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Crédito rural e meio ambiente: análise do financiamento pecuário, aplicações e limites de instrumentos para a preservação ambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Ribeiro, Amanda Vasconcelos; Santos, Leandro de Lima; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2750978055015275; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8413-5372
Rural credit and environmental preservation are directly linked topics when it comes to financial institutions and the availability of credit subsidies. Through research with data from recent harvest years, where it is possible to compare the amount of financing that was made available and the increase in deforestation in different regions of the country, we will be able to discuss the correlation between the two factors, therefore, we will have an analysis of whether they are directly linked or not, taking into account aspects such as sustainability, responsibility and environmental preservation, in addition to proposing better conditions for monitoring the areas used by rural producers and more effective inspection methodologies through the credit providers themselves.
As características e o nível do desenvolvimento do pensamento algébrico em tarefas introdutórias envolvendo funções exponenciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Souza, Rodrigo Rodolfo Baltazar de; Oliveira, Paulo César; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7516513469811353; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8923947645142673
This research arose when we sought to understand what level of development of Algebraic Thinking (AT) that students in the 10th – grade, High School, who opted for a training itinerary in which mathematics is not present have when they begin studying Exponential Functions. To do this, we chose to use the model proposed by Almeida (2016), which describes the five characteristics of AT and how, based on them, we can determine the level of development of AT. As a way of complementing the analysis of activities, we used the theory of Semiotic Representation Records proposed by Duval (2009). To situate our research, we carried out a search for research present in the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD) and in the Capes Catalog of Theses and Dissertations (BTD-CAPES), which addressed Algebraic Thinking and Records of Semiotic Representation, Algebraic Thinking and exponential functions, Semiotic Representation Register and exponential functions, and finally presenting the three themes. The objectives of this work are to identify characteristics and the level of development of Algebraic Thinking present in tasks of 10th – grade, High School students, when starting studies related to the Exponential Function. Our research is qualitative in nature, therefore, we seek to describe the group participating in the research and how the activities were applied with the aim of answering the question “What are the levels of development and characteristics of Algebraic Thinking present in solving tasks involving exponential function for 10th – grade high school students?” To answer the research question, we chose to use a Didactic Sequence based on Didactic Engineering as a research methodology, thus carrying out analysis, experimentation and validation of the results. As a result of our research, we observed that the AT characteristics “Establishing relationships” and “Modeling” were more frequent during the application of the two activity sequence proposals and that the majority of students were at level 1 of development of algebraic thinking when starting studies related to the Exponential Function, in addition to observing how the mobilization of various representation records contributes to better development of the AT.
Ensino de estudantes público da educação especial em uma escola ribeirinha amapaense
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Lima, Ilene Diniz Sacramento; Vilaronga, Carla Ariela Rios; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6536774151778096; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6050-2369; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6780909117150152; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6179-6482
This research is focused on the socio-educational reality of Public Special Education students in a riverside school in Amapá, linked to the Municipal Education System. Its general objective is to analyze the teaching process of Public Special Education students who attended a riverside school and the specific objectives are: a) to characterize the pedagogical practices of the teacher of specialized educational services in the teaching process of Public Special Education students; b) describe the teaching process of the teacher directed towards Public Special Education students enrolled and attending regular education at a riverside school; c) analyze the relationship between Special Education teacher and common room teacher. The main element of the investigative context of this work is the interest in knowledge of pedagogical practices for Public Special Education students. It is an ethnographic study with an emphasis on education. The procedures that denoted the methodological basis of this work were semi-structured interviews, participant observation and document analysis. There were six research subjects, namely a Special Education teacher, four regular class teachers and a pedagogical coordinator. Regarding the results, it was evident that few productions involve the theme of this dissertation in this Amazon region; there was a high demand from Public Special Education students for the Special Education teacher on the grounds that she was a full-time teacher; there were reports of absence of parents in partnership with the school, lack of resources for the teaching process to be more optimized, lack of adaptations in textbooks, lack of training for common classroom teachers, structures of the main and annex buildings requiring repairs and the even more serious annex, due to leaks and, in times of rain, classes are canceled due to this factor. Absence of Political Pedagogical Project (PPP). It was evident that Public Special Education students were well accepted and received attention from both their classmates and teachers and that, despite all the difficulties and obstacles, the participants enjoyed working on the island. With the result, we sought to give greater visibility to the diversity of riverside people and the interface of Special Education and rural education, in the context of riverside schools.
Pragmática e estratégias comunicativas presentes nos jogos virtuais: um exemplo em Rainbow Six Siege
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Coimbra, Igor Santos; Conde, Dirceu Cleber; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2630773088169073; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5141-5861
This study aimed to understand how communication occurs in the game Rainbow Six Siege (R6S) and how this communicative exchange takes place in a competitive virtual environment that requires cooperation among players to achieve collective objectives. Analyzing hypothetical situations and fragments of real matches, the application of Grice's conversational maxims (1967[1975]) and the relevance of Sperber and Wilson's Relevance (1986[1995]) were highlighted. In Manninen's Interaction Forms and Communicative Actions in Multiplayer Games (2003), it was revealed how each communicative strategy is articulated by different ways of causing implicit inferences in speech. The research revealed the linguistic adaptability of players, evidenced by specific game expressions, direct orders, and repetitions, demonstrating a sophisticated understanding of communicative dynamics in R6S. Communication, beyond being a mere exchange of data, plays a vital strategic role in team success, particularly in decisive moments of the game. The research contributes to the theoretical understanding of language in digital environments, offering relevant concepts for linguistics and pragmatics researchers, as well as professionals in the gaming industry. In summary, communication in R6S not only facilitates coordination among players but also proves to be a crucial strategic tool for team success in a challenging and constantly evolving virtual scenario.
Caracterização pan-câncer da expressão de genes relacionados ao adesoma em células únicas de tumores humanos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Melazzo, Afonso Martin; Fuentes, Andrea Soares da Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2426157257540389; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-1136; Cury, Sarah Santiloni; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5014314501027922; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4803-0933; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7670777852742366
Cancer is one of the main challenges when it comes to public health systems around the world, with a significant increase in the number of cases expected in the next three years, including in Brazil. The set of adhesion molecules, the adhesome, is involved in the disease and has been shown to be increasingly relevant to the hallmarks of cancer and also to cachexia; its study still poses challenges given the striking intra- and inter-tumor phenotypic and genotypic diversities. This work aims to characterize the transcriptional profile of the adhesome in single cells from the tumor microenvironment of human tumors. To do this, we reanalyzed single-cell RNA-seq; scRNA-Seq) data, publicly available in the Curated Cancer Cell Atlas database, using the Seurat analysis package (v4.0.6). By analyzing 231 primary tumor samples from previously untreated patients, we evaluated 758,088 unique cells from nine tumor types. Average expression data for 544 adhesome genes were evaluated in seven cell types found in common in pan-cancer data. Cells in the tumor microenvironment showed expression of adhesome genes, and we identified similar patterns of expression among cell types regardless of tumor type. We also identified genes expressed in a cell-specific manner in fibroblasts, endotheliocytes, myeloid and malignant cells. Furthermore, we observed 55 genes significantly correlated with cachexia prevalence, six of which were significantly correlated across multiple cell types. Therefore, we conclude that the tumor microenvironment expresses adhesome genes and that it is possible to identify expression patterns associated with cell types with potential relevance to tumor progression and cachexia. Overall, this work contributes to the understanding of the set of adhesion-related molecules in the tumor microenvironment, which will aid in future studies to determine their mechanisms underlying cachexia and metastasis formation.
A participação do Conselho de Escola na gestão escolar: a importância do diálogo na atuação dos conselheiros escolares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Ganzella Mota, Michela Fernanda; Tedeschi, Wania; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5743322664981581; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8343676325268036; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7585-1148
Throughout history, the culture of a society is revealed through practices, values and symbolic systems that influence the manifestation of thought expressed through language. Based on this concept, this research has the general objective of analyzing the participation of school counselors in the management of public schools, with the specific objective of analyzing the dialogue of school counselors within the scope of the School Council (CE) in order to understand the implementation process effective democratic management of the school unit. Therefore, it is important to consider the short time it took to create the CE as a space for collective action among actors in the educational scenario, the quality of interactive dialogue (Gohn, 2000), the awareness of the political and administrative reality of school education in the work of school counselors , as well as the organizational structure of this collegial body that has defined purposes and hierarchy in the management of the educational institution standardized and controlled by government legislation in which school counselors collaboratively exercise deliberative, consultative, supervisory, mobilizing and pedagogical functions. Thus, by questioning how dialogue takes place in the work of school counselors in EC meetings, this investigation seeks to understand the dynamics of the historical, political, cultural and social reality of participation in school management. In this context, a theoretical assumption favorable to democratic, participatory and civic-minded school management could be true dialogue based on the concepts of Bohm (1992, 2005). After collecting information from the CE of a school community located in Araraquara, in the interior of the State of São Paulo, the mediations recorded in 11 meeting minutes and the dialogue interactions in the work of school counselors were analyzed. The triangulation of the results of this information led to the units of analysis of the expression of literal thought and the expression of participatory thought, in which the shared meanings, which can favor communication and the suspension of assumptions of the meeting participants, point to factors such as the lack of attentive listening and the hierarchy of power in the decision-making process. The interconnection of literal and participatory thinking endorses the hypothesis that the theory of true dialogue can become a significant tool to enable consensus and collective decisions in EC meetings. In this sphere, this concept of dialogue can contribute to democratic participation in school management, and can favor cultural, political and social training, as well as with the functions, especially the pedagogical one, of the CE, and can promote a new paradigm in the work of school counselors. Furthermore, open new possibilities for studies on democratic participation and dialogue in the areas of Human and Social Sciences.
Verbalidades uma proposta de canal no youtube para narrativas surdas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Mendes, Davson Soares; Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9468232016416725; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3250-1374; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0243762126145166; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6080-8771
In this course completion work, I created a channel on the YouTube platform, whose name is VERBALITIES. With the aim of creating a space for the dissemination of countless deaf identities and experiences through videos, narrated by the people themselves people, configuring itself as a tool capable of meeting this demand. The videos are made up of interviews with deaf people, who share their experiences, not only as deaf people, but as deaf people living within a plural and multifaceted society. Based on this proposal, interviews were carried out which allowed us to address topics that make up the concept of intersectionality, such as: race, ethnicity, gender, social groups, etc. with the aim of reducing the lack of knowledge, propagation of stereotypes and the increase in ableism related not only to the person deaf, but also to the entire Deaf Community. Although the focus is on people with deafness, these Interviews may also include hearing interpreters and CODAs (Hearing Children of Deaf Parents), who are also part of the Deaf Community. In addition to the objectives already scored, this channel can also be seen as a training tool, since can be used in Libras Translation and Interpretation training courses and in other areas, such as a data collection space, or knowledge of deaf people in locations where the resident community tends to be small.
Podemos conversar? Uma análise sobre a estrutura conversacional e o interlocutor invisível nos podcasts
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Gui, Ana Maria de Souza; Conde, Dirceu Cleber; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2630773088169073; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5141-5861; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3418498258284444
This work aims to analyze the activation of conversational strategies for audience engagement and connection in the scientific linguistics outreach podcast, 'Mexendo com a Língua' ('Playing with Language'). By using conversational elements, triggers used by the podcast hosts and interviewees to interact with their listeners will be observed. Through this study, possible benefits of this practice will be discussed.
Identificação de escritor por transformada SIFT e SVM-Linear na língua portuguesa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Sanchez, João Paulo Lopes; França, Celso Aparecido de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4547836128892982; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2235-9551
This work investigates the feasibility of the SIFT Transform (Scale-Invariant Feature Transform) and the SVM-Linear algorithm (Support Vector Machine-Linear) for identifying authors in texts in portuguese. The research contributes to the area of forensic authorship, information security and style analysis, seeking to provide a robust and efficient method for identifying authors in different contexts. The proposed methodology uses the SIFT Transform together with the Bag-of-Words concept to extract relevant characteristics from texts and SVM-Linear as a classifier to identify authors. The research was carried out on a BFL (Brazilian Forensic Letter Database) dataset, composed of forensic documents in Portuguese, to evaluate the effectiveness of the methodology. The proposed methodology obtained promising results, with an average accuracy rate of up to 98.73% in identifying authors.
Levantamento da realização do sujeito pronominal em entrevistas televisionadas: resultados iniciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Silva, Mariana Frugeri; Biazolli, Caroline Carnielli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7908630593356660; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8578-8102; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5620033174960026
This final paper aims to survey the number of occurrences and frequencies of expressed pronominal subject and null pronominal subject in texts of the television interview genre, produced in the year 2009. To achieve this, we present the phenomenon of the realization of the pronominal subject, based on studies that have already discussed it, considering it from the ideas of Chomsky (1981) and, above all, from the assumptions of the Theory of Linguistic Variation and Change (Weinreich; Labov; Herzog, 2006 [1968]). The initial results of this quantitative research point to the confirmation of the preference for the use of the expressed subject, more with the first and second persons of discourse than with the third. We hope with this work to contribute to the understanding of the phenomenon in Brazilian Portuguese, as well as to increase researchers' interest in the subject so that new investigations can be developed.
Possibilidades de uso em linguística forense de banco de dados brasileiros de língua e fala
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Vieira, Daniel Fonseca; Passetti, Renata Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8273453109388188; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1547-2831; Arantes, Pablo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9358415148282183; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9707-8493; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5252948080638729; https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7659-2112
This project aims to survey language and speech databases in Brazil and assess their potential for use in forensic linguistics tasks. During the survey stage of the research, we identified 45 databases from various regions of Brazil. The survey comprised consultation with experts in sociolinguistics and dialectology and bibliographic research. The assessment of potential usefulness for forensic purposes consisted in the application of a questionnaire addressing general project characteristics, types of materials provided, participant characteristics, geographical coverage, access conditions, and other relevant aspects. As a result, this work systematically presents the survey of language and speech databases in Brazilian Portuguese, enabling the identification of those suitable for generating population distribution statistics of linguistic and phonetic features relevant to the Speaker Comparison task. The generated information will be valuable for experts in forensic linguistics, phonetics, as well as other language-related fields.
Estudo da prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns via métodos de classificação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Martinez, Giulia Molina; Cerqueira, Andressa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1934493281651316; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2399613942615178
The present undergraduate thesis focuses on the study of the association between specific variables and the diagnosis of common mental disorders. To achieve this goal, we examined classification methods, namely decision trees, logistic regression, and random forests. This investigation is preceded by a statistical definition and methodological review of the concepts to be employed, as well as data preprocessing. All computational applications were carried out using the programming language R.
Adaptação de uma dieta artificial para linhagem e sexagem genética de Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) e doses para indução para esterilidade sob hipóxia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Prestes, Ana Júlia de Carvalho; Mastrangelo, Thiago de Araújo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2335644825420420; Fujihara, Ricardo Toshio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1863735094370774; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2776-5559; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3716517165864682
The Anastrepha fraterculus fly, also known as the South American fruit fly, is one of the main pests in Brazilian fruit farming. Therefore, the production of sterile males through irradiation (Sterile Insect Technique - SIT) for release in the field is of paramount importance for its biological control. Within this context, to enable the release of only sterile males, it is necessary to develop a strain that allows genetic sexing (Genetic Sexing Strain - GSS) or the elimination of females at some stage of the production process and the biological cycle, which usually occurs in the egg and pupal stages. Thus, a GSS based on the pupal color dimorphism, that is, males emerging from brown pupae and females emerging only from black pupae, has been developed and reared semi-massively. However, before recommending the use of this GSS for large-scale programs integrating SIT, it was necessary to test different artificial diets and determine the ideal sterilizing dose for males, ensuring the maintenance of the strain over generations. Thus, it was observed that the diet based on cornmeal with carrageenan was the most suitable for artificial rearing, and the sterilizing dose required for this strain was approximately 70Gy.
Treino de familiares por meio da videomodelação para aplicação de programas de ensino em crianças com autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) D'Orazio, Luiza de Freitas Borges; Postalli, Lídia Maria Marson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2748282330028870; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7560-697X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5492539843054380; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5081-0293
Family members of ASD people may experience a high level of overload due to the intense care routine and difficulty in teaching their respective children, which may be aggravated because of the lack of a support network. The present research aimed to evaluate the effects of instructional video modeling and immediate feedback on the accuracy of application of training programs in children’s relatives with ASD. Five-dyads of children-caregivers diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder participated of the study. Two dyads are assisted by SUS in an APAE institution; and three dyads are assisted by a private clinic. There was a multiple-probe experimental design among participants, including baseline, intervention, generalization and follow-up. The choice of training programs was made by evaluating the child's initial repertoire, and three skills teaching programs were chosen to be taught to the family members. The results demonstrated that for four participants the video modeling was enough to teach the application of the preference test, and one familiar needed the immediate feedback to reach the criterion. Two participants reached the learning criterion in the training programs through the video modeling and three participants needed to associate the video modeling and the feedback. The caregivers maintained their performances in the maintenance assessment and generalized the application of strategies with the children, and with a new training program, too. The research was effective for caregivers teaching, proving to be a viable alternative for socially vulnerable populations, in addition to enhancing and benefit the repertoire generalization learned in clinical environment.
Desenvolvimento de um instrumento para identificação e análise da influência dos fatores contextuais no período gestacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Silva, Clara Maria de Araujo; Pereira, Natalia Duarte; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3408152349657748; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4395-589X; Beleza, Ana Carolina Sartorato; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4139635204538357; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6463-8597; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0926183281809681; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0886-1844
During the gestational period, numerous physiological adaptations occur to facilitate the maternal body's adjustment to fetal growth. It is crucial to consider the context in which pregnant women are situated, identifying potential social inequalities. However, in the literature, tools assessing contextual factors personal, economic, social, and cultural aspects of Brazilian pregnant women are scarce. Objective: Develop an instrument based on the International Classification of Functioning to identify and assess the influence of contextual factors during the gestational period in Brazilian women. Methods: A methodological study was conducted for instrument development using the Delphi Method and COSMIN guidelines. Ethical approval was obtained (CAEE: 63878222.1.0000.5504). The study comprised the following stages: 1- Definition of the construct, 2- Item selection and formulation; 3- Pre-test, with data collection from March to July 2023. Descriptive analysis characterized study participants. Data from the instrument construction process underwent specific analyses for each stage. Descriptive analyses identified relevant contextual factors and pre-test results. Bardin's discourse analysis was employed for qualitative data, and the instrument's content validity index assessed the instrument. Results: The study involved 22 experts in stage 2, evenly divided between subject experts and the target audience. In stage 3, 21 pregnant women participated, diverse in geographic location, mostly married or in stable unions, with high educational levels. Instrument development results showed variation in expert agreement on contextual factors' relevance, with the support network (90.9%), physical activity (72.7%), age, and prenatal care (63.6%) being the most relevant. Factors like profession, number of previous pregnancies, housing arrangement, and space for the newborn were considered relevant by 54.6% of experts. Factors such as mobility, race/ethnicity, education, housing conditions, and family income had agreement percentages below 50%. Regarding feasibility, the instrument was deemed easy, quick, and easily understandable for completion. Conclusion: Divergence exists between healthcare professionals and pregnant women regarding relevant contextual factors. Nevertheless, the developed instrument was considered suitable, relevant, and comprehensible, potentially serving as a valuable tool for research and clinical practice. The instrument comprises three assessment sections: the first being the cover page, the second covering personal factors, and the third addressing environmental factors. The cover page and personal factors sections enable the identification of individual respondent characteristics potentially correlating with measures found in the environmental factors section concerning the type of influence (positive or negative) of these factors. For measurement purposes, only responses from the environmental factors section are utilized.
A prática da fonética forense no Brasil: proposta de um modelo de investigação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Mata, Ingrid da; Passetti, Renata Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8273453109388188; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1547-2831; Arantes, Pablo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9358415148282183; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9707-8493; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9512888272130150; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1427-7569
Forensic Phonetics is a specialized field within forensic sciences that focuses on the study and analysis of human voice with the aim of using this information as evidence in criminal investigations (HUGHES, 2014). In Brazil, Forensic Phonetics is still a relatively new area but has been growing exponentially in the past few years. Given the heterogeneity of practices and methodologies in the field, it becomes important to map the Brazilian context — a vast country with a variety of cultures, distributed across 27 states, exhibiting significant geographical, cultural, and legal diversity, which is not taken into consideration in international studies in the field. Therefore, the objective of this work is to propose an investigation method to assist in mapping the current practices and methodologies in the field of Forensic Phonetics in Brazil and contribute to the development of the area.
Reabilitação pulmonar no Brasil: percepções, práticas, barreiras e conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Mateus, Adriano Petrolini; Lorenzo, Valéria Amorim Pires Di; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9071791546812165; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9804-7445; Mendes, Renata Gonçalves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9634590922242052; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4683-2657; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5014883436250700; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0375-6180
Chronic respiratory diseases (CRD) commonly occur with intolerance to physical exercise, deconditioning and reduced quality of life, with pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) being a therapeutic strategy proven to be beneficial for these patients. Despite consistent evidence, in practice, PR still needs improvements in implementation, access and quality of services. Therefore, to optimize PR delivery strategies, it is crucial to know the local context, guidelines for rehabilitation, and understanding about the dynamics of professionals working in PR. Objective: This study aims to characterize health care professionals as well as their knowledge regarding assistance to people with CRD, contrast knowledge about models and essential components with availability of those items in services and identify barriers to referring patients to PR services. Methods: From July to December 2023, an online survey was disseminated to healthcare professionals with experience in caring for CRD in PR. A questionnaire consisting of 58 questions (identification, components, models, knowledge and barriers to PR) was prepared and allocated to REDCap®. Results: The participating health professionals (n=60) were predominantly physiotherapists (n=54). PR Home based was the most well-known PR model (88.3%). The Brazilian Unified Health System (Sistema Únicod e Saúde - SUS) was the main financier of services (55.0%). Less knowledge about the models was associated with professionals who reported working in the SUS (p=0.01, Phi=0.31). Compliance with all minimum requirements was associated with PR funded by public educational institutions (p=0.03, Phi=0.31). Among the known benefits of PR, improving exercise capacity showed the highest agreement (95.0%) among participants. The lack of specialized centres (96.7%) was the factor identified as the biggest barrier to referring patients to PR. Conclusions: Physiotherapists represent the professional category that receives the most patients referred with CRD. The places where they work have the minimum resources necessary for PR. Knowledge about PR models and components exceeds their availability in professional practice, with participants demonstrating a good level of knowledge about the benefits of PR. In this study, reduced mobility due to dyspnoea and fatigue were presented as the main reasons for referring patients to PR programs, while the lack of specialized centres and patients' lack of knowledge of the benefits of PR stood out as barriers.
Inteligência computacional aplicada à modelagem matemática da produção de biossurfactantes por esterificação de ácidos graxos com açúcares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Tonetti, Lorenzo Giovanni; Sousa Júnior, Ruy de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983482879541203; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3184921290690165
Because of increasing demand of biosurfactants, which are more environmentally friendly than to surfactants derived from non-renewable raw materials, there is a growing need for studies proposing new processes for their production or aiming at the optimization of existing processes. In this context, the mathematical modeling of enzymatic reactors for the esterification of fatty acids with sugars in the production of biosurfactants has been a useful tool for studying and optimizing the process. In particular, artificial neural networks and fuzzy systems emerge as promising methods for developing models for those process. Thus, this work aimed at the development of hybrid-neural models and a fuzzy model for enzymatic esterification reactors associated with biosurfactant production. In the case of artificial neural networks application, the coupling of networks to reactor mass balances was considered in hybrid models to infer reactant concentrations over time. To achieve this, the classical Runge-Kutta method was employed for the integration of the material balance differential equations. Computationally, an algorithm was constructed incorporating material balances, neural reaction rates, and step-by-step numerical integration. In the case of applying fuzzy logic for modeling and optimizing the conversion of fatty acid esterification with sugars, in function of operational process parameters (such as time, temperature, molar ratio of substrates), a study was conducted based on an available set of experimental data. The aim was to compare the prediction of optimal operational conditions provided by the fuzzy model with those derived from the classical response surface methodology. All computational development was carried out using the Matlab software. In the application of hybrid-neural models, neural networks were able to predict the kinetic behavior of the xylose esterification process in biosurfactant synthesis by applying them to reactor mass balances, obtaining R2 values above 0.94, indicating a good predictive capacity. The trained fuzzy models were able to simulate the relationships between input variables and the output variable, enabling the construction of various response surface combinations and estimating the optimal operational condition at 55°C, RMS of 0:0.2, enzyme loading of 37.5 U/g, and 60 hours of reaction. The same condition was obtained when applying the particle swarm optimization algorithm, consistent with results from similar studies. Thus, this study demonstrated the capability of computational intelligence in modeling, simulation, and optimization of biosurfactant synthesis.
“Nossos livros foram discos": potencialidades pedagógicas do rap para a educação das relações étnico-raciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Santos, Paulo Henrique Ferreira Borges dos; Cruz, Ana Cristina Juvenal da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6736396213946663; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3910811443177285
This research presents the potentiality of rap for the education of ethnic-racial relations. It aims to understand rap as a culture elaborated from the intellectual production of the black diaspora, seeking to articulate it as a knowledge from which it is possible to outline it with school pedagogies. Thus, we aim, endorsing Law 10.639/03 and the guidelines of Opinion 003/2004 of the National Council of Education, to contribute to the elaboration of school practices that effectively contemplate the education of ethnic-racial relations. Methodologically, this research has as its corpus documentary analysis, interviews, bibliographic research, and rap works. As a political commitment, just as rap has historically emphasized, this research is a proposal for a political struggle response so that in the near future, lyrics like “I saw a little black boy / his notebook was a rifle” (Racionais MC's, 2002) are remembered just as elements of the past, and no longer as accounts of the lived experience of black people.
A produção do cuidado em saúde mental nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial - CAPS: um olhar sobre os sistemas de informação, suas potências e seus limites
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-16) Muriano, Manuela Lazarini; Gozzi, Alana de Paiva Nogueira Fornereto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0361502737203825; Barbosa, Larissa Campagna Martini; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8969823407559809; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9187784130200219
In order to strengthen management and professional practice for monitoring within the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), particularly within the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS), the Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS) become the focus of this study, recognizing their strategic role in care provision and organization. Objectives: To broaden and enhance the discussion among workers from the 25 CAPS accredited by December 2021 in the DRS XVII - Taubaté region, regarding the production registration in DATASUS official information systems: BPA-I, RAAS, and BPA-C. Method: This is a participatory action research, exploratory in nature with a mixed-method approach, conducted in three stages: 1. identification of accredited CAPS in the delimited region, via CNES; 2. Elaboration of individualized reports by CAPS, with information on monthly production from 2018 to 2021, according to DATASUS records, accompanied by an invitation letter for the indication of CAPS professionals to participate in a focus group; 3. Conducting 2 Focus Groups, using an informative activity and a problem situation as triggering strategies. Results: Quantitative data were presented as a regional snapshot, grouped by CAPS modality and by DATASUS Data Capture System, without the intention of producing comparative analyses between services. These results revealed situations of absence of records and, particularly, the lack of linearity of records for CAPS of the same modality. In the analysis by Data Capture System, the low quantity of records in BPA-I, which represents the patient's first contact with the unit, is noteworthy; the significant number of records of individually focused actions through RAAS; and the lack of regularity in the records of procedures that identify the user's pathway and articulation with the Network, through BPA-C. The content of the focus groups with CAPS workers provided elements for the qualitative analysis organized into two thematic categories: Challenges for the production and systematization of information and Reflections on the particularities/specificities of work in CAPS. In the first category, it was observed that territorial singularities interfere with the systematic way in which records are made and the challenges of workers to register and handle various data capture systems with fragile interoperability among them. In the second category, the discussion about the registration of production information and the reliability of data raises issues such as the bureaucratization of the work process and the relevance of maintaining permanent multidisciplinary spaces for case discussion, as well as prioritizing frequent educational actions related to production registration in information systems. Conclusions: It is hoped that this study will encourage RAPS managers and workers to use data available in DATASUS official information systems for CAPS monitoring, critical analysis of RAPS, and collaborative construction of actions focused on community-based and individual-centered needs. As a proactive strategy for managers, recommendations were presented in the fields of work management, information management, and clinical management.