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Estratégias de hedge: Testando a eficiência da variância mínima com contratos futuros de Ibovespa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-06) Gavioli, Luís Eduardo de Campos; Carrara, Aniela Fagundes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2348376949393246; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3131-2344
The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of hedging with Ibovespa futures contracts using the minimum variance method, considering periods of high and low returns for this index, as well as periods of stability. These criteria allow for the assessment of three distinct economic situations and provide relevant information for decision-making across different scenarios. Given that the Ibovespa Index cannot be directly acquired, this method is also tested for the ETF BOVA11, a fund that replicates the Ibovespa and allows investments by market participants in the stock exchange environment. The tests were conducted for the Ibovespa Index and the ETF BOVA11 across three distinct market periods between 2020 and 2024. To perform the hedge, the Ibovespa futures contracts INDJ20, INDQ20, and INDJ24 were used. The research concluded that determining the optimal hedge ratio using the minimum variance method generally leads to a reduction in price fluctuations for the portfolios under consideration. This effect is subtler when compared to the hedge with a 1:1 ratio but remains highly significant relative to unhedged portfolios.
Solidariedade em movimento: MST E MTST na jornada por um Brasil sem fome
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-06) Sá, Maria Emilia Gomes de; Carvalho, Joelson Gonçalves de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0141039743607067; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4894-1400; Borsatto, Ricardo Serra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5988987575101933; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7594-479X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8340843729114495; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7089-2460
Hunger in Brazil is a persistent social issue, rooted in an economic system that primarily views food as a commodity. To devise solutions for combating hunger, this study focuses on socioterritorial movements as key agents in driving structural transformations within food systems. The proposed project aims to identify and analyze the convergences and differences between the discourses and actions of socioterritorial movements in rural and urban areas, specifically the Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) and the Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem Teto (MTST), in their fight against hunger. Through a combination of qualitative methodologies, including semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and document analysis, we individually and comparatively examine these social movements based on their discursive dimensions, strategies, and challenges related to overcoming hunger. By analyzing and comparing various forms of food activism in different territories, we identified numerous convergences and some differences between the hunger-combat strategies of the studied socioterritorial movements. The hunger-combat struggles of these movements do not move in opposite directions. Their common goal, centered on deep structural transformations to ensure dignity for workers—through the fight for land, housing, labor, and food—guides the movements toward a shared purpose, which necessarily places the fight against hunger at the heart of their struggles.
“Foi um acalento para o coração": reflexões de terapeutas ocupacionais atuantes em enfermarias pediátricas a partir da vivência em uma comunidade virtual de prática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-06) Souza, Lucas Ramon Santos de; Joaquim, Regina Helena Vitale Torkomian; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7719481657895650; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3700-397X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5858401973483526; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-6514
The pediatric ward has been a field of practice where occupational therapists have developed their interventions, enabling them to cope with the process of illness and hospitalization. However, studies are needed to improve these practices. In this sense, communities of practice have been consolidated as an effective form of professional training, by promoting the quality of daily practices. The main objective of this study was to investigate aspects of the practice of occupational therapists in pediatric wards, based on emerging themes in a virtual community of practice. Specifically, to identify contributions and challenges of this work and to understand the strengths and weaknesses of a virtual community of practice. This is a descriptive action research with a qualitative approach. The research was conducted through a virtual community of practice, in 11 synchronous remote meetings via Google Meet®, held biweekly, lasting one to one and a half hours, between April and August 2023. The topics of the meetings were chosen in advance by the occupational therapists and included scientific materials to promote reflections. After each meeting, a chronicle was prepared, validated by the participants, containing a summary of the main events. The transcripts of the meetings were analyzed by Content Analysis, with the aid of the qualitative analysis software, ATLAS.ti®. The virtual community of practice had the participation of five occupational therapists, recently graduated and experienced, who provide care in pediatric wards in different locations in Brazil; two occupational therapists who were researchers and organizers; and two Occupational Therapy students as collaborators. Data analysis resulted in three thematic categories: “Constructions of being an occupational therapist to work in a pediatric ward”, which identifies, based on the participants’ conceptions, the skills needed to work in a pediatric ward and the investments in training for this role. “Performance of the occupational therapist in a pediatric ward”, presents the routine of work in this environment, highlighting the intervention process, evidencing the aspects evaluated and the lack of use of standardized assessment instruments. Also noteworthy is the reasoning for the elaboration of therapeutic objectives and the difficulties in communicating about the practice of occupational therapy with other health professionals and family members. The results highlight the difficulties faced by occupational therapists, regarding limited resources, work overload, lack of knowledge of their work by other health professional categories and the consequences of a medically centered environment. As specificities of the occupational therapist’s work, the use of play, the impacts on daily life and the analysis of occupations during hospitalization were listed. “Operationalizing a virtual community of practice” highlights the tools and strategies adopted, as well as the challenges for its structuring, highlighting its benefits, considering it as a space for professional improvement, which guides practices, the formation of a collaborative network, the reduction of the feeling of isolation and the integration between professionals in the field and academia. Concluded that the study can contribute with guidelines to qualify and support the care practice of occupational therapists in pediatric wards.
A roda da conversa como estratégia didática nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-06) Plonkoski, Karina Januário; Daibello, Cláudia de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8700765073529757; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3132-6471
The Conversation Circle is a valuable teaching strategy for the early years of Elementary School, especially when incorporated into a pedagogical practice that prioritizes dialogue and listening to children. This approach contributes significantly to strengthening pedagogical practices based on dialogue, interaction and affection, creating an environment conducive to students expressing themselves freely and being heard. The proposal to use the Conversation Circle in the classroom is based on theoretical frameworks that defend the school as a democratic and dialogic space, where everyone has the right to participate, speak and be heard. In addition, the practice recognizes the importance of emotional bonds, essential for the development of trusting relationships and for meaningful learning. Thus, by adopting this methodology, educators promote a more humanized and inclusive learning environment, aligned with the principles of a democratic and respectful education.
Uso da análise da expressão alelo-específica e do efeito de origem parental para a predição de variantes reguladoras de fenótipos relacionados ao músculo de bovinos Bos indicus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-06) Bruscadin, Jennifer Jessica; Diniz, Wellison Jarles da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7482534979062879; Regitano, Luciana Correia de Almeida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9595338480545794; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5667896852834214
The muscle tissue of Nelore cattle (Bos indicus) is the focus of studies aimed at improving meat quality traits that influence consumer acceptance. Therefore, investigating regulatory mechanisms that affect the expression of genes functionally related to these phenotypes is of great importance. Allele-specific expression (ASE) analyses are powerful tools for identifying regions under differential regulatory effects between two alleles, as they highlight the presence of cis-regulatory variants impacting transcription on each haplotype. If the allelic expression depends on the parental origin of the allele, genomic imprinting occurs. Epigenetic and cis-regulatory mechanisms can be responsible for these expression patterns, such as the binding of transcription factors (TFs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation when the regulatory SNP is heterozygous. Thus, to analyze the implications of ASE on gene regulation and phenotypic variation in Nelore cattle muscle, this study identified SNPs located in ASE regions (ASE SNPs) across the genome, pointing out those potentially associated with meat quality traits and identifying putative regulatory variants. Furthermore, through analyses of allele-specific methylation (ASM) and association of SNPs with parental origin effects on phenotypes (PO-QTLs, parent-of-origin quantitative trait loci), we suggest potential candidates for genomic imprinting in cattle and their possible impacts on traits of interest. This project identified the largest set of ASE SNPs in bovine muscle to date, comprising 38.177 ASE SNPs, and 24.650 putative cis-regulatory variants (aseQTLs, associated with the ASE and cis-eQTLs, associated to the transcription) able to regulate such expression patterns. The variation in 55 meat quality phenotypes was associated with a total of 1.479 ASE SNPs (referred to as DASE SNPs, differential ASE SNPs) and with 1.817 PO-QTLs. Additionally, 8.074 ASM regions were identified, highlighting new candidate genes for genomic imprinting for future validation. The regulatory mechanisms and biological processes involved in our findings were hypothesized. These results contribute to advancing knowledge about gene regulation in bovine muscle, proposing genomic candidate regions for validation and application in genomic selection programs aimed at improving the meat quality of Nelore cattle.
A concentração do mercado de banda larga fixa no Brasil: uma avaliação para o período entre 2015 e 2023
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-06) Andrade, Enzo de Almeida; Carrara, Aniela Fagundes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2348376949393246; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3131-2344
This study aims to analyze the technological evolution of fixed broadband internet in Brazil, the expansion of this market and quantify the concentration of the sector between 2015 and 2023, both at the level of Brazil and disaggregated by region. Through descriptive data analysis, information on accessibility, coverage, market share and the replacement of old technologies, such as ADSL, by more modern alternatives, such as fiber optics, were evaluated. Market concentration indicators were also calculated at the level of Brazil and at the regional level. The results showed that between 2015 and 2023, the fixed broadband market in Brazil underwent a significant deconcentration, both when considering the calculations for Brazil and when observing the calculations by region.
No limite da cruz e da enxada: imbricamento contemporâneo entre o MST e o cristianismo da libertação em Ribeirão Preto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-06) Guidotti, João Victor Martins Toledo; Souza, André Ricardo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7016915324466152; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5224-3117; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2800751220698480; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2803-6051
This dissertation examines the complex intersection between Liberation Theology (TL) and the Landless Rural Workers' Movement (MST), using the Mário Lago Settlement, located in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo. To do this, we compared the work of TL when the settlement was formed in 2003 with the work of the same movement today, 22 years later. TL, with its historical roots in Latin America, represented a theological and pastoral response to the conditions of inequality and oppression experienced by marginalized populations, particularly in rural areas. For its part, the MST emerged in Brazil as an organized social movement, structured around the struggle for land reform. The interaction between these two forces was striking at various historical moments, especially in the context of the strength of the Basic Ecclesial Communities (CEBs) and the formation of the movement's organizational bases. Adopting a sociological approach that combines historical, structural and empirical analysis, this work stems from the quest to understand the transformations in the religious and community field following the decline of the TL. The research explored how this ebb and flow has impacted the social and political dynamics of the Mário Lago Settlement, a space which in the past was marked by the presence of pastoral leaders aligned with the TL, but which today faces the absence of equivalent figures in their militant role. The analysis also considers how the lack of continuity of this pastoral model has contributed to a process of fragmentation of Catholicism, and consequently to the significant advance of Pentecostalism in this region.
Análise de dados governamentais abertos de instituições federais de ensino superior (IFES) do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-06) Romanin, Cristina Oliveira; Rigolin, Camila Carneiro Dias; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2388584081961836
Accountability and transparency have been increasingly addressed in all areas of scientific knowledge, including Information Science. Open data has the potential to be used to support these concepts. The objective was to evaluate open data sets from Federal Universities in the state of São Paulo regarding their adherence to the FAIR principles from Force11 and the W3C Best Practices for Data on the Web. The method consisted of using a protocol in the form of a checklist, composed of questions based on these principles and best practices, which was applied to the data sets located on the Federal Government Open Data Portal. The results indicate that, although the institutions make their data available under open licenses, the potential for their location, access and reuse is compromised by the low use of permanent identifiers and good quality metadata. Conclusion: The use of data can boost and assist transparency and accountability in the Brazilian context, since, for action, it is necessary to have arguments evidenced by data, to support advocacy and public policies.
Remoção de poluentes ambientais em águas residuárias: revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-06) Santos, Anderson; Moraes, Fernando Cruz de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8597473049054728
Concern about water supply is a topic that is highlighted by international agencies such as the UN, and water quality has been discussed mainly in terms of its potability in relation to emerging pollutants that can be found dissolved in it. Emerging pollutants are substances that have been identified in various places, such as wastewater, and do not have analysis protocols and concentration limits regulated by government agencies. As these pollutants are not regulated, they can persist in conventional water and sewage treatment processes and can cause severe impacts on the ecosystem during their disposal. With this in mind, this work presents a perspective on methods that can degrade the pesticide methomyl, an emerging pollutant that can be found in wastewater and has toxic effects on humans and aquatic life in general. Studies using Advanced Oxidative Processes (AOPs) have shown a promising alternative for the degradation of emerging pollutants, so a literature review was carried out of different AOPs that could possibly be used at scale for the degradation of methomyl. The review was based on microbiological degradation, the Fenton process, the photo-Fenton process, ozonization, photocatalysis and photo-electrocatalysis.
Resíduos químicos industriais: o cenário brasileiro e perspectivas futuras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-06) Thim, Sofia Tamácia; Urban, Roberta Cerasi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7313670290572985; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6328-6972
The topic of industrial solid waste has become of utmost importance in recent years due to the growing focus on sustainability in the industrial sector. With the progress of the Industrial Revolutions, the relationship between societies, goods production, and consumption has become closer than ever. With the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the beginning of the scarcity of non-renewable raw materials, such as fossil fuels, industries have found an increasing need to look at the concept of the "Circular Economy" with renewed attention. The objective of this work was to analyze, initially, the current position of the Brazilian Government regarding the production, management, and disposal of industrial waste, based on data provided by the Ministry of the Environment. It also examined some of the main waste disposal methods, such as incineration, co-processing, and landfilling, assessing their advantages and disadvantages from the perspectives of public health and the contamination of fauna and flora. Finally, the study highlighted significant actions and projects in solid waste circularity carried out by two companies in the chemical and petrochemical sectors, ICL and the Brazilian company Braskem. This study concludes that, despite substantial advancements in Brazilian legislation, there is still ample room for improvement and emphasizes the need for collaborative efforts among industries, government bodies, and consumers to make circularity increasingly practiced.
Pequenos cientistas: fundamentos investigativos na formação de alunos do terceiro ano do Ensino Fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-06) Guimarães, Maria Rita; Veraszto, Estéfano Vizconde; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6253673132956358; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4029-4803; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4578201759044756
Science teaching in Brazil faces recurring problems that have changed little over the last few years, but when we talk about physics teaching in the early years of elementary school this becomes particularly concerning, as this period is crucial for promoting children's cognitive and scientific development. During this phase, typically spanning from the 1st to the 5th grade, it is essential to spark curiosity, encourage observation, foster investigation, and develop critical thinking skills, yet, what happens in practice during this teaching is told in another way. Therefore, this study aims to explore and analyze how physics is taught in the 3rd grade of elementary school, how it should be approached, and the challenges faced in this educational stage. A systematic bibliographic review will be conducted using scientific articles published on Google Scholar between 2019 and 2024. The study will investigate how scientific inquiry is being addressed at this age level, employing Discursive Textual Analysis methodology to evaluate the findings.