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Crenças de gestantes usuárias de álcool e outras drogas no contexto da saúde mental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Tortorelli, Ticiana; Regina Zerbetto , Sonia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1282433435871232; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2522-1948; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4730019183370444; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8175-512X
The consumption of psychoactive substances has been increasing among women in Brazil, especially among younger women, which presents significant risks, especially during pregnancy. The consumption of these substances during pregnancy can result in obstetric complications and negative impacts on the development of the fetus. This study sought to fill a gap in knowledge by focusing on the universe of meanings of pregnant women who use alcohol and other drugs, aiming to contribute to public health policies for this population, promoting maternal and child health and the healthy development of babies. The general objective of this study was to analyze pregnant women's perceptions of their experience of using alcohol and other drugs during pregnancy and the impacts of this consumption on their lives and mental health at this time, through their beliefs. The specific objectives were to understand the emotions and feelings of pregnant women related to these experiences, as well as their coping strategies, from their perspective. This is a qualitative, exploratory study with pregnant women at any stage of pregnancy who self-reported as consumers of psychoactive substances and who attended a public maternity hospital in a city in the interior of São Paulo. A sociodemographic and health questionnaire was applied and a semi-structured interview was conducted individually and audio-recorded. The data were analyzed using Clarke and Braun's Reflective Thematic Analysis (RTA) and interpreted according to the theoretical basis of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), developed by Aaron T. Beck, which offered a conceptual framework to understand beliefs and their impact on the mental health of pregnant women. The study was analyzed and approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of a federal university in the interior of São Paulo, with the substantiated opinion no. 6,618,645 in the year 2024. The results highlighted that pregnant women expressed general negative beliefs, that is, of lack of love, helplessness and/or worthlessness, mainly arising from situations experienced during childhood and adolescence, as well as beliefs related to the experience of using alcohol and other drugs during pregnancy, which seem to underlie and influence this consumption, impacting the lives and mental health of these women. The participants in this study experienced ambivalent and conflicting feelings related to the use of psychoactive substances during pregnancy, as well as the search for abstinence during pregnancy. The feelings involved anxiety and stress during abstinence and in the process of reducing the pattern of psychoactive substance use, guilt when using drugs and also sadness for not using them. The motivational factors for pregnant women to decide to reduce or stop using drugs consisted of the pregnancy itself and concern for the baby's health. The coping strategies used by pregnant women when deciding to reduce or abstain from drugs during pregnancy involved eating fruits and sweets, focusing on their own and their children's physical health, waiting for the craving to pass, avoiding places and environments that could generate “triggers” for use, as well as the presence of family support. This study provided a space to listen to the narrative of the experiences of pregnant women. This fact can contribute to the practice of health professionals, helping them to better understand how they perceive themselves, the world and others, and how these perceptions can influence their emotions and addictive behaviors. Such information can reinforce the importance of these professionals delving into the universe of senses and meanings of this population so that, in fact, a more assertive intervention in health is possible. As perspectives for future research, studies involving several meetings with pregnant women who experience the use of psychoactive substances during pregnancy are recommended, in order to capture experiences that offer a greater understanding of the perceptive universe of this population. Prospective studies or clinical approach research based on cognitive-behavioral theory with pregnant women who experience the use of such substances are also suggested, in order to monitor intervention processes in this therapeutic line.
Experiência do usuário em uma intervenção programada remota digital para pessoas com demência e cuidadores: um estudo piloto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Alves, Dayane Ferreira; Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7873339343111119; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8508-0251; Castro, Paula Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3790263464498111; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0363-0871; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3472265932756003; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2057-9220
Introduction: According to the literature, individuals living with dementia may benefit more from cognitive stimulation interventions conducted in the comfort of their homes rather than in community centers. However, there is a paucity of research on the user experience in developing online cognitive training for individuals with dementia, delivered through remote digital devices. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring the feasibility of such interventions, considering the unique needs and challenges faced by this population. Objective: To evaluate the usability and acceptability of a digital remote programmed intervention with focus on monitoring for people with dementia and carers. Method: Pilot feasibility study with mixed methods approach and focus group. The sample was composed of 19 participants from a cognitive training program in-person at the Gerontology outpatient clinic of HU-UFSCar, 10 people with dementia and nine caregivers, divided into two groups: Intervention, composed of nine participants; and Control, with 10 members. The allocation was made in a non-probabilistic way, respecting the order of arrival and acceptance to participate in the research. The intervention group participated in a cognitive stimulation training during the academic recess, with tasks focused on memory and temporal orientation. These activities were monitored through the Experience and Programmed Intervention Sampling Method (ESPIM), ensuring continuous and personalized monitoring. On the other hand, the control group performed the same tasks in printed format, but without the monitoring provided by ESPIM. The outcome measures included adherence rate, System Usability Scale (SUS) and feedback through a post-intervention focus group. The analysis of qualitative data was performed from the technique of Content Analysis of Bardin. For the analysis of quantitative data, the t-test was applied to paired samples, the exact Fisher test and the chi-square test, using the Action software. Results: Eleven participants returned to the outpatient clinic to participate in the cognitive stimulation workshop, of whom nine belonged to the intervention group. Usability scores ranged from “good” (57.5) to “best imaginable” (100.0). Focus group analysis revealed five categories: experience with the activities, platform usability, impact on caregivers, social support, and suggestions for improvement. Conclusion: The findings suggest that remote digital interventions can effectively meet the needs of individuals with dementia and carers, offering a user-centered approach to enhance cognitive stimulation programs. These results may contribute to the development of personalized interventions, fostering advances in healthcare services for this population.
Contribuições bourdieusianas para o ensino fundamental: uma revisão sistemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) D'Aflita, Isabella Porto Chemello; Fernandes, Maria Cristina da Silveira Galan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5786385589553214; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8415-9400; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9846233868147960; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5421-8545
The present research aims to analyze the contributions of national and international academic production through the Bourdieusian framework for elementary education from 2020 to March 2024, with the objective of understanding its potential for a theory of practice. To achieve this, a bibliographic research approach is proposed, utilizing a systematic literature review to gather national and international articles that adopt a framework based on Pierre Bourdieu’s sociology for the educational field. A systematic review seeks scientific articles published within a specific time frame and filters them based on pre-established criteria. In this research, the criteria considered are articles that discuss elementary education and incorporate Pierre Bourdieu's work for analysis. The review identified a total of 1,112 articles, with 749 from the SciELO platform and 363 from the ERIC platform. After applying filters and inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine articles were selected from both platforms. The selected articles were organized based on the Bourdieusian concepts used, the methodology employed, and the criteria for appropriation of Bourdieu’s theory as proposed by Catani, Catani, and Pereira (2001). We found that five of the nine articles appropriately adopted Pierre Bourdieu’s work, effectively using the concepts and seeking to maintain a praxeological approach throughout the research, while also contributing relevant reflections within the logic of practice. Due to the scarcity of productions and the results found in the reviewed articles, it is evident that there is a need for greater articulation between theory and practice to contribute to the development of a new practical sense within the field of elementary education. It is hoped that this study can contribute to a better understanding of Pierre Bourdieu's work and its implications for educational practice in elementary education.
O papel das amizades na vida da mulher diante de experiências de violência por parceiro íntimo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Luque, Marjhorie Bocchi; D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9103-0616; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7027925109923097
Friendship is an important source of well-being, providing social support and shared experiences. In intimate partner violence (IPV) contexts, a woman's support network may weaken, leading to social isolation and making it harder to seek help. This study aimed to investigate the functions of friendship, comparing women who were victims and non-victims of IPV, as well as those who cohabited or did not cohabit with their partners, and to analyze the relationship between types of violence experienced and friendship functions. A total of 118 cisgender women participated, aged between 18 and 44 years (M=23.5; SD=4.2). All participants completed the McGill-UFRGS Scale and the adapted version of the WHO VAW Study instrument. Results indicated that participants evaluated their friendships positively, citing more female than male friends. The most valued friendship functions were help, self-validation, and intimacy. No significant differences were found between IPV victims and non-victims, nor between those who cohabited and those who did not. Women who cohabited reported higher levels of emotional violence and total IPV scores. A weak but significant negative correlation was found between reliable alliance and emotional violence, as well as total IPV scores, suggesting that having loyal friendships may serve as a protective factor. The study highlights the importance of strengthening intimate friendships among women experiencing IPV.
Ocupações com indicação de tecnologia assistiva em crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista por terapeutas ocupacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Ferreira, Kétlin Cristina; Agnelli Martinez, Luciana Bolzan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6769528949964873; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0873-9806; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6384122593034093; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6766-646X
Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often have their occupations affected by issues related to delayed development of performance components and changes in sensory processing. Despite the current broad discussion on intervention strategies and approaches with this population, little emphasis is placed on the indication and use of Assistive Technology (AT) as an important intervention resource to promote the participation and engagement of children with ASD in occupations. In this sense, this research aims to contribute to the production of knowledge in the area, starting from the perspective of occupational therapists. Objective: To map the resources, strategies and devices of Assistive Technology indicated by occupational therapists in the occupations of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Methodology: This is an exploratory, descriptive study with quantitative and qualitative approaches, which began with the construction of a specific questionnaire, approved by evaluators with experience in the area, aimed at occupational therapists. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis, data categorization and visual maps. Results: After extensive dissemination, 37 occupational therapists who work with children with ASD in 11 Brazilian states participated, providing services in private offices or clinics (67.6%) and the other 32.4% distributed in Associations of Parents and Friends of Exceptional Children (APAEs), Specialized Rehabilitation Centers (CERs), Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), as well as Associations and centers related to ASD and Regular Schools. It was possible to identify that there are AT resources, devices and strategies that can be used within children's occupations: play, social participation, education and activities of daily living (feeding, bathing, personal/sanitary hygiene, dressing and undressing) of children with ASD, such as the use of visual cues, communication resources and changes in the strategy for carrying out the activity. The results showed that although all occupations presented indications for the use of AT, education and ADL personal hygiene/sanitary activities stood out with the highest number of indications. In the activity of personal hygiene, visual cues stood out, in play the use of offers and strategies for self-regulation was the most selected, in education, adaptations and/or making adapted materials was the most indicated. The category of assistive technology most mentioned by the participants was “aids for daily living and practical life” with 97.3% and the category of augmentative and alternative communication with 83.8%. Although occupational therapists consider it important for clinical practice and in children's occupations, the search for references for assistive technology is little compared to its importance and the indication of AT has been presented more with the term resources and adaptations rather than assistive technology itself. Final considerations: Assistive technology is among the different intervention strategies that can be adopted with children with ASD and were associated with different children's occupations, with emphasis on Education, which had all assistive devices selected by more than half of the participants, as well as the ADLs that were presented with emphasis on specific needs for indication for each of them.
A conversa, a escuta e as cartas como modo de pesquisa-VIDA-formação: matizes para uma educação na/da diferença junto a professoras de crianças com autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Rocha, Simone de Paula; Aygadoux, Bárbara Cristina Moreira Sicardi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9746628149674449; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5097-459X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0996833794539627; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4765-7646
This is a research entangled by ConversActions others in the/of with the school routine. I choose colors for the paletteresearch with shades of listening and of talking, with a political epistemological choice which prioritizes life in its multiples versions and helps us to not forget that we are humans. In this process of narrating life, I bring to the conversationresearch the metaphor with the ribbon colors that compose the symbol of autism, in a perspective other of dialoguing with a theme, since this composition arises from my own life story of mother of a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder -ASD and teacher of the Specialized Educational Assistance -AEE. The nuances of the research are constituted from the proposal of an extension course for the teachers that act in the AEE, in a movement woven in the/of and through research-LIFE-education and it is linked to the Federal University of São Carlos and the Regional Board of Education - DRE of the Rondonópolis-MT Pole. The study proposes to biographize the experiences that compose the teaching work of the teachers in the assistance to children with ASD. I choose as methodological device the Pedagogical Letters and establish as objective comprehending, from the narratives the way in which the teaching knowledges are (re)known, (re)dimensioned and constitute the assistance of the ASD students, in the state network of the Rondonópolis-MT Pole and in Pole 16 of the State of São Paulo. The thesis is organized in Mailboxes with Pedagogical Letters parting from the colors which compose the ribbon symbol of autism. Each Mailbox brings the weaving of the movement of research in/of/with the school routine and tone meaningful reflections in the field of Special Education. In the inset of the colors and shades of the writingresearch I find in Josso the tone of the life stories. With Passeggi and Souza the nuances that sustain the research in the (Auto)biographical approach. In Freire the in-between tones in the dialogicity. Freitas, arrives and composes the palette with the device of the Pedagogical Letters. Skliar, brings the nuances of listening and of talking. I defend that biographize the voices that echo the school routines is sheltering a timespace other, in a logic which embraces the listening of the senses, a sensitive listening, in a journey that begins with the listening of our own and the conscience of the (co)existence. A movement of learningteaching of how we see, feel and think in the/of difference. The research enunciates a perspective of self-education and Converseducation from the experiential knowledges inhabited in the centrality of the pedagogical constructions and, announces a convers(action) in a horizontal movement of conversation, listening and writing which is done in the art of the encounter between the pauses of time and the time necessary for the pauses.
Proposta colaborativa para elaboração de um plano de ação embasado no currículo funcional natural em um hospital de retaguarda
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Rossini, Maria Gabriella; Gonçalves, Adriana Garcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3907378784787581; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-2001; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2044696794868735; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-4199
The Natural Functional Curriculum proposes teaching methods centered on the learning of adaptive skills in real-life contexts, with a focus on autonomy and functionality, and is widely used in Special Education. This study aimed to develop and evaluate an action plan based on this curriculum for a patient with cerebral palsy, through collaborative work among hospital professionals. It is a descriptive, qualitative, and collaborative study conducted in a long-term care hospital in the interior of São Paulo, which serves patients full-time with high levels of dependency and clinical complexity. Five members of the multidisciplinary team and one adult patient, institutionalized for approximately forty years, participated in the study. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation of the hospital routine, and individual meetings with professionals for the construction of the action plan. After data collection, the plan was evaluated by the team, by a hospital manager, and presented to the patient, who also contributed suggestions. The resulting plan was described as a document that includes objectives, goals, strategies, methods for implementing interventions, resources, and evaluation criteria. The professionals highlighted the practical applicability of the proposal within the hospital routine, with the potential for extension to other patients. It is concluded that the development of an action plan based on the Natural Functional Curriculum, with the active participation of the multidisciplinary team and patient-centered focus, contributes to the effectiveness of interventions and the promotion of socio-emotional skills in the hospital setting.
Aprimoramento e análise da eficácia da ferramenta js-distributor em projetos de desenvolvimento de software baseados em microsserviços
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Araujo Filho, Romeu Leite de; Lucrédio, Daniel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9090396559596221
This work aims to enhance and analyze the effectiveness of the js-distributor tool in software development projects based on microservices. The microservices architecture is widely adopted due to its flexibility, allowing different components to be developed and deployed independently. However, defining the architecture and decomposing monolithic systems into microservices is still challenging, primarily due to the lack of automated tools that efficiently support the final stage of this transition. js-distributor allows transforming monolithic code into microservices while preserving the original application logic and facilitating its deployment in production environments. This research presents an analysis of the tool in different scenarios, highlighting improvements made to expand possible use cases and refactor logic involving callbacks (function calls passed as parameters), as migrating this type of logic to microservices can be challenging. Tests conducted demonstrated that the tool was effective in generating microservices from the implemented improvements.
Relações de amizade para usuários da saúde mental: um estudo exploratório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Baratela, Laís Riviera; Morato, Giovana Garcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2928616003881655; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9477088434392565
In the 1970s and 1980s, Brazil underwent profound changes, including in the area of mental health, driven by the Psychiatric Reform. This reform encompassed conceptual, technical, sociocultural, and legal aspects, emphasizing the importance of social networks for the inclusion and increased social participation of mental health service users. However, many individuals face challenges in establishing and strengthening these networks due to social stigma and the isolation caused by mental illness. Friendship plays a crucial role in mental health; individuals with strong social ties tend to exhibit lower levels of anxiety and depression, serving as a source of support during crises. Promoting friendship formation should be an integral part of mental health care, as meaningful relationships are essential for improving users' quality of life and providing protective factors. Consequently, this research aimed to investigate and understand the role, function, and importance of friendships for users of CAPS II (Psychosocial Care Centers). This exploratory study utilized a qualitative approach and involved ten users from a CAPS II in a municipality in the interior of São Paulo state. Data collection employed two semi-structured interview guides based on participants' responses to the question: "Do you have friends?" If the answer was affirmative, Guide 1 was used; if negative, Guide 2 was applied. The collected data were transcribed and subjected to Thematic Analysis, resulting in three thematic categories: "Who am I in this conversation about friendship?", "Friendship for what and where?", and "What is the importance of having a friendship?". The analysis revealed that most participants have friendships and express a desire to make new friends. They also shared difficulties in establishing trust and factors limiting their ability to form new connections. It was noted that most friendships occur in other social spaces, with four participants mentioning church as a context for friendship, while only one person identified CAPS as such a space. Finally, it is suggested that further research should be conducted on this topic to generate knowledge and develop new strategies that support mental health users in building, maintaining, and expanding their friendships. It is argued that care must include strengthening users' social networks and expanding opportunities for sociability in their communities as a means to enhance inclusion.
Inteligência artificial e computação quântica para solução de problemas de logística industrial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Valério, Amanda Gabriela; Villas-Bôas, Celso Jorge; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5700887540085418; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5622-786X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1235684956629075; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6207-8781
The warehouse management problem discussed in this dissertation consists of optimizing the allocation of items in a storage system ordered similarly to a queue and minimizing reallocations of these items. For this purpose, this research proposes three strategies: Quantum Annealing, Simulated Annealing and a Recommendation System, the latter also responsible for generating parameters for the other methods. The results showed that the Recommendation System stood out in terms of processing time and significantly reduced reinsertions. On the other hand, Simulated Annealing achieved even better results, with a significant reduction in the number of reinsertions compared to the company's current method. Both methods revealed practical potential and viable integration into industrial systems. In the quantum approach, despite restrictions on the instances executed, the evolution of the system's energy indicates competitive potential in relation to Simulated Annealing, especially considering the expected advances in fault-tolerant computers. Although currently quantum computers are limited and susceptible to a considerable level of noise, the results obtained already point to practical and promising applications. In addition, a connection was identified between the Lift metric for association rule and the g^(2)(τ) correlation function of quantum optics. On this basis, a study was started to verify the feasibility of developing a quantum recommendation algorithm, whose initial discussions are presented at the end of the dissertation.
Produção do comum e políticas de saúde mental infantojuvenis: convergências e distanciamentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Rocha, Laura Sanches; Ferigato, Sabrina Helena; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3248396158325409; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7567-7225; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2314275154419198; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0323-6513
Public policies for child and adolescent mental health in Brazil have a recent history of institutionalization, dating back approximately the last twenty-five years. Since then, mental health care for children and adolescents has been shaped by the understanding of these individuals as subjects of rights and by the guarantee of their care in freedom, following the principles of the Psychiatric Reform and Human Rights. In parallel, the interdisciplinary concept of the “production of the common” has gained prominence as a political principle aimed at opposing the neoliberal and capitalist way of life. This concept, inspired by the Philosophy of Difference, has been explored in the field of Collective Health, emphasizing collective, community-based, and participatory practices, and it may enter into dialogue with the assumptions of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform. This research seeks to build a bridge between child and adolescent mental health policies and the concept of the production of the common, identifying, through the discourse present in key policy documents, possible correlations—whether potentially conducive to or suppressive of the production of the common. The general objective of this project is to analyze how the production of the common correlates with federal mental health policies for children and adolescents. To this end, the following specific objectives are proposed: (a) to map and analyze official documents that support child and adolescent mental health policies in Brazil; and (b) to identify correlations between the statements guiding public mental health policies for children and adolescents and the production of the common. To achieve these objectives, a document analysis methodology is employed, structured in the following stages: identification of the main documents to be analyzed, floating reading, selective reading, categorization of selected excerpts, and descriptive and reflective data analysis. Preliminary results indicate possible dialogues between the discourses of child and adolescent mental health policies and the production of the common, which were systematized into two axes: (1) Discourses potentially conducive to the common (including topics such as Guarantee of rights, Social inclusion, Social control, Territory, Work and network articulation, Collective care proposals, Intersectoriality, Universal access to services, Collaborative work, Health as a process of production, Subject autonomy, Comprehensiveness, Support for teamwork, and Horizontality); and (2) Discourses potentially suppressive of the common, which include practices and narratives that may inhibit common-producing practices (such as the Risk of pathologizing childhood and adolescence, and Fragmented work processes). It is expected that the results of this research will contribute to the improvement of intersectoral policies aimed at children and adolescents, to the fields of Mental Health and Collective Health, as well as to the field of Occupational Therapy.
Aplicação do Algoritmo LIME para explicar como classificadores black-box usam atributos na tomada de decisão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Arruda, Vinicius Gonçalves; Ribeiro, Marcela Xavier; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0300141044144026
With the recent popularization of generative artificial intelligence, there has been an increase in concern about making understandable the determining criteria used by models to answer questions proposed by users. In this work, we sought to use Explainable AI (XAI) techniques to clarify the functioning of black-box models, those in which the path taken by the algorithm to find the answer offered is not clear. The concern about the explainability of an AI model is mainly to ensure reliability and monitor possible ethical and rights failures, such as: prejudice, discrimination, invasion of privacy, among other problems that training can cause. The black-box model chosen was the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and we sought to increase its explainability by applying the LIME Algorithm. The application aimed to understand the weight assigned to the attributes in the MLP decision. To this end, a weighted kNN algorithm was adjusted with the assignment of the weights found by the importance ranking of the attributes generated by LIME when applied to the MLP. Finally, performance measures such as execution time, precision, accuracy, recall, F1 Score and Jaccard were analyzed to compare the MLP with a white-box classifier, kNN. The results obtained suggest that there is an increase in the explainability of the MLP using XAI techniques and that the average performance of LIME improves the expressiveness of the global influence of the attributes in the classification model.
Queimadas e fatores associados a produtividade primária bruta no cerrado: uma abordagem de machine learning explicável
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Santos, Gabriel Pandolfi Corrrea dos; Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0487231065057783; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5489-7306; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1369731148694239
Primary Growth Production (GPP) is one of the fundamental components for the planet. It is related to climate, vegetation, agribusiness, water cycle, health, as well as fires and burning, and consequent climate changes, etc., and is also the base of the food chain. Objective: To analyze the most influential variables of Growth Primary Production (GPP), through Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) and techniques and SHapley Additive ExPlanations (SHAP) in the Brazilian Cerrado. Methodology: Eleven meteorological stations from three states (Goiás, Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul) and the Federal District, composed the sample. The data related to the variables Weather, Climate and Vegetation and Fire outbreaks, of the 2003-2020 time series were obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)/National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) remote sensor, from the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) and from the Queimadas Program of the National Institute for Space Research (INPE). An exploratory analysis, pre-processing, modeling and inference of the data was carried out. The analyses were made using Ensemble Models, Random Forest (RF), Extra Trees (ET) and Adaptive Boosting. Results: The models that presented the best performance in relation to GPP were ET, RF and AdaBoost. The most important variables (feature importance) were Surface Temperature and Fires. Conclusion: SHAP made it possible to overcome the limitations of traditional predictive models, favoring a deeper analysis of the factors influencing GPP. Variables such as fire outbreaks and temperature had a negative impact, unlike vegetation, which had a positive impact on the sustainability of the Brazilian Cerrado ecosystem. Future expansion is proposed to include more variables and models, improving environmental sustainability analyses.
É assim que eu trabalho na Atenção Básica em Saúde: uma pesquisa-ação colaborativa com terapeutas ocupacionais em uma Comunidade de Prática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Aguiar, Laysla Demonari de; Marcolino, Taís Quevedo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7197838515800679; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9694-5118; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6759395773791257; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0691-8739
Primary Health Care (PHC) is characterized as the first level of health care, offering comprehensive care and taking place in the place closest to people's lives. In recent years, some problems have been added to the PHC context, causing direct impacts on work processes and the care offered to the population. Occupational therapists are present in PHC services, with generalist practices centered on people's needs. There is room to investigate the reality of occupational therapists' work in Brazilian PHC, in order to unveil work processes in the face of the repercussions of current management and funding policies on work in PHC and the care practices developed in this context. To this end, the community of practice is presented as a theoretical-methodological strategy that favors the integration of investigative and training aspects. In order to identify aspects of the reality of the work of occupational therapists in Brazilian PHC, an action research was carried out, operationalized as a Virtual Community of Practice/CoP, with 14 meetings held online and synchronously, lasting 1 hour and 30 minutes, during the months of April to October 2023. The meetings were videotaped and their transcripts analyzed thematically. Six occupational therapists took part, coming from different regional contexts, with a diversity of services, employment relationships and populations served. The results were organized in such a way as to present the participants expectations and how they shared their work in PHC, valuing the narrative process sustained by the exchange of knowledge and experiences through the sentence “this is how I work”. It was possible to identify aspects of the work process organized into three themes: 1. Where is the humanization policy? Overload and dehumanization; 2. I want to offer quality care, like what I was taught to do. The high demand for adaptability in work processes: caring for, managing and discussing cases; and 3. what to do with all these contingencies, revealing the repercussions of current management and funding policies on the participants' daily personal and work lives and health. The aspects relating to care practices were organized into four themes: 1. Challenges and dilemmas for occupational therapy care in PHC; 2. Expectations and desires for working in PHC; 3. Professional identity in occupational therapy; and 4. Care practices in occupational therapy in PHC. Care practices in occupational therapy in PHC, revealing the desire to work in PHC, the complexities of care and the ethics of care in PHC based on the specificity of occupational therapy and implicit practices. The aspects of participation in the virtual CoP can be understood both in their formative-reflective aspects and in the power of the care constructed, and these results were organized in such a way as to describe the meetings and organized into two themes: 1. The potential of a CoP to unveil occupational therapy work in PHC and 2. The CoP as a space for care. The original results of this research indicate that there are adverse conditions that impact professional practice and the various strategies adopted by occupational therapists to overcome difficulties in the workplace, as well as highlighting the CoP as a space for building knowledge and, at the same time, producing care.
Synthesis of metallic nanoparticles in deep eutectic solvents for electroanalytical applications
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Gomes-Junior, Paulo Cardoso; Fatibello Filho, Orlando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9859737944357808; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6923-2227; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1800829277084778; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5551-9887
In this work, the synthesis of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) in DES were developed for subsequent applications in electrochemical sensors based on two carbon materials: carbon black (CB) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). First, a DES-based on choline chloride (ChCl) and urea (U) in a molar ratio of 1:2 (mol:mol ) was used as a stabilizing medium in the synthesis of ultrasmall nanoparticles (USNPs) (size < 1.0 nm) using a bottom-up approach based on solvothermal concepts, under mild temperature conditions (< 100 ºC). Platinum and cerium oxide USNPs with average sizes of 0.73 (± 0.07) nm and 0.204 (± 0.008) nm, respectively, were obtained using DES. SEM and TEM were used to morphologically characterize the USPtNPs and USCeOxNPs, revealing approximately spherical shapes with characteristic emission lines of platinum and cerium in the EDS spectrum. The ChCl:U-based DES was characterized by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy, which indicated its formation through hydrogen bonds between the precursors. DSC studies demonstrated thermal glass transition and melting events for DES and its precursors. Furthermore, electrochemical sensors were developed: (i) for determination of riboflavin (RB) in commercial energy drinks and biological fluids using USPtNPs together with MWCNT; (ii) for determination of dopamine (DA) in biological fluids using USCeOxNPs with CB. In the voltammetric determination of RB, the USPtNPs-DES/MWCNT/GCE sensor achieved linear responses in the range of 0.02 – 1.2 µmol L−1, with a detection limit of 1.8 nmol L−1, and good repeatability and anti-interference characteristics. The USCeOxNPs-DES/CB/GCE sensor showed a linear response for DA in the range from 5.0 × 10−7 mol L−1 to 3.2 × 10−4 mol L−1, with a detection limit of 80 nmol L−1, good repeatability and anti-interference performances. Furthermore, both sensors were successfully applied to determine the target analytes in energy drinks and biological fluid samples. In this first part, both the synthesis of USNPs in DES and their applications in the sensors were successful. Subsequently, a new hydrophilic DES based on ChCl and diethanolamine (DEA) was developed, which included physicochemical, molecular and thermal characterizations. From the DSC analyses, a phase diagram was elaborated to determine the eutectic composition in the set of fractions, and the results showed that the eutectic point of the DES was in the molar ratio 1:3 (mol:mol) with a melting temperature of 285.8 K for ChCl:DEA. Additionally, characterizations performed by FT-IR and NMR allowed the identification of interactions between the DES precursors. The DES at the eutectic point was then used to synthesize AgNPs without adding a conventional reducing agent and under mild conditions (< 100 °C). The results of the morphological characterizations of AgNPs obtained by TEM, EDS, SAED, and XRD revealed varied shapes with emission lines characteristic of polycrystalline silver and crystallographic planes of face-centred cubic structures. Additionally, AgNPs were incorporated into a film based on MWCNT, dimethylformamide, and Nafion™. AgNPs-DES/MWCNT/GCE sensor showed a significant increase in the electrocatalytic activities related to the redox behavior of hydroquinone, good stability in the voltammetric responses, especially due to the AgNPs, that enabled a high value of apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (kapp) and low charge transfer resistance (Rct). The diffusion coefficient (Dapp) and catalytic constant (kcat) were estimated to be (4.1 ± 0.5) x 10−5 cm2 s−1 and 2.8 x 106 mol−1 L s−1, respectively. The results presented in this work show the importance of characterizing DES and that their applications in green syntheses can generate promising nanomaterials in electrochemical sensor applications.
Atuação docente no contexto socioeducativo: investigação da educação na medida de internação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Scalvi, Gustavo Fernandes; Domeniconi, Camila; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9684535663947328; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0486-3543; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3119502286849451; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4382-4057
The comprehension of what defines infancy and adolescence comes from considering their social and historical construction. In Brazil, legal advances are noticeable, primarily established in the Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente and in the paradigm of integral protection, which consider children and adolescents as people in development, endowed with rights and fundamental guarantees. However, old issues persist, especially when looking at the socio-educational measures system, where young black and poor people are the majority in situations of restriction or deprivation of liberty. Considering the legal premises that advocate for the socio-educational measure as eminently pedagogical, this work seeks to investigate the teacher’s role in the socio-educational context. In Study 1, an integrative literature review was conducted based on the combination of descriptors in the Scielo, BVS, and CAPES databases about the production of evidence regarding teaching in socio-education, with 17 articles being selected. The results point to several issues, especially those related to the development of specific policies, adequate working conditions, and initial and continuous training. On the other hand, recent studies were found that approach the concept of education as a mechanism of (re)insertion into society and the development of innovative pedagogical practices specific to the context. In Study 2, through the online application of a quantitative-qualitative questionnaire with 19 teachers from the Fundação CASA, the aim was to study the role of educators in the internment measure in the state of São Paulo. The results indicate a lack of prior preparation for the work, the need for constant adaptation, demotivation, and disinterest from adolescents, age-series distortion, limitations in some materials, and mainly, the lack of consensus regarding the primary function of the socio-educational measure. On the other hand, most participants believe that the school can function within the context of deprivation of liberty and are satisfied with the work done, emphasizing their central role in the educational process. Finally, the general discussion aims to relate Studies 1 and 2, reflecting on the results found and current topics relevant to the development of the field, while seeking an initial dialogue on possible interventions in light of Behavior Analysis, considering the development of adapted and specific strategies to help reduce and overcome the problems identified.
Atuação da terapia ocupacional com crianças e adolescentes com transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) no brasil: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Prado, Gelise Sousa; Fernandes, Amanda Dourado Souza Akahosi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7901666626822625; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8006-8117; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0983501237710419; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6070-7855
Given the popularization of the topic of autism in the current context, occupational therapy has been one of the most used professionals when it comes to the care and intervention of autistic children and adolescents. However, Brazilian literature is scarce and indicates a series of gaps that need to be overcome. Thus, the present study aimed to identify and analyze what has been produced in the national scientific literature about the work of occupational therapists with children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder in Brazil. Based on the guiding question “what has been produced in the national literature about the work of occupational therapy with children and adolescents with ASD?” data collection began in the Revista de Terapia Ocupacional da USP, Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional da UFSCar and Revista Interinstitucional Brasileira de Terapia Ocupacional. In total, 29 publications were selected for thematic analysis. The results were organized according to 4 thematic axes - 1) Occupational therapy practices during the COVID-19 pandemic; 2) Mothers, families and caregivers; 3) Inclusion, play and social skills and 4) techniques, methods and approaches. It is expected that this study will contribute to a better understanding of the core of occupational therapy when it comes to working with autistic children and adolescents.
O processo de luto e as transformações cotidianas vivenciadas pelas famílias após a descoberta do diagnóstico de transtorno do espectro autista (TEA)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Sanches, Giovana Domiciano; Fernandes, Amanda Dourado Souza Akahosi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7901666626822625; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8006-8117; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4220311015412390; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4061-0220
The literature indicates that families of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) experience a process of symbolic mourning and significant daily transformations after discovering the diagnosis, going through ruptures similar to concrete mourning. However, this topic has been little investigated, despite the popularization of the subject of autism. Thus, the objective of the present study was to understand the process of mourning and the daily transformations experienced by parents/guardians of children with ASD, after discovering the diagnosis. In addition, we intended to identify what it was like for the families to receive this diagnosis; what changes occurred in their daily lives after the discovery; and what factors may have contributed to or hindered the experience of this process. To this end, this is an exploratory, descriptive study with a qualitative approach, carried out with parents/guardians of children diagnosed with ASD, based on snowball sampling. The data were collected through an online interview, conducted on the Google Meet online platform, and analyzed using categorical analysis. The results showed that there were significant changes in the families' daily lives, directly impacting interpersonal relationships, leisure activities, support networks, among others. Furthermore, it is noted that the grieving process is not linear and is unique to each family, given that many are still experiencing this grief and others say they do not feel directly affected. It is hoped that this study can contribute to a better understanding of the reality experienced by parents/guardians of children with ASD in order to favor the construction of strategies and policies that aim to create and expand the support network and informational support for these families when they discover the diagnosis.
Acompanhamento de egressos da pós-graduação stricto sensu – uma proposta para uma Instituição de Ensino Superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Okde, Célia Gleysi Caetano; Rachid, Alessandra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6981682198988902; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6250602522192659
This research aims to develop a proposal for tracking graduates from stricto sensu postgraduate programs at the Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT). The study was conducted through a literature review, document analysis, website research, benchmarking, and interviews. A case study was carried out at UFMT, involving document analysis on the websites of the Ministry of Education (MEC), UFMT, and the four postgraduate programs selected for this research, as well as interviews with the coordinators of these programs. Additionally, benchmarking was conducted with four universities—USP, UnB, UFSC, and UFSCar—by analyzing information available on their websites and alumni portals. To complement this, interviews were conducted with individuals responsible for alumni management at USP and UFSCar. Graduate tracking has been gradually incorporated into Brazilian universities as a tool for institutional and program evaluation, but it remains a significant challenge. The research results highlighted the need to integrate various institutional bodies and stakeholders in alumni management. Based on these findings, a graduate tracking model was developed. The model suggests specific practices and identifies the key internal and external units that should be involved in alumni management.
“Olha, os bebês estão chegando!” O direito à Educação Infantil do Campo, das Águas e das Florestas: a creche no Assentamento Pirituba II do MST – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-24) Araujo, Thaise Vieira de; Santos, Maria Walburga dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2954227254025696; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9304-5800; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7417720580937774; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9540-271X
This thesis was developed in the research line “Training of Educators, Daily Life and Educational Practices”, linked to the Graduate Program in Education of the Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba campus, in the State of São Paulo. It is part of the Research Group on Children, Early Childhood Education and Childhood Studies – CRIEI, which is coordinated by Prof. Maria Walburga dos Santos. The theme focused here is part of the discussions on Early Childhood Education in the Countryside, Water and Forest areas. Thus, we took as a base the Terezinha de Moura Rodrigues Gomes Municipal School, located in the Pirituba II Settlement, in Itapeva, São Paulo state, for the development of the research. The general objective of the case study was to analyze the right of children from 0 to 3 years old to daycare in the countryside, considering both the public policies already implemented and those that still need to be established in guaranteeing the right to education. The research, with a qualitative approach, had the following main instruments for data construction: field research; participant observation; interviews with teachers, families, Early Childhood Education monitors and managers (school principal and pedagogical coordinator); field diary record; and photography. The information collected was organized based on themes that guided the research and that are connected to the general and specific objectives. The analysis took place from the theoretical framework of the research, that is, the contributions of the debates on Early Childhood Education in the Countryside, Water and Forest areas, in dialogue with Early Childhood Education and Rural Education. As a result, we found that the daycare center in the Pirituba II Settlement is the result of the organized political struggle of peasant women; the work of the School Director has been committed to the right of children, including babies, to Rural Education. There are favorable conditions for the offer of the daycare center, such as a newly built facility and a team of teaching and non-teaching professionals who have secure job contracts, avoiding turnover. However, demands were observed that indicate the continuity of the public policy, such as the provision of school transportation for the age group of 0 to 3 years; access to daycare for babies up to 6 months of age, if there is demand from families; teacher training and curriculum that consider the specificity of Early Childhood Education in the Countryside, Water and Forest areas, guaranteeing the rights of children in rural territories and the consolidation of an Education situated in and belonging to the Countryside in the investigated school.