Violência contra mulher e terapia ocupacional: uma revisão de escopo

Abstract

Introduction: The phenomenon of violence is broad, complex, multi-determined and cross-sectional. It is a polysemic term and its conceptualization is based on different fields of knowledge. Among the processes of violence that take place in society, gender-based violence, more specifically violence against women, stands out in this research. In the context of professional debates on this issue, it is understood that occupational therapists play a meaningful role since as their work is deeply embedded in the daily lives of individual and communities directly affected by violence in its various forms and contexts in which it occurs. Objective: To do a scoping review of national and international literature, aiming to identify, systematize and analyse scientific production on the subject of violence against women in relation to occupational therapy, describing the possibilities of professional contributions in supporting women in situations of violence. Methodology: A scoping review of the literature is proposed. This methodology aims to map the main concepts that support a given field of research, as well as to identify the main sources and types of evidence available, especially in complex areas that have not been widely analysed. The procedures to be carried out are in line with the parameters presented by the approach, which are made up of five stages presented below: 1) Identifying of the research question; 2) Identification of relevant studies; 3) Selection of studies; 4) Data mapping; 5) Data synthesis. The research questions that guided the work were: What has been produced in the literature on violence against women in the interface with occupational therapy? What are the possibilities for the contribution of occupational therapists in accompanying women in situations of violence? Results: Three categories of analysis were outlined to highlight the main findings of the articles: a) “Identifying the types of violence against women in Occupational Therapy productions”, which highlighted domestic violence, specifically between intimate partners; b) “Women and their singularities in Occupational Therapy care in the context of violence”, which highlighted not only production aimed at women, including trans women and women with disabilities, but also students and professionals; and c) “Facing violence against women in Occupational Therapy care: conceptual bases and identified interventions”, highlighting technical actions such as: building bonds, conducting interviews, individual, family or group care and promoting social protection, health and well-being. Final considerations: Based on the results, the visibility of the theme is encouraged, with the aim of contributing to occupational therapists in their interventions and in their engagement in the struggles to reduce/eliminate harmful gender inequalities in societies.