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Análise de dispositivos hidrológicos de infiltração com modelagem por dinâmica de sistemas aplicada em São Carlos-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-11)
Saran, Maria Natália
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Costa, Daniel Jadyr Leite
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5666440995767109
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1136-7986
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9638436244172850
During urbanization, the concern with urban drainage was insufficient, so that the effects can be observed by the increasing occurrence of floods. In an attempt to reduce these impacts in cities, flood control techniques emerge, and then compensatory drainage techniques, such as lot control techniques. In this context, one of the most common devices is the infiltration well, a structure that aims to assist in the infiltration of rainwater incident on a lot. With regard to hydrological modeling, the most used techniques for calculating the decrease in downstream flow are iteration methods, which can be solved through the implementation of numerical methods in electronic spreadsheets. However, due to the complexity of implementing these methods in this type of spreadsheet, this path is sometimes unusual, and the designer ends up seeking to implement analytical solutions, when they exist. However, if there is the possibility of solving this type of problem through the use of numerical methods, in a safe and simplified way, this can open up the range of options for resolution methods, and also, on the other hand, make the use of numerical methods with diverse applications within the area of hydrological science. Therefore, with the purpose of improving calculations, and obtaining greater ease and understanding for the hydrologist, this work sought through the fundamentals of Systems Dynamics, and with the use of Vensim Software, a way of modeling problems through a simpler and more user-friendly interface when compared to the use of electronic spreadsheets. In addition to building the hydrological infiltration model in a Systems Dynamics environment, data were collected through field experiments to calibrate the model, using a new infiltrometer, in addition to comparing results based on conditions assumed by other authors. It is considered that the model performed satisfactorily for the conditions that were analyzed.
O habitus migratório de um município mineiro: uma análise a partir de egressos do ensino médio de Governador Valadares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-11)
Lima, Ricardo Gomes
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Carvalho, Joelson Gonçalves de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0141039743607067
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4894-1400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2777062106568395
This study adopted Bourdieu's theory of habitus, with an emphasis on migration, as a theoretical lens to understand the migratory phenomenon in Governador Valadares, MG. The objective was to verify whether the formative process of participants from private, federal, and state education networks influenced their views on migration in the municipality and to deepen the analysis of the perspectives of young people from Governador Valadares on emigration, characterizing the migratory habitus and the set of capitals for its consolidation. The study was structured into two articles: the first presented a literature review specifically focused on the application of Bourdieu's theory to the analysis of various migration studies. It was evidenced that this approach provides a valuable analytical perspective for understanding migratory phenomena. Among Bourdieu's concepts explored, habitus and the interconnection between different types of capital were the most frequently employed by researchers. Habitus proved fundamental in understanding migratory dynamics, influencing the trajectories and experiences of migrants. Additionally, the analysis of the interconnection between various capitals reveals transformations in the trajectory of migrants throughout the migratory process. The second article presented qualitative research on the migratory phenomenon in Governador Valadares through a structured questionnaire applied to former students of the integrated education program at the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology - Governador Valadares campus, regular high school education from the state education network, and private high school education in the municipality. The hypothesis was that the formative process in the different education networks present in the municipality constitutes acquired cultural capital, potentially providing different views on the current context of the municipality and the aspects of the identified migratory habitus. This hypothesis was partially confirmed by the study.
Neuropatia periférica diabética - caracterização dos sinais e sintomas nos membros superiores e implicações para a fisioterapia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-11)
Balbino, Milena Stephanie Bezerra
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Ferreira, Julia Kortstee
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Camargo, Paula Rezende
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7602596349127054
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important public health problem due to its high incidence and the condition of persistent hyperglycemic, which is directly associated with several comorbidities. Among DM comorbidities we can highlight the diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), which manifests significantly in the lower limbs and is a risk factor for the development of ulcerations on the feet of those with DM. Although some studies have also suggested a manifestation of DPN in the upper limbs, data regarding the occurrence of DPN in this segment and its relation with the manifestation in the lower limbs are scarce. Objectives: This study aims to characterize and compare the manifestation of DPN in the upper limbs (dominant and non- dominant) between people with DM who have and have not manifested DPN in the lower limbs. Methods: Forty-four individuals with DM (diagnosis time: 10.4 ± 6.7 years) participated in this study. The participants were divided into two groups, each made up of 8 women and 14 men. One group was composed of individuals with DM and no diagnosis of DPN (n =22, age = 49 [41 – 55] years), while the other was composed of individuals with DM and DPN (n = 22, age = 51 [43 – 57] years). The evaluation of DPN manifestation in the upper limbs was performed by a questionnaire on symptomatology and clinical tests of hand tactile and vibratory sensitivity, handgrip strength test, and the Jebsen-Taylor Test. The groups were compared using Student’s t or Mann-Whitney according to the distribution of the data. The chi-square test (χ2) and Fisher's exact test were used for categorical data. Spearman's correlation test (r) was also used to analyze the association between lower limb DPN and upper limb DPN symptoms. For all analyses, the significance level was set at 5%. Results: The group with DM and DPN presented higher levels of fasting glycemia and glycated hemoglobin (p < 0.05), as well as lower tactile sensitivity in the course of the median and ulnar nerves of the dominant hand and the ulnar nerve of the non-dominant hand (p < 0.05), lower vibration sensitivity of the non- dominant hand (p = < 0.05), and longer time to perform the Jebsen-Taylor test with the dominant and non-dominant hand (p < 0.05). Correlations were observed between the severity of DPN in the lower limbs and the subsequent variables related to DPN in the upper limbs: DPN symptoms, tactile and vibratory sensitivity, and manual function. Conclusion: Lack of glycemic control appears to be associated with the development of DPN. The presence and severity of DPN appears to be associated with a reduction in tactile and vibratory sensitivity of the hands, and with functional deficits in the hands of individuals with DM.
Uma mãe, um mestiço, um epilético e uma prostituta: as irônicas interidentidades em O esplendor de Portugal (1997), de António Lobo Antunes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-12)
Cruz, Kairo Lazarini da
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Ferreira, Patrícia Martinho
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Sá, André Corrêa de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9917292649643029
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5337861535864682
This work aims to analyze the novel O Esplendor de Portugal (1997), by António Lobo Antunes, from a post-colonial perspective. Although this starting point is not exactly new, I hope that my reading proposal of the novel will enrich its critical reception with new points of view and highlight the importance of this approach in contemporary discussions about Portuguese identity. The dissertation is developed through two interconnected lines of analysis. Firstly, it’s based on Boaventura de Sousa Santos' (2003) concept of “interidentity”, which suggests that the self-representation of the Portuguese colonizer creates a disjunction between the subject and object of colonial representation. I examine the way in which the characters Isilda, Carlos, Rui and Clarisse, Portuguese settlers in Africa in the context of the historical end of colonialism and the subsequent Angolan Civil War (1975-2002), evoke geographic displacement and family breakdown as paradigmatic examples of this concept. Secondly, I argue that the notion of inter-identity allows to formulate an ironic subversion of symbolic systems that represent the colonial ethos of the Portuguese empire. From this point of view, the family microcosm of this novel can function as a model for a sustained critique of the notion of “Portugal's splendor” popularized by the official historiography of the Portuguese Estado Novo.
Expressão gênica diferencial de abelhas Apis mellifera expostas a diferentes agrotóxicos: integração de informações por meio da construção de uma base de dados e identificação de assinaturas moleculares dos efeitos adversos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-12)
Dias, Débora Thomazim
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Del Lama, Marco Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7198095288825585
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3329-8953
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Nunes, Francis de Morais Franco
Pesticides are utilized across diverse environments, including urban, industrial, agricultural, and livestock settings. Despite their effectiveness in pest control, pesticides exert detrimental effects on ecosystems and various organisms, notably pollinators like Apis mellifera bees. Responsible for pollinating approximately 73% of the world's cultivated plant species, A. mellifera has encountered Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), partly attributed to pesticide usage. To investigate these effects, molecular biology techniques such as transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) have gained prominence. Numerous studies employing RNA-Seq have examined changes in gene expression profiles across different castes, tissues, and developmental stages of A. mellifera exposed to varied pesticides, encompassing diverse dosages and administration methods. While studies vary in approach, methodology, and sample selection, consolidating data from 22 scientific articles reveals that pesticides influence the expression of approximately 52.8% of the species' total genes. Additionally, our analysis underscores significant genes, biological processes, molecular functions, and metabolic pathways affected by pesticides. These findings are anticipated to support the development of diagnostic methods for assessing pesticide exposure, accounting for potential co-exposures and their cumulative impacts, reflective of real-world conditions faced by bees and other vulnerable pollinators in their natural habitats.
Otimização topológica dos nós fixos para algoritmos de trilateração baseados em RSSI
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-12)
Bueno, Rafael de Souza
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Fontes, João Vitor de Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9473668144091435
The extensive use of locating devices in today's world is increasingly being used indoors. Depending on the structure of the environment in which you want to operate, there are many barriers that prevent these locators from working properly. To solve this problem, new technologies are being developed, mainly taking into account location based on the strength of the signal received, due to its ease of structuring and low cost. Position estimation methods involve trilateration algorithms. In this work, we proposed an optimization of the topology of the fixed nodes using the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) method, with the aim of analyzing the smallest error comparing the real and the estimated position in situations varying the arrangement of the fixed nodes in a given area of interest. It was analyzed which method obtained the greatest precision in its measurements. MATLAB software was used in conjunction with the genetic algorithm for simulations and the generation of heat maps for each different method, and then, with the results of these simulations, the average error and the average standard deviation were calculated in order to compare the results of the methods. The analysis of these results made it possible to determine the ideal situation of the bases where the topology is more precise. Satisfactory results were obtained from the simulations in relation to increasing the precision of the points found, after optimization with the delimiter R = 2.5m an average improvement in results was obtained between the three methods used in this work of 1,44% and with 2*R, an improvement of 20,65%.
Segmentação de vasos sanguíneos utilizando redes neurais convolucionais: investigação da prevalência de descontinuidades e desenvolvimento de técnicas para mitigá-las
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-12)
Parella, João Pedro
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Comin, Cesar Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9563440403120931
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1207-4982
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5121220023366076
With the current advancements in technology and medical techniques, the pursuit of improving diagnostic methods and scientific analyses brings forth a significant challenge: the efficiency and effectiveness in processing clinical data. In the field of medical image processing, there is a crucial phase that can influence all subsequent steps and even the final diagnosis, which is the segmentation phase. Particularly, segmentation is vital in examinations involving images of blood vessels, as these structures pose a great difficulty in analysis due to their complex and thin nature. Seeking improvements in segmentation techniques is of paramount importance, considering it is a highly sensitive phase of analysis, and a simple change of lens or imaging acquisition device can compromise the quality of the samples. Literature studies focus on quantifying the quality of segmentation methods using global metrics such as accuracy, precision, and recall, but often this focus may lead to problems in vessel geometry, where important information such as bifurcations, continuity, and diameter are lost, thereby causing various diagnostic issues. This work focuses on the analysis of continuity problems in vessel segmentation, i.e., cases in which parts of vessels are not correctly detected. An accuracy metric is defined to specifically quantify the segmentation quality in regions of vessels that are difficult to segment. It is demonstrated that this metric enables more precise quantification of the quality of low-saliency vessel detection in images than traditional metrics. Additionally, a data augmentation technique is defined for training neural networks, enabling improved segmentation quality of low-saliency vessels. The technique involves the creation of regions with drops in intensity and vessel discontinuities. Based on the analyses conducted, it is expected that the developed techniques can assist in improving diagnoses and future research in biology, creating new possibilities for addressing segmentation problems.
O uso dos jogos e das brincadeiras no processo de alfabetização e letramento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-12)
Kretikouski, Daiane Cristina Ottaviani
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Monteiro, Maria Iolanda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4189205834370563
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-1437
This work is a bibliographical research, with the objective of analyzing the contribution that the use of games and games provide in the process of literacy and literacy. Playing is well accepted when we think about Education Childish, however, this perspective changes when six-year-old children They move from this stage to the initial years of Elementary School. The children apparently leave the context of a “playing” child for a rigid teaching environment, with focus on literacy and literacy. Therefore, how does this transition appear for they? How are they received in this new teaching and learning context? What are the benefits that games, toys and activities present during this process? Which is impact that the teacher's positioning brings in the face of differences and the transition of these two phases? The questions presented in this Course Completion Work will be clarified with emphasis on authors such as Magda Soares, Maria Iolanda Monteiro and Marlene Carvalho (to support the concepts of literacy and literacy), Douglas Aparecido de Campos, Maria Aparecida Mello and Tizuko Morchida Kishimoto (who point out the importance of games, toys and games), Claude Lessard, Maurice Tardif and Regina Puccinelli Tancredi (which highlights the actions, faced with the difficulties of everyday teaching, as well as the transition from Early Childhood Education to the early years of Elementary School). The collection of research began in 2022 and in order to delimit the research subject, we chose in carrying out a selection through two online databases, such as the Scielo database and the UFSCar Institutional Repository. It is understood that games and activities are strong allies not only in the literacy and literacy process, but they contribute significantly when it is articulated with the content in a systematic way by the teacher.
O ensino da função quadrática através de diferentes atividades práticas elaboradas para o ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-15)
Braçale, Vinicius Cesar
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Moura, Renato José de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5227908949297904
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470472451101524
Using practical methodologies in the classroom, this work presents a set of three activities to be applied in the classroom to assist in teaching quadratic functions in basic education. Each activity proposes to use a different methodological approach, the first being the realization of a game built in the GeoGebra software, the second a mathematical modeling on the oblique launch, and the last a practical activity proposing an investigation of the reflective property of the parabola through of constructing an experiment. The main objective of the sequence of activities presented here is to build material that can be used by mathematics teachers to teach this topic in different realities. The work presents a bibliographical research on the topic, addressing the theory necessary to understand the subject, and also describes the carrying out of qualitative research on one of its activities that was applied to a third-year high school class at a public school. In view of the analysis of the results, it can be seen that the application of the activity created a learning situation in which students were able to understand the quadratic function applied to a real situation, in the process they improved cooperation and teamwork skills, logical reasoning, in addition to recovering the concepts of the quadratic function. Thus, it was possible to understand how activities developed by active methodologies can construct different learning situations that stimulate the teaching of mathematics.
Efeitos da cloroquina sobre biomarcadores de peixe-zebra (Danio rerio)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-15)
Ferreira, Marina Tauche
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Francisco, Renata Fracácio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5643065656865773
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2257-2766
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Carvalho, Cleoni dos Santos
Chloroquine is used to treat malaria and autoimmune diseases such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis due to its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, but its use increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic due to its recommendation as a prophylactic treatment. This increase in consumption, associated with inadequate disposal, resulted in the presence of the drug in wastewater and surface waters in several countries. In this context, this study aimed to compile environmental and ecotoxicological data on Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine in the aquatic environment and to reproduce in the laboratory a chronic toxicity test of Chloroquine Diphosphate (CQD), lasting 21 days, in a semi-static system, using the model species zebrafish (Danio rerio), exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations detected before the pandemic (0.6 µg/L) and during the pandemic (1.8; 5.4; 16.2 and 48.6 µg/L), to evaluate the changes caused by the drug. Biomarkers were analyzed in biochemical functions, including changes in the concentration of total proteins, glucose, triglycerides and immunoglobulins (Ig); enzymatic activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glutathione S-transferase (GST); and oxidative stress measured by protein carbonyls (PCO) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs). Histological analyses evaluated gill, liver and kidney changes. Data were statistically compared between the control and exposed groups, using the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-test, through the PAST® software. The results showed metabolic, enzymatic and histopathological disturbances in the organs from the concentrations recorded in surface waters (0.6 µg/L and 1.8 µg/L). In addition, the concentration of 1.8 µg/L was the most responsive to biomarkers of oxidative stress. In the principal component analysis (PCA), the most responsive biomarkers to DCQ exposures were AST enzyme activity, TBARs in the brain, dilation of the central venous sinus in the gills, hepatocytes with pyknotic nuclei in the liver and reduction of Bowman's space in the kidney. The innovative aspect of this research lies in the understanding of the chronic toxicity of environmental concentrations of DCQ on biomarkers of D. rerio and underscores the importance of greater awareness about the responsible use and disposal of drugs, reinforcing the need for monitoring and remediation policies to protect water resources and aquatic life.
Lógica fuzzy e o Poker : a Matemática para vencer a sorte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-15)
Branquinho, Ana Clara Boscolo
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Silveira, Graciele Paraguaia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6251988404047002
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8610-4841
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8239279257223074
Poker is a highly popular card game worldwide, involving aspects such as strategy, technical skill, risk management, and luck, and is currently considered a mind sport. Due to the existence of monetary prizes for winners, the inherent complexities of this game are extensively studied to develop strategies aimed at improving the performance of players in high-level competitions, many of which are grounded in logic and mathematics. The objective of this dissertation was to develop a computational mathematical model based on fuzzy logic that classifies poker player profiles, specifically for the Texas Hold’em Online variant. The proposed methodology involves analyzing statistical data from players and consists of fuzzy modeling of critical variables related to the dynamics of the game. Inferences and defuzzification are performed using Mamdani and Center of Gravity methods and are computationally processed with the MATLAB fuzzy toolbox. The player data was extracted from the Poker Tracker platform, and access was facilitated through association with a professional player. Additionally, research and tests were conducted to determine standard reference values, ranges for class definitions, and validation of the results returned by the developed model. It is concluded that the model can predict actions a player might take at certain moments in the game and also their chances of success. This approach deepens the understanding of the complex
Colisões de aves em estruturas de vidro no campus de Sorocaba da Universidade Federal de São Carlos: uma ameaça que persiste
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-15)
Lee, Stephanie Jin
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Piratelli, Augusto João
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0268-4007
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3581302428057569
It is estimated that collisions with glass panes cause the death of over one billion birds annually in North America alone. These collisions mainly occur because birds struggle to perceive glass as an impassable barrier due to its reflectivity and transparency, combined with various physiological, anatomical, and behavioral factors. However, studies on this issue in Brazil are still limited, which is concerning given that the country has the second-highest bird diversity in the world. This study aimed to detect evidence of bird-glass collisions on the Sorocaba campus of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) and to identify factors contributing to the frequency of these collisions. Additionally, we sought to estimate the persistence of bird carcasses in the environment and assess the negative effects of collisions on the physical condition of the birds to complement the collision data. Data on the number of collisions were collected through regular monitoring over one year. We also gathered information on building characteristics, their surroundings, and the biological traits of the species involved. To analyze whether there are differences in the number of collisions related to seasonality, building characteristics, surroundings, and species traits, we employed mixed generalized linear models (GLMMs) and univariate statistical analyses. For experimental trials, bird carcasses from collisions were placed around campus buildings and monitored to determine their average persistence in the environment and identify the species responsible for their removal. Necropsies and X-rays were conducted to identify injuries caused by these collisions. During the monitoring period, 152 pieces of collision evidence were collected; however, no significant difference was found between the number of collisions in the rainy and dry seasons. Additionally, no morphological predictor variables could explain the variability in collision numbers among species. Nonetheless, the area of transparent glass, total glass area, and black glass area in square meters were the predictor variables that best explained the number of collisions between buildings, with a positive correlation observed between these surface areas and the number of collisions. Carcasses had an average persistence of 110.69 ± 196.06 hours in the environment. Five species were identified as responsible for carcass removal: Homo sapiens sapiens, Cariama cristata, Coragyps atratus, Canis lupus familiaris, and Caracara plancus. Necropsies and X-rays revealed that the most common injuries in birds that collided with glass were fractures, cerebral hematomas, and cranial hemorrhages. This study provides evidence of bird collisions with glass structures at UFSCar Sorocaba, indicating that it is a high-risk area for such accidents. The monitoring methods used and the detrimental effects of these collisions on bird health were discussed. Urgent preventive measures are needed to mitigate this generally fatal threat.
Programação em Python no ambiente educacional: uma proposta de ensino de modelagens algébricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-16)
Matias, Marcos José
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Silveira, Graciele Paraguaia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6251988404047002
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8610-4841
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5166401513381950
This study investigates how programming in Python can assist in learning algebraic modeling. The central problem addressed is the difficulty of 8th-grade students at a rural school in the interior of São Paulo in formulating algebraic models to solve everyday mathematical problems. The objectives of this work were to develop the students’ ability to recognize, generalize, and create algebraic expressions to solve problem situations. The methodology included 10 Python programming lessons with various activities designed to stimulate the development of algebraic skills. The results, obtained through process based assessments, demonstrated a significant improvement in the students’ ability to solve problems algebraically. This study contributes to highlighting the importance of computer programming in Mathematics education from the early years. Future research may further explore the impact of computer programming on Mathematics education in Basic Education.
Auto-treinamento com ruído utilizando data augmentations para tarefas de detecção de comentários ofensivos e discurso de ódio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-16)
Leite, João Augusto
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Silva, Diego Furtado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7662777934692986
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5184-9413
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523889749935848
Online social media is rife with offensive and hateful comments, necessitating the development of automated detection systems to manage the vast volume of posts generated every second. Creating high-quality human-labeled datasets for this task is challenging and costly, primarily because non-offensive posts significantly outnumber offensive ones. In contrast, unlabeled data is abundant, more accessible, and cheaper to obtain. This thesis explores the application of self-training methods, which leverage weakly-labeled examples to augment training datasets, in the context of offensive and hate speech detection. The core of this thesis is the paper "Noisy Self-Training with Data Augmentations for Offensive and Hate Speech Detection Tasks", which investigates the efficacy of noisy self-training approaches incorporating data augmentation techniques to enhance prediction consistency and robustness against noisy data and adversarial attacks. Experiments are conducted with both default and noisy self-training using three different textual data augmentation techniques across five distinct pre-trained BERT architectures of varying sizes. The results indicated that noisy self-training with textual data augmentations, despite its success in similar settings, decreased performance in offensive and hate speech domains compared to the default method. This finding and reveals limitations of noisy self- training methods with data augmentations for domains such as offensive speech detection, where certain specific keywords cannot be modified without introducing semantic variations.
Comportamento assintótico para equações de placa fracionárias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-16)
Picolli, Iago Aparecido da Silva
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Nascimento, Marcelo José Dias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7133572787875912
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0192-3395
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1507534312171899
In this work, we consider two second-order fractional semilinear plate equations in time. In the first problem, we investigate an equation governed by a biharmonic operator, with clamped boundary conditions in a smooth bounded domain, modeling flight structures. In this context, we introduce a dissipative term that depends directly on the energy of the system. In the second problem, we add a memory term, resulting in a dissipative system that depends on energy and past memory. In both cases, we study local and global well-posedness and we prove the existence of a compact global attractor for the associated evolution semigroup. Additionally, we obtain the upper semicontinuity of the family of global attractors.
Chuva de sementes em remanescentes naturais, áreas de reflorestamento e agroflorestas inseridos em paisagens agrícolas: uma revisão sistemática global
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-16)
Lima, Juliana Aparecida de
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Martins, Valéria Forni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0686674300788674
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4618599895233798
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Agostini, Kayna
Vegetation fragments located in agricultural landscapes are important for the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem functions. For the maintenance of such fragments, it is crucial that plant populations can regenerate naturally, especially via recently dispersed seeds (i.e. seed rain). Here we assessed the state-of-the-art knowledge on seed rain in fragments located in agricultural landscapes, focusing on the description of the seed rain, fragments, and matrixes where the fragments are immersed in. We conducted a systematic review of scientific papers published worldwide in English, Portuguese, and Spanish. We built a datasheet containing detailed information on publications, seed rain, fragments, and matrixes. Each line of the datasheet comprises information on a single fragment. We found 41 papers (161 fragments), of which 28 were conducted in Central and South America, especially in Brazil (20 papers and 78 fragments). Most fragments are composed of remaining natural vegetation (61%), show forest structure (96%), are located near other patches of natural vegetation (98%), and are immersed in pastures (50%). Only few papers informed the size of the fragments, regeneration stage of the vegetation, distance between the fragment and other patches of natural vegetation, and presence of ecological corridors. For most of the fragments, there are information on species richness (99%), diaspore abundance (98%), species composition (100%), species list (61%), and growth form of the species (39%). Only few papers reported on exotic species, dispersal syndromes, and seed size. There is floristic survey for 76% of the fragments, but the classification of species of the seed rain as autochthonous or allochthonous is reported for only 34% of the fragments with floristic survey. Our findings are a starting point for future studies aiming at biological conservation, especially by providing a detailed datasheet and identifying information still needed for a better understanding of natural regeneration via seed rain in fragments located at agricultural landscapes.
Sistemas químicos auto-organizados: morfogênese e formação de padrões
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-16)
Silva-Dias, Leonardo
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López-Castillo, Alejandro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2599181118729458
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2923386173329657
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0535-6666
Chemical systems maintained far from equilibrium, with spatially extended reaction domains, and composed of chemicals that interact non-linearly with each other, can spontaneously evolve to organized states of low entropy, known as dissipative structures. These structures are commonly observed in living organisms, and the most notable are: periodic oscillations of chemical concentration, chemical chaos, chemical waves, and stationary patterns (Turing patterns). This class of self-organized chemical systems comprises a significant number of inorganic chemical reactions with well-known mechanisms. Due to this fact, along with the dynamical similarities of these reactions to living organisms' dynamics, and the complexity of reaction mechanisms in chemical-biological processes, inorganic chemical systems are often considered in studies of dynamical phenomena in different scenarios in order to obtain results that can be extrapolated to understanding similar phenomena in living systems. From this perspective, this thesis presents an investigation of morphogenesis and spatio-temporal pattern formation in conditions that are either relevant or motivated by biology. This is accomplished through four main works. In the first, we investigated the emergence of Turing patterns in the chlorine dioxide–iodine–malonic acid (CDIMA) reaction in a domain that continuously grows as a rotating spiral. From this study, we observed the formation of a new class of stationary spiral patterns with different multiplicities. In the second, we evaluated the effects of Faraday waves on the formation of chemical waves in the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction, aiming to discriminate acoustic frequencies through the spatio-temporal dynamics of the reaction. We noted that Faraday waves interfere with the local process of mixing, altering the speed and morphology of the chemical waves. However, this system was ineffective in discriminating the applied acoustic frequencies. In the third work, we developed a simple and practical procedure to obtain transient Turing patterns in a batch system from the CDIMA reaction. From such an experimental procedure, we obtained patterns with good resolution and stability. Finally, in the fourth one, we proposed a model based on the classical theory of phase separation and reaction-diffusion systems to describe morphogenesis in a system of synthetic chemical cells. Through numerical simulations, we were able to elucidate the physical-chemical mechanism of this process and to identify that the difference in osmotic pressure between two cells in different chemical states, due to the break of spatial symmetry caused by the emergence of a Turing state, triggers the physical morphogenesis.
O papel da informação na política pública de assistência à saúde suplementar de servidores da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-17)
Moraes, Tainara Gabriele de
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Justo, Carolina Raquel Duarte de Mello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9209489935777843
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2415431250469293
The execution of administrative procedures structures the implementation of public policies, and the recognition of the norms and rules that regulate them is fundamental for their correct execution. The reimbursement of supplementary health expenses for civil servants of the Union, autarchies, and federal public foundations constitutes a health assistance benefit. To access this benefit, it is necessary to prove the contracting of a health care plan, along with the accountability and verification of expenses with the contracted plan as a means of controlling this policy. This investigation identifies knowledge gaps among UFSCar beneficiary employees that may result in undue payments or the non-granting of the due benefit. Therefore, beneficiaries need to know their rights and duties related to this public policy through clear access to the information and specifications that regulate the benefit. The objective of this work is to analyze the implementation of supplementary health assistance for employees and to develop proposals for actions to improve the dissemination of information in the stages of the process flow. The research adopts a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory approach. To this end, a questionnaire is applied to UFSCar beneficiary employees and an interview is conducted with a public employee from the human resources department of another federal higher education institution.
O uso de gamificação no ensino da ferramenta de Linha de Balanço
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-17)
Correa, Cecília Carniello
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Serra, Sheyla Mara Baptista
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8528385567782505
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9508-976X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6532925191722912
The low level of knowledge of lean principles and tools by professionals in the construction industry may be attributed to the absence of a specific content approach during their training process. Therefore, the adoption of gamification as a teaching strategy could help enhance training effectiveness, increase interest, and improve retention of learning among participants. Supporting this perspective, this dissertation conducts an experiment with undergraduate students in Civil Engineering at the Federal University of São Carlos, combining gamification with traditional lectures. This study aims to assess the impact of gamification on the teaching of the Line of Balance (LOB) tool, which was adopted by the lean philosophy. To achieve this goal, a pilot experiment was conducted to validate data collection instruments and the game application method. Following the analysis and necessary corrections, a second application was conducted. Data for the research was gathered through two knowledge tests (quantitative analysis) and three qualitative questionnaires. Participants were divided into a control and intervention group to compare the traditional teaching method (control) and this method combined with gamification (intervention). Statistical analysis of the collected data revealed that students in the intervention group achieved better results in the tests. It was also noted that students participated much more actively and showed significantly higher engagement in the gamified class compared to the traditional lecture. The results indicate the positive influence of the use of gamified approaches in teaching LOB. The experiment demonstrated the feasibility of integrating gamification into the classroom, offering potential benefits to the construction industry at large.
Avaliação de pastas e argamassas geopoliméricas porosas obtidas a partir da incorporação de espuma pré-formada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-17)
Soares, Gustavo de Albuquerque
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Luz, Ana Paula da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470395641242374
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1748736510715140
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9702-9488
The development of sustainable materials has been the subject of various studies in a broad technological context. In this regard, geopolymers are identified as potential binders for various applications, including acting as an alternative to Portland cement. This study investigated the production and properties of porous geopolymeric pastes and mortars, prepared from a mixture of metakaolin with an alkaline solution containing nano-silica and NaOH. Approximately 0.45 wt.% of xanthan gum was added to the water and foaming agent solution during foam preparation to enable the formation of stable and small bubbles, which are fundamental for the preparation of homogeneous porous geopolymers with uniform pores. The incorporation of 5 wt.% to 10 wt.% of pre-formed foam into the produced pastes resulted in the creation of specimens with low density, high porosity, low modulus of elasticity and reduced mechanical strength. In general, the pastes exhibited average pore diameters between 99 and 137 µm and high air permeability due to the interconnectivity of the present pores. For the porous mortars, compositions containing geopolymer or Portland cement as binders and different foam contents were evaluated. Samples with low density (1.18 to 2.11 g/cm³) and high porosity were obtained. Those containing geopolymer showed higher total porosity compared to cementitious ones. This characteristic resulted in compositions with low stiffness and mechanical resistance, as well as low thermal conductivity (0.29-0.34 W/m.K). The results confirmed the feasibility of producing porous and homogeneous microstructures, highlighting the great potential of geopolymers to act as substitutes for Portland cement in lightweight mortar compositions.