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Relações étnico-raciais na formação de psicólogas/os: uma análise dos projetos pedagógicos de três cursos de graduação em psicologia, de universidades públicas no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Macedo, Ana Beatriz; Monteiro, Rosana Batista; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2567706339313166; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1672-8912; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7540919469697824; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2148-955X
The present study aimed to analyze the approach to topics related to ethnic-racial relations in the training of psychologists based on the pedagogical projects of three undergraduate Psychology courses at public universities in the state of São Paulo. The Psychology course in Brazil was shaped under Eurocentric influence and colonial ideals. Despite the debates of recent decades around racial inequalities and the approval of policies aimed at racial equality and combating racism, such as Resolution CNE/CP 01/2004, which establishes the Curricular Guidelines for Education on Ethnic-Racial Relations (DCNERER), the structuring of content and the epistemological basis, as political decisions, still contribute to the reproduction and perpetuation of patterns related to coloniality. Studies show that the inclusion of studies on ethnic-racial relations can provide essential tools for an anti-racist approach in Brazilian Psychology, so curricula should address topics relevant to ethnic-racial relations. The methodology included a literature review and documentary analysis of the pedagogical course projects (PPC) of three selected public universities in the state of São Paulo. The analysis of the PPC allowed us to verify how the theme of ethnic-racial relations is present (or not) in the curricula of the Psychology courses of the institutions. It is concluded that, despite the weaknesses identified in the PPC regarding compliance with the DCNERER, we identified movements that suggest advances in the inclusion of the theme of ethnic-racial relations studies in their training curricula.
Turismo na Amazônia ocidental: as transformações do ecoturismo na Comunidade Quilombola de Pedras Negras, Vale do Guaporé, Rondônia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Orozco, Margarita María Dueñas; Hanai, Frederico Yuri; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7651828454575175; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8428-0019; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9621366740477954; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9410-5617
The Guaporé Valley, in Rondônia State, Western Amazon, Brazil, is home to a rich bioculturality with communities of both locally traditional and indigenous people who permanently experience socio-environmental conflicts – among them, the Quilombola Community of Pedras Negras, which has an interesting and little-known history of community ecotourism. Around 1990, an internationally recognized project of community ecotourism was implemented in the Pedras Negras and Curralinho Extractive Reserves, they received technical, financial and training support from various institutions: entities, civil society organizations, public management, amongst others. Thus, the goal of the research was to analyze the transformations, the conflicts and the challenges existing in the Quilombola Community of Pedras Negras, located in Vale do Guaporé, Rondônia, due to tourism development, based on the history of conception and execution of the proposal, as well as for management and public policies related to tourism in this region. To do so, we first resorted to a systematic bibliographic review and documentary research, including analysis of tourism management and public policies in the state of Rondônia. Properly on site and, while the community's inhabitants being the main action in tourism management, interviewing, participant observation and field diary were the techniques used. The results indicate that the community ecotourism project was based on the guidelines of the World Wildlife Fund's Community-Based Ecotourism Manual (WWF, 2003), with strategic planning, responsible and participatory implementation, and community tourism management; notably focused on nature conservation. Nevertheless, over time, without the support and involvement of partner institutions, the community ecotourism was discontinued, what became fishing tourism. The local development of the Pedras Negras quilombo is compromised, firstly due to the lack of basic sanitation conditions, necessary infrastructure, river public transport, food shortages, health support, in addition to others; secondly the non-responsible practice of tourism currently in use. The monopolized management of sport fishing only contributes occasional and uneven financial benefits to the community, seriously affecting the well-being and integrity of socio-biodiversity, not to mention, causing multiple environmental, social and cultural impacts. The lack of community management for tourism is today one of the many challenges that the community needs to face for the development of community-based tourism, aiming to value traditional communities through effective participation that generates endogenous, socioeconomic development fair and sustainable.
Orientações quanto à prevenção de quedas de pessoas idosas caidoras da comunidade submetidos à gestão de casos: ensaio clínico randomizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Sossai, Mariana Ignácio; Pantoni, Camila Bianca Falasco; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0244296301167548; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-3672; Ansai, Juliana Hotta; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1028110691131464; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9873-3509; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7619034720694899; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2924-9902; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2924-9902
Some conditions can be detrimental to the health of the older people, such as falls. The importance of research and interventions for clinical practice to prevent falls is well known. However, the results of studies on the applicability of different fall screening methods in developing countries are still inconclusive. Objectives: To verify the effects of a remote intervention, based on an individual case management plan, on falls and their consequences for community-dwelling older people with a history of falls; to verify adherence and applicability to filling in and following up the falls calendar and responding to monthly phone calls by older people fallers and what factors influence them to adopt these practices in their daily lives. Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial carried out remotely between 2021 and 2022. Older people fallers included in the Multidisciplinary and Assistance Program for the Management of Falls for Older People Fallers (MAGIC) at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) took part in the study. The participants were divided into two groups: The Control Group and the Intervention Group. The Intervention Group underwent a 16-week case management program, which included a multidimensional assessment, a proposed intervention according to the risks identified, the development of an individualized care plan, as well as follow-up and monitoring. There was an initial assessment with sociodemographic, health and functional data, a re-evalu- ation after 16 weeks on falls and a 12-month follow-up on falls, starting from the beginning of the first assessment. To assess falls, the data collected during the monthly telephone calls and from the records in the falls calendar were used, based on the following aspects: "number of falls", "number of fallers", "number of falls per person", "when was the first fall (month)?", "when was the second fall (month)?", "consequences", "injurious falls", "falls resulting in medical expenses/hospitalizations", "fractures", "mortality". From this data, adherence to the falls calendar was measured, as to whether it was filled in properly, and how important the monthly phone calls were, as well as quantifying the data from these screening tools. Results: The total sample consisted of 56 older people, 27 from the CG and 29 from the IG. There was no significant interaction between groups and time points in terms of falls data. The CG had a higher number of falls and consequences compared to the IG, at all three assessment times. There was no satisfactory adherence to the falls calendar in either group. As for sensitivity and specificity, a value of 21.2% was obtained for sensitivity and 18.75% for specificity. In addition, clinical and sociodemographic factors did not influence the sample to adhere to the falls calendar. Conclusion: As for the falls data, there was no effectiveness of a remote intervention based on case management for older people fallers compared to the control group. There was no adherence to the falls calendar and clinical and sociodemographic factors did not influence the sample to adhere to the screening tool for falls and their consequences. It is suggested that more randomized clinical trials with similar methodologies be carried out, using monthly phone calls to screen for falls, in order to prove the findings and improve the effectiveness of intervention protocols in case management for older people fallers.
Fabricação de próteses para articulação: um estudo comparativo entre processos convencionais e manufatura aditiva em liga de titânio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Lozan, Rodrigo; Shiki, Sidney Bruce; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573973677787523; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9373-3630; Barbosa, Gustavo Franco; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4027686840017498; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2961-5178; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3587679868774573; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3607-8834
Engineering seeks to align itself with medicine, seeking solutions to make the life of the human being increasingly comfortable, and joint prostheses that are implanted directly into the human body are an example of this partnership. So, the aim of this research is to conduct a comparative analysis between two primary manufacturing processes employed in the fabrication of joint prostheses, where analysis focuses on evaluation of surface finish roughness and mechanical properties are performed. The product chosen for analysis was a radial head prosthesis, applied in surgeries called partial elbow arthroplasty. To achieve this objective, specimens made of Ti6Al4V alloy were manufactured using both conventional machining and additive manufacturing techniques, specifically Electron Beam Melting (EBM). Following laboratory tests, tensile tests, three-point flexural tests, surface hardness measurements, and surface finish roughness verification were performed to evaluate the mechanical characteristics. The test’ results showed that both manufacturing processes yield comparable mechanical characteristics, suggesting that more specific requirements should serve as the primary parameter for selecting between them. Thus, the advantages of the additive manufacturing process over conventional machining include: reduction of removed material during the production, and places where a high level of precision is not required, additively manufactured parts can be removed near net shape. The disadvantages are: high fabrication time, high process cost and poor quality of finishing.
The minimal important difference of patient-reported outcome measures related to female urinary incontinence: a systematic review
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03) Silva, Jordana Barbosa da; Calixtre, Letícia Bojikian; Von Piekartz, D; Driusso, Patricia; Armijo-Olivo, Susan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8898319491890063; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8067-9786
The minimal important difference is a valuable metric in ascertaining the clinical relevance of a treatment, offering valuable guidance in patient management. There is a lack of available evidence concerning this metric in the context of outcomes related to female urinary incontinence, which might negatively impact clinical decision-making. Objectives To summarize the minimal important difference of patient-reported outcome measures associated with urinary incontinence, calculated according to both distribution- and anchor-based methods. Methods This is a systematic review conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The search strategy including the main terms for urinary incontinence and minimal important difference were used in five different databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus) in 09 June 2021 and were updated in January 09, 2024 with no limits for date, language or publication status. Studies that provided minimal important difference (distribution- or anchor-based methods) for patient-reported outcome measures related to female urinary incontinence outcomes were included. The study selection and data extraction were performed independently by two different researchers. Only studies that reported the minimal important difference according to anchor-based methods were assessed by credibility and certainty of the evidence. When possible, absolute minimal important differences were calculated for each study separately according to the mean change of the group of participants that slightly improved. Results Twelve studies were included. Thirteen questionnaires with their respective minimal important differences reported according to distribution (effect size, standard error of measurement, standardized response mean) and anchor-based methods were found. Most of the measures for anchor methods did not consider the smallest difference identified by the participants to calculate the minimal important difference. All reports related to anchor-based methods presented low credibility and very low certainty of the evidence. We pooled 20 different estimates of minimal important differences using data from primary studies, considering different anchors and questionnaires. Conclusions There is a high variability around the minimal important difference related to patient-reported outcome measures for urinary incontinence outcomes according to the method of analysis, questionnaires, and anchors used, however, the credibility and certainty of the evidence to support these is still limited.
De volta para o afrofuturo: um olhar sociológico sobre representações do afrofuturismo no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Lima, Cairo Henrique dos Santos; Medeiros, Priscila Martins de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8021362429861754; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9620-8946; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0199085192792066; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9874-8452
This master's thesis aims to study Afrofuturism in Brazil, emphasizing the articulation of the Afrofuturist aesthetic project through different artistic languages. Our general objective is to characterize the relationships between Afrofuturism in Brazil and the African diaspora, discussing multiple forms of representation. To this end, we seek to think sociologically about the creative relationships that exist between the historical context of Afrofuturism, cultural representations and the social experiences of Afrofuturist artists. The specific objectives are: a) to understand the influence of cultural hybridization on the representations and experiences of Afrofuturism in Brazil; b) verify, in Afrofuturist works, the meanings of common aesthetic elements, such as body, territory and State; c) characterize the experiences of Afrofuturist artists in Brazil. The following text presents a possible genealogy of Afrofuturism in the United States, a sociological interpretation regarding the reinterpretation of the aesthetic antecedents of Afrofuturism in Brazil, a discussion of its conceptual assumptions, a set of indepth analyzes of Brazilian Afrofuturist works, and interviews with brazilian afrofuturists artists. Our methodological framework is based on content analysis with an emphasis on the theory of cultural representation applied to works from different artistic niches, and in-depth interviews with the artist-subjects. Starting from the theoretical perspective of Cultural and Post-Colonial studies, we seek to discuss processes of hybridization based on themes such as creative black agency and criticism of modern thought.
Sobrevivência de ninhos e novos aspectos da biologia reprodutiva de aves para o Centro de Endemismo Pernambuco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Araújo, Lahert William Lobo de; Francisco, Mercival Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4305313620456233; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4555929970744239
Tropical forests are megadiverse, but at the same time they have been highly degraded in such a way that biodiversity conservation has often relied on the management of the remaining forest patches. The survival of bird’s nests can be low in fragmented habitats due to top-predators extinction causing increased population densities of small and medium-sized nest predators, or because of the invasion of alien nest predators. Large forest tracts no longer exist in the Pernambuco Endemism Center (PEC) and all of the top-predators were long extinct. Here, we addressed nest survival of forest understory birds from three PEC fragments (690, 979, and 1049 ha), and we used infra-red camera-traps for predators’ identification. Apparent nest survival was 15.5%, and nest-day based survival probability for the four more representative species (including two endemic and threatened taxa) were 2.6, 4.4, 6.9, and 18.9%. Predators were marmosets (25%), opossums (25%), tegu (19.4%), coati (16.7%), snakes (8.3%) and hawks (5.5%). Furthermore, we present nest descriptions and new reproductive information for the brown-winged mourner Schiffornis turdina intermedia and for the tody-tyrant Hemitriccus griseipectus naumburgae, as well as the first description of the pre-copulatory display of the reddish hermite Phaetornis ruber. Our data improved our understanding about the main threats to the birds of the PEC and provided a background for the development of conservation management strategies.
Shear bond and shear fatigue of geosynthetic interlayered asphalt overlays
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Silva, Matheus Pena da Silva e; Correia, Natália de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2172645507238077; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6867-9596; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8819593174579282; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7009-4458
Innovative applications of paving geosynthetics have emerged to reduce reflective crack propagation and moisture infiltration in pavement structures, leading to the development of various products such as paving grids, composites, and mats. The diversity within the geosynthetic market encompasses products with differing properties. Ensuring an adequate bond between paving geosynthetics and adjacent asphalt layers is crucial for proper asphalt system performance. However, the impact of paving geosynthetic properties, along with tack coat types and rates, on bond properties remains uncertain. This study aims to assess the influence of multiple factors on interface shear bond and shear fatigue parameters. A comprehensive testing program utilizing a multifunctional interface shear tester and laboratory-prepared double-layered asphalt specimens with paving geosynthetics was conducted. The experimental setup involved nine types of paving geosynthetics, two tack coat types, and varying tack coat rates. Results from interface shear bond tests demonstrate significant effects from the paving geosynthetic type, tack coat type and rate, as well as their interactions. Multiple linear regression analysis identified geogrid mesh area, paving geosynthetic thickness, fabric backing thickness, and presence of bitumen coating as key factors influencing interface shear strength. A predictive model for geosynthetic-reinforced asphalt layers' interface shear strength based on geosynthetic properties is proposed. Additionally, shear fatigue test results revealed that bitumen content of the geosynthetic coating, type of fabric in the geosynthetics, and geogrid mesh area predominantly affect shear fatigue life. Furthermore, a correlation between shear fatigue life and interface bond parameters was observed. Overall, these findings enhance understanding of geosynthetic properties affecting short and long-term bonding properties, as well as the impact of tack coat type and rate, and, in the case of shear fatigue tests, test frequency.
A importância da transparência e intervenção humana nas tecnologias de Inteligência Artificial: uma análise crítica das iniciativas de regulamentação ética em andamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Silva, Andréa Maria Fieri; Martins, Dalton Lopes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3774617443225038; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6244-6791; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6980151851643386; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8683-3605
The advancement of Artificial Intelligence in various areas of society has raised concerns in various areas and ethical regulation, therefore, has become an urgent and relevant topic. This study aims to examine ethical regulations of technologies that use Artificial Intelligence in different parts of the world. By analyzing the content of current legislation, we seek to offer a comprehensive view of the current situation and identify the challenges and gaps to be faced in the future. The ethical regulation of Artificial Intelligence is essential to ensure that its development and that its use is conducted in a responsible, transparent and secure manner, without further aggravating the vulnerability of subjects and State institutions.
Proposição de metodologia de análise da influência de um corpo d'água na paisagem sonora urbana: estudo de caso na cidade de Piracicaba - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Fernandes, Maria Eugênia; Masiero, Érico; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691827106518167; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8347430736328422
Growing urbanization contributes to health problems, with noise pollution, mainly caused by traffic noise, being a major nuisance leading to disturbances, including sleep disorders. Research on soundscapes that considers the context and user perception has improved urban acoustic quality, especially due to the masking potential of positive sound sources over traffic noise. This research proposes a methodology to analyze the influence of bodies of water on the urban soundscape through sound pressure level measurements and user perception evaluations around an urban river in Piracicaba-SP, considering seasonal variations in water flow. Questionnaires were administered to assess user perception and to calculate acoustic and psychoacoustic parameters. The main sound sources identified were water, traffic, and birdsong. The sound levels at the evaluated points are above the ABNT NBR 10151 standard limit, but only at the point with intense traffic does this result coincide with user perception. Although respondents perceive differences at points with intense traffic, tolerance was high at all points, even with elevated sound pressure levels. Seasonal variations influence the perception of comfort, tolerance, and pleasantness, being more positive during the dry season. However, at points with intense and moderate traffic, negative perceptions were mitigated during the wet season. Hearing more water sounds is associated with more positive sound environments. Thus, the research confirms the hypothesis that natural sounds improve soundscape quality and increase user tolerance to the urban sound environment.
Avaliação da toxicidade do agrotóxico Clorpirifós e do metal cádmio, isolados e em misturas, sobre cladóceros nativos da região neotropical
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Raymundo, Larissa Broggio; Rocha, Odete; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7437058585326472; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0991-6074
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of isolated and combined concentrations of the compounds Chlorpyrifos and Cadmium on native cladocerans from tropical regions: Ceriodaphnia silvestrii, Ceriodaphnia rigaudi, and Moina micrura. To achieve this, acute toxicity tests were conducted with the isolated compounds and their combinations with C. silvestrii and C. rigaudi. Chronic toxicity tests were performed, evaluating reproduction, growth, neonate size, and immobility with C. silvestrii and C. rigaudi. Chronic tests were also conducted through different exposure routes (water, diet, and both) with M. micrura. Acute toxicity tests with Cadmium resulted in a 48-hour EC50 of 0.02 mg L-1 for C. rigaudi and 0.026 mg L-1 for C. silvestrii. The Chlorpyrifos tests yielded EC50-48h values of 0.047 μg L-1 and 0.062 μg L-1, respectively. Tests with mixtures indicated the occurrence of additive effects for C. rigaudi, whereas for C. silvestrii, antagonistic effects were observed depending on dose level. According to the Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA), Cadmium represented a high risk, while Chlorpyrifos posed insignificant to high risk. Reproduction in both species exposed to Chlorpyrifos was affected at all tested concentrations (0.0014, 0.0028, 0.0042, 0.0056, 0.0070, and 0.0140 μg L-1). Exposure to Cadmium affected the reproduction of both, C. rigaudi at all tested concentrations (0.001; 0.003; 0.005; 0.011; 0.016 and 0. mg L-1) and C. silvestrii at 0.002; 0.003; 0.005; 0.008 and 0.011 mg L-1. Neonate size produced by C. rigaudi and C. silvestrii exposed to Chlorpyrifos was affected at all tested concentrations. Cadmium exposure affected the neonate size of C. rigaudi at concentrations of 0.002; 0.005; 0.008 and 0.011mg L-1 and of C. silvestrii at 0.005; 0.011; 0.016 and 0.022 mg L-1. Growth of C. rigaudi exposed to Chlorpyrifos was affected at concentrations of 0.007 and 0.014 μg L-1, and of C. silvestrii at 0.0014, 0.0042, 0.005, 0.007, and 0.014 μg L-1. Cadmium exposure affected the growth of C. rigaudi at 0.002; 0.005; 0.008 and 0.011 mg L-1, and of C. silvestrii at 0.011; 0.016 and 0.022 mg L-1. Chronic toxicity tests on M. micrura exposed to Chlorpyrifos revealed no significant difference between treatments and the control group in terms of reproduction, growth, and feeding activity at the tested concentrations (0.14 and 0.28 μg L-1). In conclusion, both the isolated compounds and their combinations exhibited toxicity to the evaluated organisms, posing potential ecological risks to the biota of aquatic environments.
Estudo da solidificação, refusão a laser, propriedades mecânicas e resistência ao desgaste de ligas AlSi10MgXNi (X=0,1,2,3)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Moura, Danusa Araújo de; Spinelli, José Eduardo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8882038118634925; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1038; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9519335454034025; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3962-369X
The AlSi10Mg alloys play a significant role in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and microelectronics due to a combination of properties and characteristics, including low density, good mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and affordable application cost. Although widely used, there is still room for improvement in their mechanical properties. In this context, the present study aimed to investigate the influence of Ni addition (1, 2, and 3% by weight) on directionally solidified (DS) AlSi10Mg alloy, at lower cooling rates, and laser surface remelted (RSL) alloy, at higher rates, on microstructure, tensile strength, hardness, nanohardness, and wear resistance. Cooling rates were determined for DS samples and estimated by extrapolation for RSL samples. α-Al dendritic arrangements were found in the microstructure of all tested alloys (DS and RSL), surrounded by the eutectic constituent. The microstructure of quaternary alloys consisted of α-Al+Si+Al3Ni phases, with Al3Ni having a predominant fishbone morphology found in higher proportions due to slow cooling and increased Ni content. The AlSi10Mg-1Ni alloy showed the best tensile results, reaching 4.6% elongation and a strength of 208 MPa, attributed to fine dendritic spacing (< 18 μm) and a mixture of Al3Ni with fishbone and plate morphology. Phase clusters identified in the melt pools were related to α-Al, Al+Si, and Al+Si+Al3Ni constituents. Overall, the melt pool hardness increased with higher Ni content, due to an increase in the Al3Ni intermetallic fraction. The AlSi10Mg-1Ni alloy exhibited the highest wear resistance among all DS samples in the short-term wear test (10 min/0.5 N), while RSL samples showed similar wear.
"As cordas de um cordel": narrativas sobre a Primeira República brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Pereira, Diego Ramon Souza; Cepêda, Vera Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4917331423373631; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1912-6415; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6021855054577870; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1912-6415
This doctoral thesis analyzes the literary production of "cordel" – understood as a form of organizing worldview, information, and communication – in the context of the First Republic (1889-1930), aiming to intersect the effects of modernization and national social transformation processes initiated by the proclamation of the Republic with its reception and incorporation into the agenda of themes addressed by cordel literature. The First Republic period was marked by significant changes in political structure (end of the monarchy), economy (crisis in the primary-export model), labor (transition from slavery to wage labor), and daily life (urbanization and increasing secularization). These changes were potentially perceived, understood, and reinterpreted (positively or negatively) by popular cordel literature, widely circulated in Northeastern society at that time. Thus, this doctoral thesis starts with the question: what are the meanings of the Republic present in the narratives produced in cordel literature? To answer this, the production of a specific group of authors called the group of minor cordelists is analyzed. These authors include Silvino Pirauá de Lima, Pacífico da Silva "Cordeiro Manso", José Galdino da Silva Duda, João Melquíades Ferreira da Silva, Antonio Ferreira da Cruz, and Francisco das Chagas Batista. The hypothesis is tested that these cordelists expressed in their works the agenda of debates around social, political, economic, and cultural phenomena surrounding the emerging Republic. Simultaneously, they potentially conveyed a worldview developed according to their perspectives and values, capable of influencing the public as intellectuals. The analysis includes the labor of cordel works, their sociopolitical and cultural role in the reality of the selected period and region, reflections, and justifications regarding the selection of authors, and the verticalization of cordels produced by each author. The latter aims to map the agenda of themes over time, seeking dynamics, emphases, and types of approach, as well as to explore explanatory elements regarding the social meanings attributed to everyday facts, emotions, religion, social roles, politics, the growing hegemony of the urban-industrial world represented by the southeast, and the drastic ongoing world events. The qualitative approach of the thesis relies on Discourse Theory to analyze 23 complete narratives from a cataloged universe of 41 cordels, created by the six cordelists of the group of minor cordelists. The thesis demonstrates that cordels are important materials for analyzing social thought since cordelists, acting as intellectuals, echo critical views of modernization and republicanism, as well as conservative tones through narratives reinforcing religious values (Catholicism). The Republic is criticized, especially regarding tax collection and the increase in inequalities. The Northeastern people are valued while stories of local disputes and national/international events are narrated. There is also a duality between modernization and tradition (curiosity and fear). Finally, by discussing transformations in the context of the First Republic, the narratives shed light on changes in the social fabric of the Northeast.
"O negro toca, o negro canta e o negro dança, foi lá no meu terreiro que aprendi desde a infância": a prática cultural do samba enquanto uma encruzilhada de experiências e agências afro-diaspóricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Grosso, Laura Mendes; Medeiros, Priscila Martins de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8021362429861754; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9620-8946; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9266409780760628; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6754-4713
This research was interested in the cultural practice of samba, especially in the city of Londrina (PR). The main sociological problem that guided the work is around the following question: to what extent does the cultural practice of samba politically position the experience and agency of the Afro-diasporic subject? In view of this, the work aimed to analyze the extent to which the cultural practice of samba is constituted as part of black agency in Londrina (PR). In order to get closer to this interest, three specific objectives were set: a) to identify the social issues surrounding the black population in the city; b) to outline the meanings of this cultural practice for black samba dancers in Londrina; c) to analyze whether and how the black agency constituted in the city through the practice of samba, tensions the narratives produced around the cultural differences of the municipality and helps to construct and narrate the paths and history of the black population in the city. To this end, the research is anchored in a central argument: that Afro-diasporic subjects have inscribed themselves in Brazil through an individual and collective agency based on three principles: crossroads, Exu and enchantment. We argue that it is operated through a “mandingueiro doing”, which finds its place par excellence in samba. Samba is more than just a musical genre, it is a cultural practice based on a continuum of playing-dancing-singing and enchantment, which feeds back into the body and the black experience in the African diaspora. The research, articulated with post-colonial theories and cultural studies, was built through documentary research in the Folha de Londrina newspaper (NDPH-UEL) and semi-structured interviews. In addition to tracing the potential of the philosophies and way of life of samba from London's samba dancers, we found a 58-year history of samba schools in the municipality that informed another type of sociability.
Novas modelagens de risco aditivo com fragilidade para análise de dados de sobrevivência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Silva, Felipe Rodrigues da; Tomazella, Vera Lucia Damasceno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8870556978317000; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7256633363389848
Survival analysis emerges as a valuable statistical area for examining the time until the occurrence of events of interest. Several models were designed and applied in different areas such as: Medicine, Engineering, Biomedicine and Social Sciences. The model proposed by Cox (1972) stands out as one of the most recognized and used in the analysis of survival data. However, it is important to note that this model assumes that risks are proportional, an assumption that is not always reasonable. An alternative model to Cox proportional hazards models is the additive hazard model that was initially proposed by Aalen (1980). In the additive model, the effect of the covariates is inserted additively into the base hazard function. In many situations there are factors not observed in the study that influence survival time, so for univariate survival data a random effect, called Aalen (1978) and Clayton (1978) as a frailty term, can be entered additively or multiplicatively to estimate this unobserved heterogeneity. In this context, the additively inserted frailty term for risk modeling in univariate data analysis and recurring event data was studied and applied to real data. Furthermore, a proposal for an estimator for individual frailties was presented. Also a cure fraction model with additive frailty was proposed and applied to real data, where this model is applicable to studies in which there are individuals who are considered immune, cured or not susceptible to the event of interest. A new alternative additive risk modeling was also proposed based on Gupta (2016). The maximum likelihood estimation approach was used to estimate the parameters of the models studied, and studies via Monte Carlo simulation were developed to evaluate the behavior of maximum likelihood estimators.
As relações entre o autobiográfico e o ficcional e a incorporação de conceitos físico-cosmológicos na trama do romance Olho de Gato: duas propostas de análise e suas possibilidades de convergência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Oliveira, Gisele Silva; Pinto, Débora Cristina Morato; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1311151012002541; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7645229615700617
This work aims to propose analyzes of Margaret Atwood's novel Cat's Eye, based on two main interpretative approaches. The first purpose is the reflections that the work raises around the relationships between the autobiographical and the fictional. It thus seeks to think about these relationships, based on the Bergsonian conception of memory, in order to examine the role of mnemonic activity as an element that mediates them. It also seeks to explore the notions of autobiographical novel, by Philippe Lejeune (2014), and autofiction by Serge Doubrovsky (1977), also using the critical perspective of Evando Nascimento (2010/2017) on these notions, with the aim of verifying the potential dialogue between them and the novel object of study. The second interpretative bias aims to investigate the incorporation of assumptions from physical-cosmological theories and their possible resignification in the service of the literariness of language. In the end, this work aims to verify and highlight possibilities of correlations and convergences between the two proposed analytical paths.
Autoeficácia, números de pontos de dor, incapacidade e intensidade relacionada a dor em pessoas idosas com dor lombar crônica inespecífica: análise secundária do ensaio clínico randomizado aleatorizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Neves dos Santos, Elen Juliana; Gramani-Say, Karina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5096508613057074; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2451-8109; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2637422763614409; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6253-7319
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is the most prevalent, affecting 40% of the Brazilian population, and 20 to 25% of the population over 60 years of age, being one of the main causes of leaves of absence, disability retirement, low productivity and absenteeism at work. , generating a great demand for the healthcare system, making it a public health problem. Biopsychosocial in nature, it often requires a multidisciplinary approach, and psychological factors have been significant in the complaints of patients with CLBP. Considering that pain is influenced by physical, psychological and social factors, treatment should not be restricted only to the biomedical model and pain relief, but should emphasize elements that are obstacles to recovery and return to daily life and social activities. We must highlight the importance of an assessment that addresses psychological aspects, therefore, we cannot fail to include the assessment of self-efficacy, considered as a protective factor, self-efficacy can become a powerful mediator between musculoskeletal pain and its established disabilities. Objective: To analyze whether there is a correlation between self-efficacy and the number of pain points in elderly people with CLBP. Methodology: Cross-sectional study, secondary analysis of the controlled and randomized clinical trial, which compared Functional Cognitive Therapy (CBT) with the Solo Pilates Method (MPS). Results: the sample was mostly female, with an average age of 70 years. Regarding self-efficacy, participants presented high self-efficacy (average of 38 points) and a low number of pain points (average of 6 points). In the Pearson correlation test, there was no correlation between self-efficacy and number of pain points (p=0.414). Conclusion: We can conclude that there was no correlation between the variables self-efficacy and number of pain points. The older people who participated in this study showed high self-efficacy.
RYUKYANO/OKINAWANO OU JAPONÊS COMO DILEMA IDENTITÁRIO: da formação do Estado-nação japonês às representações no TikTok
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Uechi, Gabriela Franco; Alves, Mariana Faiad Batista; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3951073428352583; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7643-6044; Gatti, Márcio Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0369563657842763; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9902-2856; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0293766134704853; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0570-666X
This research was grounded in the hypothesis of constructing a Ryukyuan/Okinawan identity discourse in opposition to the dominant Japanese discourse that categorizes them as Japanese. The historiographical review highlighted the distinction between these two identities. In the analysis, data collected from the TikTok digital content platform were employed, conceptualizing it as a "discursive medium" carrying an ethical world intrinsic to the examined discourses. The methodological and analytical framework of the research was anchored in the notion of "discursive ethos," as explored by Maingueneau (2018; 2020). From the analyzed material, it can be concluded that the Ryukyuan/Okinawan identity discourse is characterized by the cultural particularities of this people, which, even after the period of Japanese colonial assimilation and migratory processes, remains present and distinct from the Japanese national identity discourse.
Associação entre a avaliação objetiva funcional e alterações nos testes sensoriais quantitativos em pacientes com osteoartrite de joelho. Um estudo transversal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-01) Sette, Filipe Estevão; Mattiello, Stela Márcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1406279816228350; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9484-8026; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9241843315559898; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5839-9977
Chronic painful diseases present considerable complexity, both for their resolution and understanding. Resulting in episodes of disability, these conditions can impact various aspects of the affected individuals' lives. Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic, degenerative disease affecting millions worldwide. Furthermore, its growth rate in recent years has become a concern within the context of disabilities and high healthcare costs. Sensory alterations and changes in pain processing are frequently observed in individuals with osteoarthritis (OA). However, there is no consensus on the relationship between such alterations, functional performance, and objective physical activity in people with KOA. Given that sensory findings may predict functional characteristics in KOA individuals, the objective of this study was to investigate whether pain sensitivity is associated with functional performance and objective physical activity in patients with KOA. Methods: This study was designed as an observational model with cross-sectional analysis of collected data. Additionally, the study adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines. Anthropometric data were collected, and the McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire was administered. Subsequently, physical function tests were conducted, including chair sit-to-stand, 40-meter fast-paced walking, and stair climb-and-descent tests. Following these tests, an accelerometer was attached to the middle third of the right thigh and worn continuously for 7 consecutive days to obtain objective physical activity data. After accelerometer removal, quantitative sensory tests (QST) were performed, including pressure pain threshold (PPT), temporal summation (TS), and conditioned pain modulation (CPM), at two points: proximal (medial joint line of the most symptomatic knee) and a remote point (contralateral long flexor carpi muscle). Descriptive analysis of the variables was conducted, and normality and variance homogeneity were assessed. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the association between study variables. A significance level of 5% (p<0.05) was adopted for all analyses. Results: Only one association was found between variables: remote point CPM and the 40-meter fast-paced walking test. Moreover, no other associative measures were found in the study. Conclusion: Based on our results, central pain may impair gait speed in people with KOA, while objective physical activity, as evaluated by accelerometer, seems to reflect similar outcomes to functional performance when related to pain sensitization.
Ensino remoto na era da computação ubíqua: análise comparativa dos processos formativos de alunos universitários brasileiros e alemães em tempos de COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-03) Zuin, Antonio; Lastória, Luiz Antonio Nabuco; Gomes, Luiz Roberto; Peres, Helga caroline; Duci, Juliana; Carvalho, João Mauro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5543562307373287; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2752243344158475; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4768579559449929; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1570609498697528; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3679629908085589; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0853126361813777; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6850-2897; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-5687; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8867-7897; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-138X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7951-4906; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6789-8316