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Lean em uma pequena empresa de fabricação de estruturas metálicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-21)
Bizetti, Alexandre Daniel
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Lage Júnior, Murís
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9666500788789379
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0216-6365
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8077879662740443
In a heated market context, companies must operate using economically sustainable models, to develop activities/processes that add value to customers, stakeholders, and their employees. Understanding the value flow of their services and products can be the competitive edge in the market in which they operate. Value means waste-free processes. Waste must be eliminated because the customer does not want to pay for it. In 2023, according to the SEBRAE Agency, the creation of small and medium-sized companies was 6.62% higher compared to the previous year, around 859 thousand new businesses. There is a justification for looking at this group since globally, the vast majority of businesses are under the category of small and medium-sized companies. The use of Lean Thinking is one of the most powerful tools available, creating value while eliminating waste. Using Action Research as a research method in the application of lean manufacturing, a small metal structure manufacturing company opened its doors for this work to be developed, a company that had never applied Lean in its production process. Taking important steps in its journey of continuous improvement, which involves process safety, value stream mapping, creation of key performance indicators, use of the 5S methodology, application of Just-in-time, and inventory control, the company studied and developed strategic actions to achieve results such as freeing up 20% of available physical space for storage and reducing lead time by approximately 53%.
Resíduos nos ecossistemas costeiros e marinhos do Brasil: uma análise dos dados do projeto Blue Keepers
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-21)
Mistro, Priscila
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Tiezzi, Rafael de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7979063304544915
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8682-7807
Plastic waste pollution is one of the main threats to marine and coastal ecosystems, compromising biodiversity, marine fauna, and human quality of life. This study combines a literature review with the analysis of primary data collected between 2021 and 2024 by the Blue Keepers project, part of the UN Global Compact - Brazil Network, using tools such as Webmapa and the National Waste Inventory. The objective is to identify and classify the waste collected in the project's sample collections, map the main escape points (hotspots) of these materials into coastal and marine ecosystems, and assess their environmental impacts. The results reveal that plastics account for the largest share of the waste found, being particularly critical in mangrove, beach, and river areas. Additionally, the research highlights the need for effective public policies and initiatives in waste management and marine pollution mitigation. The conclusion emphasizes that environmental awareness and improved waste management strategies are essential to reducing negative impacts on the oceans and promoting sustainable development aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
A enchente de 2024 e o governo neoliberal de Eduardo Leite: uma análise discursiva de charges brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-21)
Linard, João Pedro Lopes
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Mota, Ilka de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9991950104035858
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6637-4310
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5828298431627610
Supported by the materialist perspective of discourse at the interface with sociological studies on neoliberalism, this research consisted of understanding the discursive representations of the floods in Rio Grande do Sul, in 2024, which appeared and circulated in cartoons by Brazilian cartoonists. As specific objectives, we seek: i) Research and analyze the Production Conditions (PCs) of the speech, the floods in Rio Grande do Sul in 2024, which includes coverage of the event by the media on the internet and the functioning of neoliberalism in the economy; ii) Analyze the visual and/or verbal-visual formulation of the cartoons, referring their meanings to the CPs; iii) Discuss the relationship between the cartoons and the Brazilian bourgeois media’s hegemonic interpretation of the event; iv) Analyze how governor Eduardo Leite is represented and, finally, v) Identify the discursive and historical processes with which the cartoons are related, showing how this relationship occurs. Our analytical corpus consisted of three cartoons by each of the cartoonists, namely: Carlos Latuff, Jota Camelo and Nando Motta. We work with the hypothesis that the cartoons that make up the corpus are the materialization of political ideological positions to which the cartoonists are ideologically affiliated, contradicting the hegemonic interpretation that circulated in the Brazilian bourgeois media in the period in question, namely: what it was about of a mere climatic accident, disregarding the political and economic issues. In this interpretation, the responsibilities of public managers who have adopted an inconsequential neoliberal agenda are erased. The analysis of the cartoons showed that, while Jota Camelo focuses on the causes of the problem that generated the flood, that is, on criticizing the neoliberal political economy that produced the disaster and its effects, Carlos Latuff, in turn, focuses on the consequences of the event. On the other hand, except for one, the two other cartoons by Nando Motta are based on a discourse that takes places in the movement of meanings between denunciation and lament, resulting in the erasure of the political and economic issue that is the basis of the 'flood' event.
Monitoramento da biodiversidade em áreas de restauração florestal: uma abordagem integrada de sensoriamento remoto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-21)
Matunaga, Heloisa Satie
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Molin, Paulo Guilherme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1529819650942373
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4587-935X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9947393964985724
Floristic biodiversity plays a fundamental role in maintaining ecosystem services and enhancing forest resilience against environmental degradation. In the current context of environmental degradation, Remote Sensing (RS) technologies have emerged as effective alternatives for the assessment and monitoring of floristic biodiversity. Remote monitoring represents an innovative and promising methodology. This study discusses the use of RS data for spatial analysis of floristic biodiversity in forest restoration environments. The methodology is based on the use of the biodivMapR package, which utilizes satellite images and data from remote sensors. The method is capable of generating alpha and beta diversity maps to estimate floristic species diversity (alpha) and ecosystem heterogeneity (beta) in a multi-temporal manner. The results showed that this method effectively evaluates alpha and beta diversity in native vegetation environments, specifically in High Conservation Value Areas (AAVCs) owned by Suzano S.A., located on flat terrains. When forest inventory data is used to calibrate the algorithm, a correlation of 0.7 is observed. The optimal parameters for estimating biodiversity were determined to be a window size of 2 and a cluster size of 60, which served as references for measuring alpha and beta diversity in ecological restoration environments. Between 2014 and 2024, ecological restoration areas demonstrated an increase in species diversity, and the monitoring methodology (biodivMapR) proved effective in measuring gains in floristic biodiversity in these environments. However, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the package for monitoring floristic biodiversity in ecological restoration environments.
Inventário Portage Operacionalizado: alternativa para a identificação de uma criança precoce em creche
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-21)
Zambom, Juliane
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Rangni, Rosemeire
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6399149504309769
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4706219071145182
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https://orcid.org /0009-0001-7942-2980
The empowerment of individuals whose abilities stand out among their peers is required by specialists in the field of Gifted Education and it is a right guaranteed in the Brazilian educational laws. However, there are few available instruments to identify the students in the schools. The right of those students extends to all levels of education, so children of nursery school age deserve to be identified in order to develop their potential. This research aimed to understand how a special education professional or classroom teacher can identify a precocious kindergarten student in the classroom, using the Inventário Portage Operacionalizado. Thus, the general aim of the research was to verify indicators of precociousness in students of nursery school age, using the Inventário Portage Operacionalizado. The study was Descriptive and Qualitative. A one year and five months child and her teacher took part in the study. The teacherresponded collaboratively to the researcher the Portage Guide to Pre-School Education as well as to an interview. The results were: i) the child scored beyond his age range: two to three years in Socialization, Language, Motor Development, and Self-Care; three to four years in Language and Self-Care; ii) the child showed precociousness, making the instrument effective for the indication; and iii) the participating teacher is a PHD, however, she was not trained in the subject of the research and she didn’t work with precocious students or gifted in her career.
As práticas da Terapia Ocupacional na Atenção Primária à Saúde à luz do Método Terapia Ocupacional Dinâmica: diálogos possíveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-22)
Luiz, Patricia Moreira Dos Santos
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Fornereto, Alana de Paiva Nogueira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0361502737203825
This work explores the interface between the Dynamic Occupational Therapy Method (MTOD) and Primary Health Care (PHC). The study highlights that both MTOD and PHC share similar objectives, such as promoting autonomy, addressing the social and territorial context, providing comprehensive and expanded care, and emphasizing people’s social participation. Objective: To understand the common aspects between the theoretical and methodological references of MTOD and PHC, as well as to systematize the theoretical convergences resulting from this association. Methodology: A cross-sectional exploratory study was conducted using a qualitative approach. The research was carried out within the Primary Health Care network of a municipality in the interior of São Paulo, with the participation of occupational therapists working in PHC in this municipality. One professional from each health region was invited to participate. Regarding research procedures, semi-structured interviews and participant observation in their work environments were conducted. Results: The data were analyzed based on the fundamentals of MTOD identified in the participants’ statements, which included: the expansion and potential construction of daily life, the target subject with needs and/or desires, health, activities, social insertion, and therapist training. The findings revealed a convergence between the practices performed by occupational therapists in PHC and the principles of MTOD. Despite challenges in establishing these associations, subtle connections were identified, including: target subject and gateway; health and comprehensiveness; social insertion and community orientation; activities and comprehensiveness; and education and longitudinality. Conclusion: This research identified commonalities between the theoretical and methodological references of MTOD and PHC. It contributed to a deeper understanding of the role of occupational therapists in this context, offering insights for professionals in different areas. Furthermore, it provided professionals who use MTOD with the opportunity to recognize the interfaces of this approach with theoretical frameworks from other disciplines. The study underscores the need for further research to deepen knowledge and address gaps in the literature.
Identificação de ortólogos e famílias gênicas em dez espécies de abelhas com diferentes comportamentos sociais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-22)
Melo, Sarah Calado Galvão de
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Freitas, Flávia Cristina de Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5139566975444110
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3162-4890
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3238677734421627
Gene sequences that share a common ancestry are known as homologous and can be classified into orthologs or paralogs. Paralogs originate from duplications of the ancestral gene in a given species and are responsible for the expansion of gene families, which are groups of genes that have similar functions. In contrast, orthologs arise from speciation events in which a gene of the common ancestry is maintained in the novel species. As they share a common origin, orthologs sequences from different species display high similarity. Therefore, frequently, the ortholog encoded proteins display conserved structure and function in different species. Thus, the identification of orthologs helps in the gene annotation of novel genomes and in the inference of the evolutionary relationship between species. In addition, the quantification and identification of gene family expansions can help us understand functional innovation in a genome, such as the eusociality of bees. Thus, this study aimed to identify create a database of orthologs for ten bee species with available genomes that differ in social behavior and to identify gene families, evaluating whether there was expansion or retraction in the studied species. For this purpose, the protein sequences of the species were aligned using DIAMOND and the Reciprocal Best Hit (RBH) approach was used to identify the best ortholog candidates, totaling 45 pairwise combinations between the 10 species. In parallel, the OrthoFinder tool was used to identify orthologs and paralogs between species. The RBH approach identified 4.979 1:1 orthologs and the OrthoFinder 5.755, with 4.347 genes identified as 1:1 orthologs by both approachesThe evaluation of gene families using the CAFE tool identified 200 unique expansions for at least one of the eusocial bee species, 83 in the simple social bees and only 6 in the solitary bees. In addition to identifying orthologs among the ten bee species, this work contributed to the creation of an automated analysis flow that can be modified to analyze genomic data from other species.
Violência contra mulher e terapia ocupacional: uma revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-22)
Martins, Vitória Gonzalez
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Oliveira, Marina Leandrini de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4017135326666314
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6783729394218225
Introduction: The phenomenon of violence is broad, complex, multi-determined and cross-sectional. It is a polysemic term and its conceptualization is based on different fields of knowledge. Among the processes of violence that take place in society, gender-based violence, more specifically violence against women, stands out in this research. In the context of professional debates on this issue, it is understood that occupational therapists play a meaningful role since as their work is deeply embedded in the daily lives of individual and communities directly affected by violence in its various forms and contexts in which it occurs. Objective: To do a scoping review of national and international literature, aiming to identify, systematize and analyse scientific production on the subject of violence against women in relation to occupational therapy, describing the possibilities of professional contributions in supporting women in situations of violence. Methodology: A scoping review of the literature is proposed. This methodology aims to map the main concepts that support a given field of research, as well as to identify the main sources and types of evidence available, especially in complex areas that have not been widely analysed. The procedures to be carried out are in line with the parameters presented by the approach, which are made up of five stages presented below: 1) Identifying of the research question; 2) Identification of relevant studies; 3) Selection of studies; 4) Data mapping; 5) Data synthesis. The research questions that guided the work were: What has been produced in the literature on violence against women in the interface with occupational therapy? What are the possibilities for the contribution of occupational therapists in accompanying women in situations of violence? Results: Three categories of analysis were outlined to highlight the main findings of the articles: a) “Identifying the types of violence against women in Occupational Therapy productions”, which highlighted domestic violence, specifically between intimate partners; b) “Women and their singularities in Occupational Therapy care in the context of violence”, which highlighted not only production aimed at women, including trans women and women with disabilities, but also students and professionals; and c) “Facing violence against women in Occupational Therapy care: conceptual bases and identified interventions”, highlighting technical actions such as: building bonds, conducting interviews, individual, family or group care and promoting social protection, health and well-being. Final considerations: Based on the results, the visibility of the theme is encouraged, with the aim of contributing to occupational therapists in their interventions and in their engagement in the struggles to reduce/eliminate harmful gender inequalities in societies.
Aprendizado de máquina supervisionado e não supervisionado aplicado ao monitoramento da qualidade de águas superficiais e subterrâneas na bacia do Rio Mogi Guaçu (UGRHI-9)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-22)
Cristovam, Gabriella Borges
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Santos, Franciane Mendonça
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5344692835119505
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8506-2731
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Pelinson, Natalia de Souza
Environmental monitoring of surface and groundwater is fundamental to preserving water quality and the health of different ecosystems. Considering the difficulties in the monitoring process, which is highly time-consuming and costly, this work aims to integrate data science tools, particularly machine learning (ML) methods, into natural water quality monitoring based on historical data from the São Paulo State Environmental Company (CETESB). By means of supervised learning (Multiple Linear Regression and Random Forest), the models were trained to predict the IQA (Water Quality Index), obtaining excellent test results for both models (Regression with R² of 0.97 and RMSE of 2.37 and Random Forest with R² of 0.92 and RMSE of 0.06), thus allowing the prediction of surface water quality in the future. Similarly, unsupervised learning (PCA, K-Means and DBSCAN) was applied in order to detect patterns, analyze correlations and reduce the dimensionality of the variables, which could have generated better results if more data had been available. In general, however, the algorithms provided satisfactory results that could reduce the time and costs involved in monitoring water quality.
Eficiência ambiental da agricultura e a transição florestal no Cerrado brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-23)
Simões, Ricardo Muniz
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Bragagnolo, Cassiano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3604206454925741
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9177-3791
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1956548321354022
The Cerrado, one of the most biodiverse biomes on the planet, plays a crucial role in maintaining ecosystems and supporting Brazil’s agriculture. However, the continuous expansion of the agricultural frontier has accelerated deforestation, converting vast areas of native vegetation into pastures and croplands. This study analyzes environmental efficiency (EE) and technical efficiency (TE) in agriculture in municipalities of the Brazilian Cerrado in 2017, investigating their main determinants considering the forest transition theory. To achieve this goal, a stochastic production frontier was estimated using municipal data, with deforestation modeled as an environmentally detrimental input. The results indicate an average TE of 85%, while EE is lower, at 81%. A heterogeneous distribution of forest transition stages in the Cerrado was also observed: municipalities in the south are predominantly in the transition between the second and third phases, while the central and northeastern regions remain mostly in the initial stages, suggesting that deforestation in these areas may increase in the future. Among the efficiency determinants analyzed, no-till farming and technical assistance stand out due to their potential to reduce deforestation. Finally, the results highlight the urgency of public policies focused on conserving the Brazilian Cerrado, particularly the expansion of conservation and environmental protection areas.
Uso do jardim sensorial como ferramenta de educação ambiental e inclusão social: uma revisão de literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-23)
Costa, Beatriz de Oliveira
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Neves, Anne Alessandra Cardoso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5825341428803511
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9422-3699
In the current context, characterized by increasing environmental degradation and the need for accessible and inclusive spaces, sensory gardens emerge as viable alternatives to promote experiential learning, the appreciation of human diversity, and a closer relationship with nature. The main objective of this study is to analyze the use of sensory gardens as a tool for environmental education and social inclusion through a literature review. The research was conducted through a literature review, using a qualitative approach and exploratory nature, consulting databases such as Scielo, Google Scholar, CAPES, and institutional journals. The results highlighted that sensory gardens are designed spaces that utilize multisensory stimuli, such as textures, aromas, sounds, and shapes, fostering environmental education in a practical and participatory way. Furthermore, they stood out as effective tools for social inclusion by respecting the principles of universal design, ensuring accessibility for individuals with different physical and cognitive abilities. The analysis also identified challenges such as lack of financial resources, the need for specific public policies, and the shortage of professional training for the implementation and maintenance of these spaces. It is concluded that sensory gardens have the capacity to promote environmental education and social inclusion, especially when integrated into pedagogical and community practices. However, for these spaces to be widely implemented, it is necessary to overcome structural, technical, and financial challenges through public policies and intersectoral mobilization.
Tolerância a secagem de sementes de cacau: Enzima Superóxido Dismutase como marcador bioquímico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-23)
Tronco, Isadora de Andrade
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Forti, Victor Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5742976162363922
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4421791900767533
Cocoa is a recalcitrant species, as its seeds do not suffer natural desiccation after physiological maturity and are dispersed with high water contents in the environment. One of the difficulties in conserving recalcitrant species is their lower tolerance to low temperatures and low water content, as they do not survive long periods of storage. This sensitivity during storage is related to the inefficient response of defense mechanisms to stress conditions. These mechanisms, such as antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), are responsible for removing the free radicals that cause cell death. The aim of this study was to determine the activity of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) as a biochemical marker of drying sensitivity in recalcitrant cocoa seeds (Theobroma cacao L). For this, two batches of cocoa seeds, extracted from mature fruit, were subjected to continuous drying in a forced-air oven at 36 ± 2°C to obtain treatments with different water contents. Drying times were: 0 h, 3 h, 6 h, 9 h, 12 h, 15 h, 18 h, 21 h, 24 h, 27 h, 30 h. The seeds from each treatment were evaluated for water content and physiological potential using the germination test and the tetrazolium test. In addition, the seeds from all the treatments in both batches were subjected to biochemical analysis to assess the activity of the SOD enzyme. There was a reduction in viability as assessed by the germination and tetrazolium tests in both batches as they dried. The critical water content of the seeds was reached at 43.61% water content (batch 1) and 66.04% water content (batch 2). The activity of SOD was different between the batches, however, in batch 2, the decrease in SOD occurred after the seeds reached the critical water content. Therefore, this enzyme can be used as a marker of sensitivity to desiccation for quality lots.
Qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes de milho tratadas com extrato cambuci
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-23)
Tronco, Vitória de Andrade
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Forti, Victor Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5742976162363922
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8474215692946124
Organic agriculture aims to produce healthy food in harmony with the environment and social security. For organic maize production, seed treatments are essential to maintain physiological and sanitary quality and prevent the spread of relevant phytopathogens in agricultural production fields. The control of these phytopathogens using plant extracts has been studied in the literature. Considering the potential antifungal activity of the secondary compounds produced by plants, the Cambuci (Campomanesia phaea) has this potential, as its leaves and fruits are rich in phenolic compounds, compounds with antifungal properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health and physiological quality of organic maize seeds treated with cambuci extract. Two plant extracts were prepared from different tissues of C. phaea species, fruit peel and leaves, in the following concentrations: 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%, and two ways of preparing the tissues, dry (the leaf or peel tissue was dried in an oven with forced air ventilation) and fresh (the peel or leaf tissue was not dried in an oven). The hydroalcoholic solvent extraction of the tissues was placed in a rotary evaporator to obtain a crude aqueous extract (100%) and diluted in water (to obtain concentrations of 25%, 50% and 75%) to be used in the application of the seeds. The seeds were evaluated for sanity by blotter test and for physiological quality by germination, germination speed index (GSI), seedling length, seedling dry matter mass and cold test. Each of the extracts used was evaluated for total phenolic compound content. The dry bark extract showed a higher germination percentage and germination speed index of maize seeds compared to the control, without affecting the biometric variables of the seedlings. The extract of fresh cambuci leaves, in which the highest levels of total phenolic compounds were observed, reduced the percentage of fungi of the genus Fusarium from the 25% concentration onwards. However, the 50% concentration of the fresh leaf extract had a phytotoxic effect on maize seeds, reducing germination by 10.7% compared to the control and the length of the aerial part of the seedlings by 19.46% compared to the control. The 75% concentration of the fresh leaf extract reduced the dry mass of the aerial part of the seedlings by 26.67% compared to the control. The fresh leaf extract at a concentration of 25% represents a promising strategy for treating corn seeds to control associated phytopathogens.
Sistemas agroflorestais e resiliência socioecológica da agricultura familiar na Amazônia Mato-grossense
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-24)
Lopes, Jessica Helena Christofoletti
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Olival, Alexandre de Azevedo
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Gervazio, Wagner
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1664844008759244
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0044300898154040
Socio-Ecological System (SES) is a term that reflects the complexity inherent in human-nature relationships. Assessing the resilience of these systems—generally understood as their capacity to adapt to shocks—is of critical importance within the context of Family Farming (FF), given the range of economic, social, and environmental challenges this sector continuously faces. The use of Agroforestry Systems (AFS) can provide several benefits in response to these challenges, such as increased agrobiodiversity, support in coping with climate change, improved soil conditions, income generation, and food sovereignty in rural communities, among others. One of the most recent shocks experienced by family farming was the Covid-19 pandemic, which brought new challenges and required adaptive responses within this SES. In this context, studies are needed to understand how AFS can serve as a strategy for increasing and/or strengthening resilience in the socio-ecological systems of family farming across different localities and cultural, socioeconomic, and environmental contexts. This research was conducted in the Portal da Amazônia Territory (TPA) in northern Mato Grosso, involving rural communities that implemented AFS aimed at forest restoration (in Permanent Preservation Areas and Legal Reserves) and food production (in agroforestry orchards). The study is organized into two chapters: the first presents the theoretical framework, and the second analyzes AFS as a factor of resilience for family farmers in the study area in response to the Covid-19 shock. To this end, semi-structured interviews with local family farmers and content analysis were employed. The findings indicate that the implemented AFS contributed to food security among the participants, and that alternative marketing strategies played a key role in strengthening family farming, in addition to providing environmental benefits for the region.
Utilização de machine learning e algoritmo genético no design de ligas de titânio para aplicações biomédicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-24)
Nogueira, Luís Guilherme Santagnelo
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Stoco, Caroline Binde
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2458026380104524
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6856-7519
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Otani, Lucas Barcelos
The production of metastable beta titanium alloys for biomedical applications has grown over the last decade, aiming to meet the demand for materials with an elastic modulus more compatible with bone tissue. This contributes positively to biocompatibility and improves mechanical performance. Alloys such as Ti–29Nb–13Ta–4.6Zr (TNZT), Ti–12Mo–6Zr–2Fe (TMZF), and Ti–35Nb–7Zr–5Ta (TiOsteum) are widely used for their properties, such as high specific mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. These alloys also incorporate beta-phase stabilizing and biocompatible elements, such as Zr, Ta, Nb, and Mo, avoiding elements toxic to humans, such as V, Co, Cr, and Cu. A fundamental challenge in using these alloys for orthopedic implants is reducing the difference between their elastic modulus and that of human bone, minimizing the phenomenon of stress shielding, which can cause bone fragility over time. This discrepancy is governed by the final microstructure formed during alloy processing and heat treatment, which includes parameters such as average grain size, alpha phase volume fraction, martensite volume fraction, and omega phase volume fraction, all of which affect mechanical properties. The integration of machine learning, especially through genetic algorithms, can optimize the development of these alloys. This methodology helps identify compositions that minimize the elastic modulus by adjusting parameters and identifying more efficient combinations. Thus, this study aims to apply machine learning combined with genetic algorithms to obtain chemical compositions of titanium alloys with predominantly beta-phase microstructures and the lowest possible elastic modulus. To this end, both experimental data described in the literature and mathematical models were used to optimize parameters such as E, Moeq (molybdenum equivalent), Bo (bond order), and Md (mean d orbital energy level). Using genetic algorithm codes, a list of chemical compositions with potentially desirable microstructures and properties was obtained.
Sustentabilidade e a indústria de papel e celulose: uma análise dos indicadores ambientais de sustentabilidade das empresas Klabin e Suzano S.A
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-24)
Bonini, Gabriela Leandra Souza
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Tiezzi, Rafael de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7979063304544915
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8682-7807
Sustainability in the pulp and paper industry has gained prominence due to increasing pressure for responsible environmental practices. This study evaluates the environmental indicators of Klabin and Suzano S.A., leaders in the Brazilian sector, based on their 2023 sustainability reports. The research addresses energy consumption, water management, waste, and carbon emissions, as well as commitments related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The main objective was to analyze the progress of environmental indicators and the disclosure and standardization of information. The specific objectives included: collecting and comparing the companies environmental indicators; evaluating the standardization of disclosed data; and examining long-term commitments and their alignment with the SDGs. The study employed a descriptive qualitative analysis based on the 2023 sustainability reports. Data were organized into spreadsheets and analyzed comparatively. Inclusion criteria considered companies featured in sustainability rankings, such as the Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE) and the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP). The results highlighted that Klabin stood out for its progress in energy efficiency, while Suzano maintained stability and self-sufficiency in energy generation. Regarding water management, Klabin reduced consumption in water-stressed areas by 20.72%, while Suzano achieved a 99.99% reduction due to the reclassification of areas and initiatives like the Nascentes do Mucuri program. In waste management, Suzano made 90.3% progress toward its goal of reducing industrial waste sent to landfills by 70% by 2030. Klabin achieved a 99.3% total waste reuse rate, reinforcing its circular economy model. Another key topic was carbon emissions: Suzano committed to removing 40 million tons of CO₂ by 2025, while Klabin aims to capture 45 million tons by 2030. Both companies demonstrated significant advances in mitigating climate change. The analyzed companies show leadership in integrating sustainable practices into their operations. Klabin excelled in reducing water consumption and advancing renewable energy, while Suzano showed greater progress in waste management and climate initiatives. Despite the positive results, the lack of standardization in reporting methods complicates direct comparisons. The adoption of stricter national standards would enhance transparency and comparability in the sector.
Modelagem hidrológica da bacia de contribuição da confluência dos rios Itapetininga e Paranapanema
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-24)
Galvão, Pedro Ramos
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Fava, Maria Clara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2972648262855239
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8201-4339
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Vasconcelos, Anaí Floriano
In the current context of climate change, maintaining existing development patterns would increase the exposure and vulnerability of ecosystems and populations to climate threats. Even if global warming is limited to 1.5 °C, historical extreme events will continue to occur. In Brazil, floods have already caused economic losses exceeding R$70 billion and 644 deaths between 1991 and 2023, highlighting the need to improve water management tools. In this context, hydrological modeling stands out as an essential strategy for disaster prediction and mitigation, though its effectiveness relies on reproducing complex patterns in river basins, particularly during climate extremes. This study applied the HEC-HMS model to the contributing basin of the confluence of the Itapetininga and Paranapanema rivers, a region historically impacted by floods, to evaluate its ability to adequately predict flows for this basin. Methods such as the SCS Curve Number for Loss, SCS Unit Hydrograph for Transform, Muskingum for Routing and Constant Monthly for Baseflow were adopted. The model was calibrated using the extreme precipitation event of 2004, and the obtained parameters were applied to simulate events from 2005, 2011, 2016, and 2017. At the outlet, calibration for 2004 resulted in a NSE of 0.700 and an R² of 0.84, reproducing general runoff patterns. However, in subsequent years, NSE values were negative or near zero, and R² values were mostly close to zero. The analysis revealed the basin’s complexity, marked by heterogeneity and dynamic interactions between fluvial systems and adjacent areas. The results underscore the inherent challenges of hydrological modeling, particularly in climate extremes, and emphasize the need for methodological refinements. Despite limitations, the study highlights opportunities for innovations capable of transforming risk mitigation strategies and strengthening resilience to climate change.
Síntese e caracterização de complexos de Eu(III) com ligantes dicetona e diferentes fenantrolinas: aplicações antitumorais e interações com biomoléculas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-24)
Rocha, Josias da Silveira
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Rocha, Fillipe Vieira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5841127259122766
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1157388662502143
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4885-6070
In this work, four Eu(III)-based complexes were synthesized and characterized using the dibenzoylmethane (DBM) ligand and various phenanthrolines, PH (4,7 diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline); NON [1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3',4':5,6]pyrazino[2,3f][1,10]phenanthroline); CN (pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline-2,3-dicarboni trile); and BrF (10-bromo-12-fluorodipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine). Characterization was performed using techniques such as X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis (CHN), molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, and spectroscopy (UV-Vis, IR, 1D and 2D NMR, and fluorescence). The cytotoxicity of the ligands and complexes was evaluated against tumor cell lines, including lung (A549), prostate (DU-145), triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231), and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer (A2780cis), as well as a non-tumor lung cell line (MRC-5). The complexes demonstrated high inhibitory activity, often comparable to or exceeding that of the standard drug cisplatin. Among the tested compounds, the Eu(DBM)3PH and Eu(DBM)3BrF complexes stood out, displaying remarkable IC50 values of 0.850 µM and 3.57 µM, respectively, in the A2780cis cell line, with selectivity indices of 59.0 and 14.0, respectively. The mechanism of cell death in the A2780cis cell line was characterized as apoptotic, supported by morphological, clonogenic, and flow cytometry assays. In 3D cytotoxicity assays, the complexes demonstrated the ability to inhibit the growth of tumor spheroids. The Eu(DBM)3PH complex showed cytostatic activity, preventing cellular growth even at the lowest tested concentration (0.78 µM). Conversely, the Eu(DBM)3BrF complex exhibited dose- and time-dependent behavior, inhibiting cell growth at 6.25 µM after 96 hours. To investigate potential biomolecular targets, interaction studies were conducted with classical biomolecules such as DNA and Topoisomerase enzymes. Regarding DNA, the complexes predominantly interacted with the minor groove, with Eu(DBM)3PH achieving an 84.4% suppression of the Hoechst 33258 dye. In Topoisomerase IIα (TOPOIIα) inhibition assays, all complexes except Eu(DBM)3CN showed inhibitory activity at 20 µM. Moreover, the observed selectivity suggested that these complexes act as potential catalytic inhibitors of TOPOII, distinguishing themselves from enzyme poisons like etoposide. The complexes also demonstrated the ability to be biologically transported, showing intermediate to strong binding constants (Kb) in the range of 10⁵–10⁶ with human serum albumin (HSA). The obtained results in this thesis demonstrate the promising potential of Eu(III) complexes with diketone and phenanthroline ligands in the field of antitumor applications, highlighting their selectivity and efficacy in tumor cell models
"Currículo em Ação" de Língua Portuguesa do 2º ano: o currículo implementado e percebido pelas professoras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-25)
Peixoto, Aline de Paula Silva
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Sisla, Heloisa Chalmers
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9446133131561056
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6589-4493
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Brasileira
This research aims to understand how the implementation of the "Currículo em Ação" ("Curriculum in Action") has taken place. This curriculum was developed by the Nova Escola Association in partnership with the State Department of Education of São Paulo (SEDUC-SP), and it is used in the Portuguese Language teaching materials for the 2nd year of Elementary School, adopted in 2022 and still in use in 2024. The study proposes a reflection on early written language learning, grounded in an analysis of the Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) and the "Currículo em Ação" (CA) didactic materials for the 2nd year of Elementary School in São Carlos, São Paulo. Using a qualitative approach, the research involves document analysis of the BNCC and the "Currículo em Ação" materials in the context of literacy and language development, as well as semi-structured interviews with 2nd-year elementary school teachers. The objective was to analyze the materials and their theoretical and methodological foundations, in addition to evaluating their implementation and impact on students' literacy in the 2nd year. This study is notable for its originality, as it investigates the interaction between these curricular documents, contributing to a deeper understanding of the challenges and opportunities in literacy within the public education system of the State of São Paulo. The research findings point to a lack of specific training on the CA material. We identified differing understandings of literacy, especially concerning classroom practices, which often do not align with the theoretical framework of Magda Soares, focused on developing reading and writing skills in the early years. Additionally, the study highlights the advancement of the privatization movement in education, evidenced by the development of the materials by a private organization, as well as the increase in teachers' workloads, resulting in the deterioration of teaching working conditions.
A parceria público-privada: uma revisão de trabalhos sobre a inserção do mercado na educação básica brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-25)
Franco, Ana Julia Souza
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Nascimento, Manoel Nelito Matheus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4486910967478337
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2425-8885
In recent decades, public education policies have been the subject of dispute and the stage for the insertion of private companies into the public sector. This type of relationship between the state and companies has been highlighted in the Brazilian context in the wake of adjustments to the configuration of the state's role in guaranteeing public services. The problem is linked to the recent neoliberal upsurge in the capitalist world, since, from the 1990s onwards, the Brazilian state began to redirect responsibilities to the private sector in various sectors that serve the population's social rights, including basic education. In this context, this paper aims to analyze the theses and dissertations that deal with the ways in which public-private relations in the field of education have contributed to the privatization of this sector. Public-private relations are the ways in which the state associates itself with private initiative, the latter being the holder of power in this association. The research relies on the contributions of Theresa Adrião's studies to provide theoretical guidance for the analysis. The theses and dissertations catalogued in this work were organized into three types of privatization: 1) privatization via supply; 2) via curriculum; 3) via management. From this analysis, it is clear that the trend advocated by the neoliberal offensive is the privatization of Brazilian basic education, so that it no longer meets the pedagogical needs of this field. The fundamentals observed in the intertwining of private initiative with the state demonstrate the concern to guarantee market interests, which are averse to the democratic and citizenship fundamentals so dear to those who theorize and practice education in Brazil.