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A gestão educacional e o processo de elaboração do Plano Municipal de Educação (2015-2025) em São Paulo: das notas taquigráficas à análise dos representantes entrevistados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-26)
De Morais, Nicole Claro Moreira
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Ramos, Géssica Priscila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2573340489166336
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3797847628053021
This research aims to identify and analyze the educational management model of the municipality of São Paulo, based on the actions, political decisions, and strategies developed since 2008 for the formulation of the Municipal Education Plan (2015–2025). In the municipality under study, the process of constructing the Municipal Education Plan (MEP) began in 2008 with Ordinance No. 3,169, which established the Organizing Committee for the MEP Construction Process. This process was finalized in 2015 with the approval of the document, following a long trajectory. For this study, the specific objectives defined were: to understand the mechanisms of management and regulation established within national policy and, in particular, within the policy of the municipality of São Paulo from the 1990s onwards, as well as their political and ideological foundations and their implications for education; to analyze the model and mechanisms of management present in the process of elaborating the MEP; and to examine the participation of civil society and its impact on the decisions made during the elaboration of the MEP. The research adopts a qualitative approach, grounded in: bibliographic research, with theoretical references that supported the theoretical and field discussions; documentary research, based on the stenographic notes produced throughout the Plan’s proceedings in 17 public hearings; and field research, consisting of semi-structured interviews with five representatives who participated in the MEP’s elaboration process. The basic categories of analysis employed were: actors involved, types of participation, location of power, and management mechanisms. Data analysis reveals that the model of democratic management was re-signified or distorted throughout the Plan’s proceedings, adopting a neoliberal logic of organization and regulation, in which social participation became increasingly symbolic and constrained. The political decisions and management strategies employed (whether formally or informally) influenced both the drafting of the MEP and the decision-making process at the time. The review of stenographic notes, combined with the testimonies collected through interviews, demonstrated that ideological divergences and power struggles took center stage in debates that should have focused on educational demands. Thus, the findings indicate that, despite certain efforts to democratize the Plan’s formulation process, disputes and the use of power mechanisms during its proceedings not only shaped the drafting of the document but also reinforced the maintenance of neoliberal logic within the education system of the municipality of São Paulo. Therefore, it can be concluded that the management model identified throughout the elaboration of the MEP translated into the re-signification of mechanisms of democratic management, deeply distorted and ultimately undermined by conservative and managerial models, which appropriated democratic concepts and discourses to legitimize their actions in defense of private interests.
Governança das contratações no setor público: uma análise do iGovContratações no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-26)
Rodrigues, Ana Carolina Conze
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Molina, Wagner de Souza Leite
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5939243693407420
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3855-7416
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2762868864097850
This research sought to understand how different campuses of a federal educational institution position themselves in relation to the regulatory and evaluative frameworks established by the Brazilian Federal Court of Accounts, through a longitudinal comparison with the governance survey cycles of 2018, 2021, and 2024. The hypothesis assumed that institutional progress, as captured by national indexes, is not internalized uniformly across units, being influenced by factors such as staff training, organizational structure, and adherence to management processes. A quantitative methodology was adopted, based on a survey conducted with procurement and contract managers, using a structured questionnaire and a comparative analysis of the responses in relation to institutional and national parameters. The results revealed disparities in maturity levels, especially in aspects related to human resource management, integrity, and sustainability, indicating that a significant portion of the campuses remain at initial stages of governance. It was found that the institutionalization of good practices depends both on regulatory alignment and on local managerial engagement, and it is recommended to intensify training strategies, strengthen internal controls, and increase integration between planning and procurement execution to improve governance and efficiency in the use of public resources.
A área de compras como indutora de ações sustentáveis: uma experiência no setor de alimentos e bebidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-26)
Yamamoto, Juliana Miwa
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Silva, João Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3823047207711289
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6739-5065
Corporate environmental responsibility has become increasingly relevant due to growing public awareness and stricter environmental regulations. In this context, the Procurement area plays a fundamental role in supplier selection and the adoption of sustainable criteria within companies. This study aims to identify the main challenges faced by this area in implementing sustainable practices and to analyze the strategies adopted to promote sustainability in the supply chain. Additionally, the research evaluates the impact of sustainable actions in terms of environmental and social benefits. A case study was conducted in a company from the food and beverage sector, serving as a practical example, where sustainability indicators such as CO₂ emissions, energy efficiency, and actions across the supply chain were compared. Through the company's sustainability report, an interview with a manager, and the development of a SWOT Matrix, it was possible to identify that the company demonstrates a high level of maturity regarding sustainability and aligns with what is proposed in the literature, which highlights the Procurement area’s ability to significantly influence supply chain sustainability.
Investigando a efetividade de uma UEPS para o ensino de energia e suas transformações no Ensino Médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-26)
Pereira, Márcio Richelli Batista
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López, Johnny Vilcarromero
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2842871947259606
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1234-149X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7429284760648386
The various challenges of current education indicate that pedagogical innovation is necessary, especially the preparation of teachers for the use of new resources and pedagogical tools. It is necessary to rethink how to involve students in the practices we propose and how to develop, in the best possible way and with well-defined objectives, the content proposed to be taught. Considering all these aspects, this research proposes a sequence for teaching and learning a specific theme in Physics, related to the content of energy and its transformations. Understanding the concept of energy represents one of the greatest challenges in teaching Physics, especially in Basic Education. Given the conceptual complexity involved and the recurring fragmented approach found in pedagogical practices, it is essential to adopt strategies that favor meaningful learning for students. In this sense, the proposal of Potentially Significant Teaching Units (UEPS) developed by Marco Antônio Moreira offers a reference for the organization of teaching, centered on promoting meaningful learning for the student. The UEPS is structured to consider students' prior knowledge, logically organized content sequenced, and activities that encourage interaction, problematization, and contextualization. By adopting this proposal as a basis, this paper presents the development and application of an educational board game, conceived as a teaching resource, with the objective of engaging students in a playful process of knowledge construction, promoting the articulation between physical concepts and their manifestations in everyday life. Throughout this paper, the theoretical basis that supports the proposal will be presented, with an emphasis on David Ausubel's theory of meaningful learning and the practical application of the UEPS. Next, the process of designing the game, its application in a school environment, and the results obtained through qualitative analysis of student interactions and the learning evidenced will be detailed. In the São Paulo State Curriculum, the theme of this work is expected to be addressed in both Elementary and High School, the latter being the scope of this work. The proposed Educational Product activities were planned by articulating several pedagogical resources, some already provided for in the São Paulo State Curriculum and others constructed in this work, such as the board game, with the implementation and results observed in the proposed activities. The project's results explored concepts of energy and its transformations, providing an interactive and dynamic environment for students. The research was carried out in a public school, using a qualitative and quantitative methodology, through questionnaires, classroom observations and analysis of academic performance. The results indicate an increase in student engagement, greater interest in the subject and a significant improvement in the understanding of the content covered. In addition, the game facilitated the contextualization of concepts, allowing students to relate learning to everyday situations. Thus, it is concluded that the use of educational games is another tool that can be effective and make the teaching of Physics more attractive and accessible, promoting learning that can become meaningful.
Repertório ocupacional infantil: opressões, resistências e as marcas da desigualdade social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-26)
Elias, Carina Sousa
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Della Barba, Patrícia Carla de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6448489426438006
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7893-8133
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0070734946202776
Occupations structure daily life, give meaning to life, and shape the trajectory of individuals and groups, playing a fundamental role in the dynamics of social, economic, and political processes. Considering the impact of social inequality on childhood and occupational opportunities, this study investigated how socioeconomic condition influences the construction of children's occupational repertoires, mapping occupational opportunities in contexts of greater and lesser socioeconomic privilege based on children's reports, and understanding caregivers' perceptions of how the context shapes children's experiences. The exploratory research with a quantitative and qualitative approach involved 35 families from São Caetano do Sul/SP and Santo André/SP. Semi-structured interviews and Checklist Intersetorial de Detecção de Risco ao Desenvolvimento Infantil (CIDRDI) were applied to caregivers, and the Paediatric Activity Card Sort (PACS) to children aged 5 to 14. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics from CIDRDI, inferential statistics from PACS, and Thematic Analysis of the interviews. The results of the PACS did not indicate significant differences in the occupational profile between the groups, and most children presented "low risk" for development in CIDRDI. However, the thematic analysis of the interviews revealed five crucial themes that permeate the plurality of childhoods of the study and cross children's occupations: (01) public policies for childhood; (02) areas of urban occupation as a possibility of access to housing; (03) the Bolsa Família Program: between subsistence and subjugation in the capitalist plot; (04) the nuances of the presence of organized crime as part of childhood spaces; (05) between barriers and possibilities: intersectionality in children's occupational dynamics; and culminating with Buen Vivir as a new meaning for childhoods and human occupations. Finally, it is worth highlighting that the theoretical production and interpretations woven in this research based on the life narratives of the participants had the purpose of understanding to what extent occupational opportunities are present in such plural childhoods. The study reaffirms that aspects such as food deprivation, precarious housing, difficulties in accessing public policies, violence by criminal organizations, State omission, and other factors linked to intersectionality that result in oppression and exclusion, more directly affect people in situations of social vulnerability, denying autonomy in their choices and occupational opportunities and perpetuating occupational apartheid. And that Buen Vivir emerges as a viable alternative for children to have significant opportunities to build their occupational repertoire.
Cosmologia militar e intervencionismo político: Amazônia, projeção política e expressão midiática do Exército Brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-26)
Souza, Guilherme Alessandro Lemos da Silva Moreira de
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Leirner, Piero de Camargo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3883880276055777
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6485-027X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0966270221350506
This thesis deals with the phenomenon of military interventionism, with attention to the process by which Armed Forces officers express themselves through the press. Throughout this work, I highlight the political action of the Armed Forces, particularly the Army and its representations in relation to the Amazon, with a special focus on the military trajectory of General Augusto Heleno Ribeiro Pereira. His approach to the press and his positions on the demarcation of the Raposa Serra do Sol Indigenous Land between 2007 and 2008 allow us to see the intertwining of personal dispositions with the collective and historical determinations of a military cosmology. To address these elements, I seek to address the main interpretations about the political participation of the military in the history of Brazil, observing how this protagonism unfolds in the relationship of the Army with the Amazon, and how from this relationship space opened up for new forms of interventionism, especially through the clashes between generals and other social forces in the context of the demarcation of the Raposa Serra do Sol Indigenous Land. Finally, I discuss how the historical politicization and media presence of the military, as well as the militarized discourse about the Amazon and the country as a whole, converged in the actions of the Armed Forces during the government of Jair Bolsonaro (2019-2022).
“Ser homem é respeitar para ser respeitado”: os sentidos da guerra, respeito e masculinidades entre jovens em cumprimento de medidas socioeducativas em meio aberto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-26)
Oliveira, João Victor Borri de
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Motta, Luana Dias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1042165629261102
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9758-7471
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1683157673923991
The studies that have linked masculinities and criminality for a long time adopted an approach centered on violence. This dissertation discusses the masculinities of young men who were serving open-environment socio-educational measures at an institution called “Associação Caminhos Abertos” interior of São Paulo. However, the connection between crime and masculinities in this context does not occur through the path of violence. Furthermore, the academic agenda to which I contribute has not seen much continuity within Sociology. As a result, there are few studies that consider crime in relation to sexuality and gender approaches and, consequently, masculinities. Thus, this dissertation presents itself as a contribution to fill that gap. My argument in this text is that these young men live in a constant war in pursuit of respect. The term “war” appears here as an analytical category that gives meaning to the wide variety of everyday conflicts these young people experience while seeking respect. In this way, the pursuit of respect becomes one of the lenses through which we can interpret their daily lives. This respect, as I demonstrate in the first chapter, has both material and symbolic dimensions, which are always interconnected. The material aspect involves what is tangible and present in everyday life, such as brand-name clothing, sneakers, luxury items, or accessories. The symbolic aspect refers to the social and emotional meanings associated with these elements. The value of something, therefore, lies not only in the object itself but in what it communicates or represents. These dimensions are always connected: in the experience of these young men, material objects carry symbolic meanings, and symbolic aspects are often anchored in material elements. In the second chapter, I argue that the world of crime (or the “vida loka”) constitutes one of the possible arenas for earning respect. Crime appears not only as a means of generating income but also as a source of belonging. This dynamic intensifies when we understand involvement in crime as a form of child labor or a way of making a living. Finally, in the third chapter, I show that crime and its code of conduct—o proceder—operate as a normative regime that spreads into other spaces. This allows us to observe the logic of the pursuit of respect across various other arenas of these young men’s social lives.
Preservação excepcional de insetos fósseis da Formação Crato (Cretáceo Inicial, Brasil) por meio de técnicas paleométricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-26)
Belatto, Sabrina Larissa
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Pacheco, Mírian Liza Alves Forancelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3481327026891705
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Osés, Gabriel Ladeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1967051500729086
Fossils from the Crato Formation are part of a Konservat-Lagerstätten deposit and are central to debates on the paleobiological and geochemical processes governing fossilization. The Crato Formation (Aptian, Araripe Basin, NE Brazil) represents one of these exceptional deposits, with three-dimensional preservation of insects in laminated limestones, alternating between beige and grey limestone. This study investigated the chemical and mineralogical composition of insect fossils from grey limestone (GL) through a paleometric approach—Raman spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and ultrathin lamella preparation by Focused Ion Beam – Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (FIB-STEM). Results reveal the recurrent presence of framboidal pyrite in the fossil cuticle, whereas internal compartments are enriched in iron sulfates, mainly jarosites. The zoned distribution of these minerals is interpreted as diagenetic microenvironments with spatial variation in pH and redox conditions: pyrite precipitated in buffered peripheral zones, while more acidic internal regions favored jarosite formation. These patterns complement the previous taphonomic model, which limited pyritization to beige limestones, and demonstrate that different mineralizing regimes can coexist in GL. We propose a new taphonomic model for Crato Formation insects, in which internal geochemical compartmentalization and microbial activity define mineral preservation gradients at micro- to nanoscale.
A influência da abordagem de ensinar do professor no uso da apostila Open Doors em um curso livre de inglês da prefeitura de Guarulhos: uma análise à luz da Operação Global de Ensino de Línguas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27)
Martins, Daniel Fagundes
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Barbirato, Rita de Cassia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962819573963727
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5896-9787
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9825601527348305
This doctoral thesis aims to investigate, in light of the Global Operation of Language Teaching (OGEL), how the Teacher’s Teaching Approach influences the use of the Open Doors textbook in a municipal public English course offered by the city of Guarulhos. The language project, targeted at residents aged 13 and older, uses didactic materials developed by the teachers themselves. The study is grounded in the theoretical principles of the OGEL framework, with a specific focus on the Teacher’s Teaching Approach (Almeida Filho, 1997; 2002[1993], 2023) and the constructs of activity, exercise, pre-communicative task, and communicative task, as defined by Barbirato (1999; 2005). This is a qualitative study with ethnographic and documentary orientation, involving three tenured teachers from the municipal school system, all of whom hold degrees in Language Studies with certification in English. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, classroom observations and recordings, and analysis of the materials used. The relevance of this study lies in analyzing how teachers exercise autonomy in adapting and resignifying the Open Doors textbook to respond to the educational demands of the local public context. By investigating this dynamic, the research highlights teaching practices that go beyond the prescribed use of the material, revealing processes of resignification, tensions, and coherence between the teaching approach and the didactic material. The findings provide insights into how the field of ideas (teaching approach) influences the field of materialities (classroom procedures), as theorized in the OGEL model. The study thus contributes to the development of more contextualized and communicative pedagogical practices in language teaching, reinforcing the importance of teacher autonomy in public education.
Avaliação do ciclo de vida de estruturas de solos reforçados com geossintéticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27)
Araújo Júnior, Luiz Paulo Vieira de
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Bueno, Cristiane
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2049901634471620
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3955-6589
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9896669593008767
Geosynthetics are versatile materials with great potential for use in civil construction, offering advantages such as ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and environmental benefits. However, despite their many qualities, most research on geosynthetics focuses on technical feasibility analysis or experimental studies. Although the number of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies in Civil Engineering is growing, there are still gaps regarding geosynthetics, particularly soils reinforced with these materials. Studies on the subject are generally limited to the manufacturing and construction stages, ignoring a complete life cycle analysis. This limited scope, by definition, ignores long-term environmental impacts, a practice that often stems from the difficulty in obtaining data on other stages and uncertainty about the final destination of the materials. This gap is exacerbated by the concentration of studies in European and North American countries, disregarding the particularities of the South American context. This approach results in a decontextualized LCA, creating a distorted view of actual environmental performance and underestimating efficient regional solutions, perpetuating a reliance on metrics that do not fully address the local context. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze, using LCA methodology and material circularity analysis, geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures and compare them with a traditional structure, considering the particularities of the South American context. The methodology included an environmental analysis through a complete LCA of the structures, evaluating the potential impacts of three structures: two geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures with geogrid and woven geotextile; and another traditional concrete gravity structure, all analyzed using the ReCiPe method. Additionally, material circularity was assessed using the Material Circularity Indicator (MCI) for the main constituents of the three structures. Finally, scenarios involving the addition of recycled materials to replace virgin materials and the planting of vegetation on the face of the structure were analyzed. The results showed that geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures had a lower environmental impact compared to concrete structures, with a reduction of at least 80% in most categories analyzed. It was also observed that the process with the greatest potential impact was the execution process, followed by the fabrication process for all three structures analyzed. The circularity analysis, in turn, indicated that, as recycled materials were added, both structures increased the MCI indicator, with gains of up to 250% for geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures and 300% for the traditional structure. Therefore, it was concluded that the LCA and circularity analysis methodologies were effective in qualitatively and quantitatively assessing the potential impacts of the structures, demonstrating that geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures can be considered environmentally more sustainable when compared to a traditional concrete structure
A importância da brincadeira no desenvolvimento infantil: uma análise à luz da BNCC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27)
Castro, Daniela Gomes de
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Sirino, Marcio Bernardino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7948350545918651
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5874-6225
This study aims to analyze the importance of play in early childhood development in light of the guidelines established by the Brazilian National Common Curricular Base (BNCC). It is based on the understanding that play is an essential activity for knowledge construction, the development of socio-emotional skills, and the child’s holistic formation. The research is qualitative in nature, with an exploratory and descriptive approach, and is primarily grounded in a literature review of authors who discuss playfulness and child development, such as Vygotsky, Piaget, and Kishimoto. The study reflects on different types of play and how the intentional planning of playful situations by educators can enhance meaningful learning. The results reinforce the BNCC’s guidance that play should be valued as a core element of pedagogical practice, contributing to children is cognitive, emotional, motor, and social development.
Fogo nas matas ripárias do Cerrado: comparação da avifauna entre áreas queimadas ou não
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27)
Pessini, Liliane Gomes Freitas
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Campagnoli, Mariana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3362063541391455
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2784-871X
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Christianini, Alexander Vicente
Throughout Earth's evolutionary history, fire has been a natural force shaping terrestrial ecosystems. In the Cerrado, it regulates open vegetation and prevents woody encroachment, acting as a key element in the dynamics of savanna landscapes. However, humans have been altering fire regimes, intensifying wildfires and affecting sensitive ecosystems such as riparian forests. These forests play an essential role in landscape stability, serving as refuges for various species and acting as natural fire breaks. In this study I compared the vegetation and avifauna between burned and unburned riparian forests in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Burned forests showed increased tree mortality and reduced canopy cover, with more light and invasion of highly flammable exotic grasses. Regarding bird communities, burned forests showed more forest-independent species and less insectivores than unburned forests, likely reflecting changes in environmental conditions and resource availability. These results suggest the vulnerability of at least part of the vegetation and bird fauna of riparian forests to human-induced fires and highlight the need for effective management strategies. Recognizing fire as a key ecological process and adopting fire management practices, we can contribute to Cerrado conservation, ensuring its resilience amid growing environmental threats.
IL-10 na competência oocitária após a refrigeração de ovários e de complexos cumulus-oócitos de majoritariamente Bos taurus indicus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27)
Oliveira, Gil Neves Pinto de
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Sudano, Mateus José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1945811068525845
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7699-4449
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4055035543932066
The use of ovaries from slaughterhouses is a common practice for research involving early animal development. However, the transportation time and handling of these ovaries prior to culture can negatively affect oocyte competence. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine with regulatory potential in the embryonic environment and blastocyst development. This study aimed to evaluate whether IL-10 promotes oocyte competence after refrigeration of ovaries or cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) at 4°C. The effect of IL-10 was evaluated in COCs from ovaries refrigerated at 4°C or maintained at 30°C during transport to the laboratory and refrigerated at 4°C for 3 h prior to in vitro maturation (IVM). Nuclear maturation was assessed by monitoring the rate of first polar body extrusion and cumulus cell expansion. DNA fragmentation of oocytes and cumulus cells (CCs) were also investigated by the TUNEL technique, and cytoplasmic maturation was assessed by evaluating the distribution of cortical granules. For statistical analysis, the data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's test. A significance level of 5% was adopted. No effect (P>0.05) of IL-10 and refrigeration on the expansion and DNA fragmentation of CCs was identified. However, the polar body extrusion rate of the control group of refrigerated ovaries (23.3±3.0%) was lower (P<0.05) than the other groups (41.3±6.3, 48.0±3.1, and 39.6±4.4%, respectively for control treatments at 30 °C, IL-10 at 30 °C, and refrigerated IL-10). In the groups at 30 °C with IL-10, in both experiments, lower percentages of fragmented DNA were obtained in the oocytes (8.3%: 2/24 and 20.7%: 6/29). Furthermore, the oocytes from the groups refrigerated with the addition of IL-10, both for prevention and reversal purposes, presented a percentage of apoptosis (32.1%: 9/28 and 31.3%: 10/32) very similar to the control group at 30 °C (32.0%: 8/25). It is concluded that IL-10 was effective in rescuing the nuclear maturation of oocytes when subjected to refrigeration, however, without noticeable effects on cumulus cells and cytoplasmic granules.
O papel da neurotransmissão alfa-2 adrenérgica do córtex cingulado anterior na modulação da ansiedade e da nocicepção na empatia para a dor crônica em camundongos machos e fêmeas.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27)
Souza, Raphael Christhian Brandão de
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Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0828-7670
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4046353984805469
Empathy, defined as the ability to observe and infer the emotional and mental states of others, has been the subject of numerous research studies, and this phenomenon can also be observed in rodents. Studies indicate that cohabitation with a cagemate experiencing chronic pain induces hypernociception and an increase in anxiety-like behaviors, and that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) modulates empathy, anxiety, and nociception. Therefore, considering the high density of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the ACC and their role in modulating anxiety and pain, this study investigated the involvement of alpha-2 adrenergic neurotransmission within the ACC in modulating nociception and anxiety in the empathy for chronic pain model. Thus, male and female Swiss-albino mice were housed in quartets during a 28-day cohabitation protocol. On the 14th day, one of the animals in the quartet was selected to be the chronic pain demonstrator (CNC) or Sham demonstrator. On day 24, the observer mice (Ob-CNC and Ob-Sham) underwent CCA stereotaxis. On days 26, 27, and 28, a partition was introduced into the housing cage for 15 minutes to induce habituation and enable the abdominal writhing test in Ob-CNC and Ob-Sham mice. On day 28, Ob-CNC and Ob-Sham animals received bilateral intra-CCA injections of saline/clonidine 8 μg/0.1 μL (alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist), yohimbine 0.05 μg/0.1 μL (alpha-2 adrenergic receptor antagonist)/saline, yohimbine 0.05 μg/clonidine 8 μg, saline/saline, and were then subjected to the elevated plus maze for 5 minutes. Next, they received an injection of 0.6% acetic acid (10 ml/kg, intraperitoneal) for evaluation of abdominal contortions over 5 minutes. CNC and Sham mice were evaluated in the hot plate test on day 28. Our results showed that cohabitation in quartets with a chronic pain demonstrator induces hypernociception and increased anxiety-like responses in male and female mice. Clonidine (8 μg) reduced hypernociception and decreased anxiety-like behaviors, whereas pre-treatment with yohimbine (0.05 μg) reversed clonidine-induced antinociception without altering anxiety-like behaviors in the observer mice. Hence, alpha-2 adrenergic neurotransmission in the ACC plays a distinct role in modulating nociception and anxiety induced by empathy for chronic pain model in both male and female mice.
Histórias invisibilizadas na terapia ocupacional: contribuições das mulheres negras na construção da profissão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27)
Souza, Roberta dos Santos
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Borba, Patrícia Leme de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4193205735379897
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9654-8593
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9772979907382270
The research aimed to seek out, identify, and write about the life stories and contributions of self-identified Black Brazilian occupational therapists who graduated between 1958 and 2000. The investigative process included the analysis of historical documents, the review of articles and publications aligned with ethnic-racial themes, the conduction of interviews, among other sources that enabled the construction of a broad overview of the history of the Black Movement, Black women in science, and their participation in Occupational Therapy. Following multiple paths to identify the collaborators, nine escrevivências (lived and narrated experiences) of Black occupational therapists were gathered: Maria Bernardete da Silva Roque de Faria, Dalila Ribeiro Alves Vilella, Eliana Maria de Moraes, Marta Soares, Haydée Monteiro, Vanilza Rodrigues dos Santos, Márcia Cabral Costa, Rita de Cássia Barcellos Bittencourt, and Gilma Corrêa Coutinho. The contributions of Black occupational therapists to the construction and development of Occupational Therapy in Brazil are marked by pioneering efforts, ethical-political commitment, dedication, and the production of knowledge across various areas of practice, both professional and academic. Were pioneers in the expansion and implementation of Occupational Therapy courses in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo; in the creation of the Atelier Gaia (RJ); and in their work as consultants and project coordinators in collaboration with major Brazilian companies, expanding the professional scope of the field. In the realm of research and theoretical production, their highlights include participation in the Grupo de Estudos Profundos de Terapia Ocupacional (GEs.TO), with deep engagement in the theories of Rui Chamone and related publications. In teaching, they have led research lines such as AAAfroNTO and LAB Isè, helping to consolidate Black and intersectional epistemologies within Occupational Therapy. Their work also contributed to the consolidation and expansion of physical rehabilitation in Espírito Santo; to community-based practices focused on quilombola communities and the fight against racial inequalities, including participation in hetero-identification committees as mechanisms for ensuring affirmative action policies. Within Brazil’s Unified Health System (SUS), they have stood out in the field of mental health, working in substitute services and community- and territory-based care systems, with practices aimed at empowering individuals, ensuring rights, and strengthening the protagonism of socially vulnerable groups. The recognition of these escrevivências is essential for advancing a Brazilian Occupational Therapy that is critical, plural, anti-racist, and committed to social transformation
Isolamento e caracterização de novos limonoides em Trichilia pallida (Meliaceae) guiado por LC-MS/MS: Uma contribuição à quimiossistemática do gênero
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27)
Moraes, Carlos André Ferreira
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Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7081-817X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2574358034018138
The Meliaceae family is widely recognized both for the quality of its wood and for the biosynthesis of tetranortriterpenes (limonoids), secondary metabolites that exhibit various biological activities, including insecticidal, bactericidal, antifungal, and anticancer properties. Several genera within this family have been studied due to the bioactive potential of their compounds, with particular emphasis on Melia L., Toona (Endl.) M. Roem., Azadirachta A. Juss., and Trichilia P. Browne. This last genus has been the subject of phytochemical studies that have demonstrated the presence of the three main classes of limonoids—intact-ring, seco-ring, and rearranged limonoids. However, to date, the occurrence of rearranged limonoids has only been reported in Trichilia species native to Asia. In this study, a methodology was developed based on the monitoring of diagnostic ions detected in fragmentation spectra (MS/MS) to identify potential limonoids and guide the selection of extracts and fractions of Trichilia pallida for the isolation of these metabolites. All extracts and fractions were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with a high-resolution mass spectrometer (HRMS). The MS/MS spectra that contained diagnostic ions were used to direct the collection of fractions via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), monitoring absorbance at 215 nm. The methodology employed enabled the isolation and structural characterization, through one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, of eleven limonoids and two norlimonoids. Among the isolated limonoids, six belong to the C-seco group, one to the A,B-seco group, one has an intact ring, and three underwent structural rearrangement involving the C and D rings. The two norlimonoids (pentanortriterpenes) exhibited the loss of the carbon at position C-12 and modifications in the furan ring, resembling the azadirachtin class. The results obtained in this study suggest that Brazilian Trichilia species exhibit a wide structural diversity of limonoids. The isolation and characterization of previously unreported limonoids for this genus highlight that a more targeted LC-MS/MS approach can reveal the structural richness of these metabolites in Trichilia species native to Brazil.
A felicidade das pessoas idosas pode ser modificada pela disponibilidade de apoio social?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27)
Zuccolotti, Laura Soares
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Grazziano, Pedro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5162831230887857
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4303-7308
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Inouye, Keika
Common biopsychosocial changes and losses associated with aging can directly impact the mental health of older adults. In this context, social support acts as an important protective resource for perceptions of satisfaction, well-being, and happiness. Thus, this study aimed to verify whether there is a relationship between social support and happiness in older adults from the community treated at Family Health Units in the city of São Carlos. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study based on the quantitative research method. Data were collected using the following instruments: Participant Sociodemographic Characterization Form, Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Social Support Scale, and Subjective Happiness Scale. Descriptive and correlational analyses were performed. All ethical precepts regulating research with human beings were respected. The sample consisted of 95 elderly individuals, with a mean age of 69.80 years (SD = 6.90), 3.19 years of schooling (SD = 2.92) and individual and family incomes below 1.3 and 2.6 minimum wages, respectively. The participants were predominantly female (54.7%, n = 52), married (92.6%, n = 88), mixed race (49.5%, n = 47), Catholic (51.6%, n = 49), practicing a religion (74.7%, n = 71), retired (77.9%, n = 74) and with a perception of insufficient income (57.9%, n = 55). The elderly individuals had, on average, 13.05 close people (SD = 26.49). The average total score for social support was 81.35 points (SD=17.17) and the happiness score was 4.86 points (SD=1.05). The majority had intermediate happiness scores (61.1%, n=58). The results showed that there is a relationship between social support and happiness (p<0.05). Thus, it can be concluded that elderly people with greater availability of social support, a greater number of close friends and close people are happier.
Os afetos (sentimentos) podem ser influenciados pela disponibilidade de apoio social em pessoas idosas da comunidade?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27)
Silva, Livia Mazzulli Moreira da
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Grazziano, Pedro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5162831230887857
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4303-7308
;
Inouye, Keika
Social support plays a fundamental role in maintaining mental health, directly influencing the psychological and emotional well-being of elderly people. In terms of feelings and emotions, social support directly influences the quality of emotions experienced. Thus, this research aimed to verify whether there is a relationship between social support and feelings in elderly people in the community. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study, based on the quantitative research method. The sample consisted of elderly people registered in five Family Health Units in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo, living in areas of high social vulnerability. The instruments used for data collection were: Participant Sociodemographic Characterization Form, Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Social Support Scale and Portuguese Scale of Positive and Negative Affects Short Form. The data obtained were entered into a database in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows program to perform descriptive and correlational statistical analyses. The sample consisted of elderly individuals with a mean age of 69.80 years (SD = 6.90), 3.19 years of schooling (SD = 2.92), and individual and family incomes of less than 1.3 and 2.6 minimum wages, respectively. Participants were predominantly female (54.7%, n = 52), married (92.6%, n = 88), brown (49.5%, n = 47), Catholic (51.6%, n = 49), practicing a religion (74.7%, n = 71), retired (77.9%, n = 74), and with a perception of insufficient income (57.9%, n = 55). The mean total social support score was 81.35 points (SD=17.17) and the mean positive and negative affect scores were 13.58 points (SD=4.37) and 9.20 points (SD=4.09), respectively. Among the results, we highlight the directly proportional correlations between the total social support scores and the positive affect (rho=0.396, p=0.000) and the specific “inspired” affect (rho=0.306, p=0.003). It is concluded that elderly people with a better perception of the availability of social support have more positive affects (feelings).
Técnicas de quantificação de incerteza em redes neurais para densidades condicionais por meio de modelos de misturas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27)
Silva Santos, Vagner
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Izbicki, Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9991192137633896
The uncertainty in statistical learning models is divided into two main types: aleatoric uncertainty, related to the intrinsic variability of the data, and epistemic uncertainty, caused by incomplete knowledge about the data-generating process, often associated with data scarcity. Conditional density estimation allows for good quantification of aleatoric uncertainty. However, quantifying epistemic uncertainty traditionally requires Bayesian methods, which, although theoretically well-founded, entail high computational costs in high dimensions. Our interest in this problem arose from the scarcity of works addressing epistemic uncertainty and the search for computationally efficient and scalable alternatives. Our contribution focuses on using neural networks with dropout in mixture models, demonstrating that this approach: approximates Bayesian inference via Monte Carlo dropout, incorporating epistemic uncertainty; significantly reduces computational costs compared to Bayesian neural networks; and naturally integrates with Conformal Prediction regions to produce predictive intervals with theoretical coverage guarantees.
Estudo geoarqueológico preliminar de depósitos Sedimentares em terraços fluviais na confluência dos Rios Tietê e Piracicaba: contribuição à prospecção de ocupação humana no período Paleoíndio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27)
Dias, Karolina Cardozo
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Pinheiro, Marcos Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7973209883430782
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0864-2441
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Fernandes, Erminio
Los estudios sobre la Prehistoria, cuyos materiales arqueológicos suelen tener una antigüedad de miles de años, destacan la importancia de la reconstrucción de los paleoambientes para interpretar los contextos de deposición de los registros arqueológicos. Por lo tanto, la interfaz entre la Arqueología y las Geociencias, especialmente la Geomorfología, es importante para los estudios centrados en el período Cuaternario. Teniendo en cuenta la importancia de las geociencias para comprender el entorno natural de las antiguas ocupaciones humanas, esta investigación se centra en los terrazos fluviales, características geomorfológicas estratégicas para investigar paisajes del pasado. Sin embargo, la dinámica geomorfológica de estas características puede plantear preguntas sobre el origen de los materiales arqueológicos encontrados allí. El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar la distribución y la composición de los sitios arqueológicos en las riberas – terrazas fluviales – de un tramo de los ríos Tietê y Piracicaba, dos de los principales ríos del estado de São Paulo, estableciendo relaciones entre los sitios y las características geomorfológicas del área estudiada. Para ello, se realizaron análisis granulométricos y morfoscópicos, además de un mapeo geomorfológico detallado, con el fin de comprender las interacciones existentes entre las características fluviales y los sitios arqueológicos. A partir de los resultados, se concluyó que existe una estrecha relación entre la distribución de los sitios, asociados a las características geomorfológicas, y sus características. En resumen, los resultados reforzaron los patrones conocidos sobre la ubicación de los sitios en áreas topográficamente elevadas, destacaron la influencia de las características geomorfológicas y revelaron distintos procesos de deposición, ampliando el conocimiento de la dinámica geomorfológica y geoarqueológica en las riberas de los ríos Tietê y Piracicaba a lo largo del Cuaternario.