a descriptive study. Its objective was to analyze, based on national educational indicators, the entry of the Black and/or disabled population into Brazilian higher education in the year 2022 and the developments following the promulgation of Laws No. 12,711/2012. Concluding that it is necessary to gather this population for the construction of policies that make sense in the integration of these individuals regarding overcoming barriers imposed by capitalist society, which hinder these subjects, whether due to structural racism or discrimination based on body differences. This is to enable continuity in legislation such as the Quota Law.
Estudo retrospectivo da casuística clínica e de óbitos em mico-leão-da-cara-dourada (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) no Zoológico de São Paulo, no período de 2016 a 2023
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-20) Monzon, Kelly de Santis Comar; Rassy, Fabrício Braga; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5716428943268681; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5939095667960031
The golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) (Kuhl, 1820) belonging to the family Callitrichidae is a New World primate that is classified as endangered in the wild. Leontopithecus chrysomelas is an endemic species of the Atlantic Forest occurring in forest remnants and cabruca areas of Bahia. Due to loss, fragmentation and disconnection of habitat, the species is in population decline, requiring studies and actions aimed at its preservation. The identification of diseases that affect New World primates is of great importance in public health and in situ and ex situ conservation programs, due to the risk of anthropogenic influences creating conditions for infectious diseases to decimate entire populations of wild animals. Therefore, the investigation of diseases in these animals is of great relevance for conservation medicine and for the purposes of One Health. A retrospective survey of the clinical case series and deaths involving individuals of Leontopithecus chrysomelas from the São Paulo Zoo was carried out from January 2016 to July 2023, through the analysis of medical records, findings from clinical/physical, hematological, histopathological examinations, ultrasonographic and necropsy findings, to evaluate the case series, clinical manifestations and diagnoses. The data was spreadsheeted and the changes analyzed. Thirty-eight individuals were treated by the Veterinary Medicine Sector at the São Paulo Zoo, in a total of 196 care carried out. Nineteen deaths occurred during the period under study. Although hepatic/hepatobiliary disease/hepatic failure was the most evident clinical case during the consultations, and several of the animals presented gallstones and/or hepatic neoplasia, in the final diagnoses (histopathological examination after necropsy) and cause of death the most common disorders affected the renal system.
Efeito de forças hidrodinâmicas em colisões partícula-superfície em diferentes meios fluidos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-20) Melo, Karla Raphaela Braga de; Pádua, Thiago Faggion de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8909812973749651; Lopes, Gabriela Cantarelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5680967191791061; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4475-6075; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3660124738217053; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0376-2698
Energy dissipation in systems, such as solid-gas and solid-liquid, can occur in several ways, including resistance to motion, interfacial interactions, deformation, and particle collision. In gas-solid flows, the main energy dissipation occurs due to plastic deformation, internal friction or elastic losses during interactions between particles or between particles and surfaces. On the other hand, in liquid flows, factors such as surface tension, adhesion and dissipative forces are relevant. One of the ways to measure this dissipation is by measuring the restitution coefficient, a dimensionless coefficient given by the ratio between the restitution and impact velocities. In liquids, this parameter is also related to the liquid's ability to dissipate energy during a collision and is called the effective coefficient of restitution. The study of this dissipation is crucial to understanding system behavior, optimizing processes, and designing efficient devices. In this context, this work aims to investigate the various factors involved in collisions that affect the restitution coefficients and the effective restitution coefficient. To this end, commercial particles of ABS, porcelain, carbon steel (coated or not with a polymeric film), polypropylene and high alumina were characterized in terms of density, diameter and Young's modulus and used in experimental particle-surface collision tests. In tests in air, the results showed a decreasing trend in the coefficient of restitution with the increase in the number of successive impacts in collisions and the ratio of particle diameter/thickness of the collision plate. Furthermore, the influence of material properties on the restitution coefficient values was observed, including the effect of a polymeric film covering carbon steel spheres. In liquid experiments, effective restitution coefficient results were obtained at different concentrations of glycerin solution, and a directly proportional relationship was observed between the increase in this parameter and the Stokes number. Finally, experimental data from the literature were used to validate a proposed correlation for predicting the dry restitution coefficient as a function of particle properties, wall thickness and impact velocity. The results demonstrated that the correlation satisfactorily described the experimental data and proved to be an effective tool in predicting this parameter.
Implantação e estudo da viabilidade de nova rota de preparação de elementos ativos vítreos para microssensores do estado sólido
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-20) Neme, Maíra Dombroski; Andreeta, Marcello Rubens Barsi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7904227795652627; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8436-5706; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9118187560915706; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2291-3092
The pH meter is currently one of the most commonly used probing devices, employed daily in industry, scientific research, and medicine. The search for new sensor materials is of great technological interest. In this work, we produced an ionic-conducting glass from the system Li2O-Y2O3-SiO2 using the Aerodynamic Levitation technique and later developed an all-solid-state pH sensor. An arrhenian tension response to change in pH was found, with a 43mV/pH coefficient. To better understand this characteristic, we simulated the Li2O-SiO2 system using Molecular Dynamics, which has extensive literature both in molecular dynamics and experiments, and compared its dynamic and structural properties with those of the Li2O-Y2O3-SiO2 glass. The diffusion coefficient of the latter was found to be two times larger than that of the former. It was also observed that the structural properties are very similar, except for the coordination numbers of the Li-O and Si-Si pairs, possibly indicating a less polymerized structure and higher lithium ion mobility.
As experiências dos estudantes indígenas no curso de medicina na Universidade Federal de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-20) Bezerra, Vandicley Pereira; Luna, Willian Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1860768963636452; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-128X; Oliveira, Gustavo Nunes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7251529056542414; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2148-2673; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7522839501745518; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6641-8915
The objective of this research was to understand the profile of indigenous medical students, their historical trajectory, and experiences related to their persistence in the institution. A quantitative-qualitative research approach was employed. The study involved mapping the indigenous students who entered from 2007 to 2023 using institutional documents. Individual contact was made through social media and phone calls, inviting them to participate in the research. Fifteen indigenous students who entered through the supplemental slot were identified. Twelve participants were included in the research, utilizing questionnaires, individual interviews, and group discussions.Over the 16 years of affirmative actions, 15 indigenous students entered the medicine program through the supplemental slot, and no indigenous students were admitted through Law No. 12,711/2012, which establishes quotas in federal universities. The entrants ranged in age from 17 to 42 years, with 10 men and 5 women, including three with children. In terms of origin, 9 were from Pernambuco, 2 from the Amazonas, 2 from Espírito Santo, 1 from Acre, 1 from Alagoas, and 1 from São Paulo. They represented various indigenous groups, including Pankará, Jeripancó, Xucuru de Cimbres, Huni-Kuin, Tikuna, Tariano, Tupinikim, Pankararu, Atikum-Umã, and Xucuru de Ororubá. Six of the entrants completed the program, 6 are currently in the undergraduate program, and 3 withdrew before graduating.Based on the interviews, four categories of analysis were established: motivations for entering the program, challenges in medical school, experiences of withdrawal, and persistence in undergraduate studies. Motivations for studying medicine at the institution varied and included personal development, commitment to the community, and the opportunity to enter the institution due to affirmative actions. Described challenges encompassed issues related to the course's methodology, weaknesses in basic education, separation from family, and economic challenges. Participants recounted moments when they considered dropping out but highlighted various strategies for persistence, such as institutional support through scholarships, pedagogical guidance, faculty supportive of the indigenous cause, fellow indigenous students, and the indigenous collective within the institution.
Modelando a vida, sentipensando com o barro: processos educativos na produção e criação cerâmica do Alto Vale do Ribeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-20) Checchi, Conrado Marques da Silva de; Gonçalves Junior, Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1324174147128430; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1585-0596; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3627264230024829; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0203-148X
The central aim of this thesis was to identify, describe and understand the educational processes that emerge from the social practice of ceramic creation carried out by female ceramic artisans in the Alto Vale do Ribeira. This region is located in the largest continuous area of Atlantic Forest preservation in Brazil. In the midst of this place, the ceramic practice has been carried out according to techniques passed down between generations in rural neighborhoods, retaining in the different characteristics of the activity ancestral indigenous and quilombola teachings, which have validated its production, as well as presenting characteristics that demonstrate its peculiar and expressive improvement supported by the individuals' own taste. Despite the contemporaneity of popular creation and the appreciation of each cultural universe, we understand that artistic creation as a symbolic expression of human beings reveals meanings related to aesthetics, but also the values of individuals and groups in the social practices they experience. Considering the practices of popular groups as a field of research that generates relevant educational processes in the shaping of identities, values and attitudes goes hand in hand with recognizing that the historical production of human beings is supported by their perception of their time-space, and that it is concretized to the extent that they objectify it, in other words, they integrate it and produce and reproduce themselves in it through the senses and meanings elaborated in their experience of the world. We therefore turn to this ceramic social practice, with the aim of finding the dimensions that can strengthen the notions of the links between creation and tradition in this place. This is a qualitative study based on phenomenology, the situated phenomenon modality. Interviews were carried out to collect data, using photographs taken by the researcher during the ceramic production activities of the potters from the Alto Vale do Ribeira. From the analysis of the data, two categories of educational processes were obtained: A) "Do you want to make clay pots with me?" centered on the ceramicists' memories and experiences that have shaped their life trajectories of encountering the ancestry of ceramic making; B) "I really like working with clay", referring to the principles that legitimize the practice of ceramic creation in the popular work with clay, which affirm social identities while expressing and renewing their collective meaning. Among the educational processes revealed, we can highlight the role of ancestry in each artisan's relationship with the context, as well as the strengthening of notions of otherness in ceramic making in their intrinsic ability to learn-by-doing with each other by valuing what is specific to their cultures. Faced with different challenges in order to keep going, potters have shown that solidarity, respect, collaboration and cooperation are elements of this social practice.
Uma proposta de ensino de prisma e pirâmide a um aluno com TEA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-20) Bertalha, Graziela de Fátima Rodrigues; Peixoto, Magda da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0413910306376054; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1797108302019464
The research was a case study in which the particpant is a student with Autism Spectrum Disorder and aimed to assist the teacher in his teaching task, developing mathematical pedagogical resources anchored to the Van Hiele modelo which consists of a way of present the content to the student so that he develops his geometric thinking.
Adolescências e saúde mental: um diálogo a partir da estratégia do cine debate
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-20) Fabi, Rafaela Mancini; Gasparini, Danieli Amanda; Cid, Maria Fernanda Barboza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8595043315867424
The literature in the field of child and adolescent mental health points to the school context as a potent space for the development of actions promoting the mental health of teenagers, but it also signals a shortage of national papers on this theme, especially concerning the involvement of teenagers in the process of producing knowledge about themselves. Thus, the present research aims to understand and analyze, in collaboration with adolescent students from a public school, elements related to the theme of mental health in adolescence using the “Cine Debate” strategy. A qualitative research was conducted using the creative strategy of “Cine Debate”. Teenagers from a public school in the second cycle of elementary education participated in the study, attending 2 sessions where films were screened, followed by discussions. The participating teenagers also responded to a questionnaire for process evaluation. The discussions and the evaluative process were subjected to Bardin's Thematic Analysis. Three themes emerged from the analysis of the results: "Perspectives on relationships: challenges, obstacles, and importance"; "Feeling in adolescence"; "Cine Debate: how to be a possible strategy." The study contributes to presenting the perspectives of teenagers on this stage of life, on social support, and on possible ways to conduct a debate activity based on the theme of mental health in the school context.
Uma arquitetura para sistemas de recomendação de música baseado em contexto da interação e experiência do usuário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-20) Assunção, Willian Garcias de; Zaina, Luciana Aparecida Martinez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0192085115595443; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1736-544X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0162658976845027; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0552-9013
This doctoral thesis addresses the research problem: "How can music recommendation systems be improved to more effectively integrate interaction context and user experience?". In response to this question, the research develops and evaluates UConteXt Arch, an architecture for music recommendation systems. This architecture is designed to enhance the user experience, explicitly considering the interaction context and musical preferences. The methodological approach adopted is Design Science Research (DSR), which enables iterative and cyclical analysis in the development of UConteXt Arch. The architecture is based on theories and research into recommendation systems, user experience, and contextual personalization. The development of UConteXt Arch involved a systematic literature review and exploratory studies of current practices on platforms such as Spotify and Deezer. The evaluation of UConteXt Arch included a variety of methods, such as the Communicability Assessment Method (MAC), the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), UX Curves, and the Method of Intermediate Semiotic Inspection (MISI). These methods confirmed the effectiveness of the architecture in delivering accurate and adaptable music recommendations in line with changing user preferences and contexts. The architecture also addresses the ``cold-start'' challenge by implementing immediate feedback mechanisms and continuous learning to improve recommendations. The thesis concludes that UConteXt Arch represents a solution to the identified problem, demonstrating that it can significantly improve music recommendation systems by more effectively integrating interaction context and user experience. This study helps improve the quality of music recommendations and enriches the user experience, making a substantial contribution to the field of music recommendation systems.
Outros Zadigs e novos destinos: histórias e memórias na construção de uma residência multi [e inter] profissional para o SUS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-20) Schiavo, Taismane Clarice Coimbra Ricci Vieira; Sampaio, Sueli Fátima; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0737750473446351; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1273-7707; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1496559970717970; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5909-3211
This dissertation is about memories of a social worker from Espírito Santo. The author uses the process of a trip as an analogy, associating the research elements with items such as maps, itineraries, luggage and photographs. She had multiple encounters and interactions during her Multiprofessional Residency with the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). She researched the local challenges in management and care for people in severe psychological distress. The author was encouraged by the recently created school of public health in the State of Espírito Santo - ICEPi - Instituto Capixaba de Ensino, Pesquisa e Inovação em Saúde, to broaden her professional knowledge by furthering her professional experience in another academic setting as well. She pursued the Professional Master Degree in Clinical Management at The Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar-SP). In a clear, deep, engaging and provocative way, the researcher sought to understand and analyze the perception of resident professionals who attended ICEPi's Multiprofessional Residency Program in Mental Health (PRM-SM) between March 2021 and February 2023. Its focus was the development of attributes for the competence of collaborative interprofessional practice in the SUS. In a diverse and innovative linguistic proposal, the author organized a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory research, broadly intersected by narrative resources. She used a narrative method for her data collection instrument, and presented her writing according to scientific standards. Based on a brief survey, the study entailed the forming of critical, reflective narratives which were created individually by the residents participating in the research. It was followed by integrating these discourses into a single synthesized narrative which was validated by the collection itself. Based on this data and anchored on theoretical references of Health Care, Multiprofessional Residencies in the SUS and Interprofessional Education, the author identified three thematic axes: Education-Teaching, Work-Service, and Care-Community. She merged the data in three areas of perceptions: representations, learning, and contributions. Guided by hermeneutic-dialectic analysis, the researcher revealed potentialities and gaps in training. She pointed out that the PRM-SM has contributed to the development of a collaborative interprofessional practice in the SUS, and the need for complementary scientific research should be carried out in order to affirm the real effectiveness of the Program for Interprofessional Education for the SUS. The findings of this research also identify that interprofessionality would be enhanced through education and training because it sustains, reinforces, and consolidates the work and care processes expected through the SUS. In a poetic and philosophical closing, the author uses the short story by Zadig, “Destiny”, written by the French enlightener Voltaire. By demarcating its implications in work and life, the researcher calls us to a final reflection: it is urgent to rescue the essence of our human identity, whose realization is both unique to the individual and integrated with his/her community.