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Diversidade genética de "rove beetles" Neotropicais da RPPN Alta da Figueira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Ciamponi, Guilherme Eduardo; Lessinger, Ana Claudia; Zyla, Dagmara; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6761666110975209
The Atlantic Forest is a biome of critical importance due to the richness of its biological diversity, underlining its high priority for the conservation of both known and yet-undescribed species. Conservation strategies for this biome include the establishment and maintenance of protected areas. One such initiative is the Alto da Figueira Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN), which seeks to foster scientific research on its biological diversity, generating valuable data to inform conservation programs. The characterization of fauna belonging to the family Staphylinidae (order: Coleoptera), through combined morphological and molecular analyses, provides insights into the ecological integrity and conservation status of the reserve. A major challenge in studying this group is the difficulty of accurately identifying or confirming the taxonomic status of specimens. This is mainly due to the underrepresentation of nucleotide sequences from Neotropical taxa in databases, the lack of suitable taxonomic keys for species-level identification for these fauna and limited ecological knowledge of the group. In this study, 27 nucleotide sequences corresponding to the barcode region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI marker) were generated from specimens that had been morphologically identified to the genus level. The main objectives were to: 1) assess the utility of the COI marker in supporting taxonomic identification; 2) evaluate its effectiveness for inferring phylogenetic relationships within the group; 3) increase the representation of Staphylinidae sequences in public repositories (BoLD and GenBank) and 4) associate the diversity of this fauna with the state of environmental preservation of the reserve. The identified taxa indicate that the conservation unit corresponds to a well-preserved forest in an advanced successional stage. Phylogenetic trees derived from the analyses of COI nucleotide sequences showed low resolution (despite high genetic variability). Similar results were obtained for a more conservative approach based on amino acid sequence comparisons. These findings emphasize the need to expand sampling efforts of this diverse beetle group to produce a more representative scenario of the biodiversity from the Atlantic Forest based on a more comprehensive and informative dataset that integrates morphological and molecular information.
Emprego da Ressonância Magnética Nuclear no domínio do tempo para estudo de matrizes vegetais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Matos, Rafael Moraes; Venâncio, Tiago; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4438399441102990; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8553691243594260; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5411-792X
Time-Domain Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (TD-NMR) is a non-destructive and non-invasive analytical technique, well-established in several industrial and scientific sectors. This work presents a literature review on the application of TD-NMR for the analysis of plant matrices and plant-based products, addressing its instrumental evolution, the fundamental concepts of the technique, contemporary instrumentation, the pulse sequences employed, and its main applications. Different magnet formats were explored, such as parallel plates, Halbach cylinders, and portable MOUSE-type scanners, which allow for analyses ranging from laboratory routine to in-process measurements. Pulse sequences, such as Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) and Inversion-Recovery (IR), are discussed as tools for measuring 𝑇2 and 𝑇1 relaxation times, which correlate with the macroscopic properties of the samples. The review details the application of TD-NMR in the analysis of oils and fats to determine oil content, solid fat content (SFC), detect adulterations, and monitor oxidative stability. In the study of fruits, the technique is employed to assess the degree of maturation, detect adulterations in juices, and quantify the crystallinity of sugars. Finally, the application of the technique in the analysis of wood is explored to characterize the different water compartments and evaluate the effectiveness of thermal and chemical modification treatments. TD-NMR establishes itself as a fast, robust, and sustainable tool for quality control in the most diverse sectors, especially the agro-industry, providing simple and powerful solutions.
Investigando implementação de mecânicas do gênero RTS em jogos digitais em realidade virtual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Lima, Martim Fernandes Ribeiro; Lucrédio, Daniel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9090396559596221; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1360-4036
Virtual reality video games allow for a wide exploration of new implementations of user interactions; however, there isn't much variety with the types of genres and experiences the medium has shown so far: most games have adapted the same types of genres and experiences of traditional "flat" video games. This dissertation aims to propose a few new implementation solutions for a central mechanic of a traditional video game genre that is seldom adapted to VR (Virtual Reality), the RTS (Real Time Strategy); and then test them through user evaluations to determine their quality and effectiveness. With that various characteristics of various basic RTS game mechanic implementations of unit selection and movement were determined and a prototype of those mechanics implemented under the Godot game engine was produced and made available.
Transformações microestruturais de silicatos em condições termodinâmicas extremas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Pinho, Lucas Max Estrela; Rodrigues, Ariano De Giovanni; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4881530489438346; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0294-6775; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3266713567946807; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9140-4312
This study investigated the structural transformations of two silicate systems: lead metasilicate (PbSiO3 - PS) and lithium metasilicate (LiSiO3 - LS), under extreme thermodynamic conditions, with emphasis on the influence of high pressures and temperatures. Lead silicates stand out for their broad ability to form glasses and glass-ceramics with varied compositions, enabling applications ranging from domestic uses to advanced technologies. In these materials, crystallization control, through nucleation, growth, and phase stabilization, is essential for achieving specific properties. In this context, PbSiO3 emerges as an ideal model system, with distinct Raman signatures and a structure accessible via X-ray diffraction, allowing a precise assessment of the thermodynamic variables involved in the crystallization of glasses via heterogeneous nucleation. In situ analyses under high pressure were performed on three PS phases: one stable (monoclinic) and two metastable (hexagonal and low symmetry). The combination of Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction revealed a high structural sensitivity to hydrostatic compression, with indications of phase transitions starting at approximately 5 GPa and marked changes above 14 GPa. Properties such as compressibility, fundamentals for describing crystal evolution, were also determined. Additionally, lithium metasilicate (LiSiO3), a precursor for glass-ceramics, was studied using Raman spectroscopy as a function of temperature and time. Crystallization was found to be inducible both by thermal increase and by prolonged treatments at intermediate temperatures (around 500°C), highlighting the importance of kinetics in microstructural control. Progressive crystallization was evidenced by transformations in spectral bands, indicating nucleation and growth even below the critical temperature. The data obtained contributed to the understanding of the mechanisms of nucleation, growth, and structural reorganization in silicates, demonstrating that pressure, temperature, and time are key variables in inducing and controlling glass-to-crystal transitions. The results reinforce the importance of in situ and multidisciplinary experimental approaches for the development of glass-ceramic materials with tunable properties.
Comparação de métodos para identificação de defeitos em placas de circuito impresso usando redes neurais convolucionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Horiquini, Robson Cazuo; Barcellos, Robson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9844506370403162; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6009-4825; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0310277840219693; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1862-9970
This paper presents a comparative analysis between the YOLOv11 and Detectron2 deep learning models for identifying and classifying defects in printed circuit boards (PCBs). The research addresses the growing demand for Automated Optical Inspection (AOI) systems that are more efficient than traditional methods based on predefined rules, which have limitations in the face of the variability of production processes and the emergence of new types of defects. The study uses computer vision techniques based on convolutional neural networks to detect and classify common defects in PCBs, including short circuits, track interruptions, missing holes, and excess copper. The methodology employed involved training both models using a specific dataset of PCB images with annotated defects, followed by comparative evaluation through performance metrics such as mAP50 and mAP50-95. The results demonstrate that YOLOv11 achieved superior performance with mAP50 of 0.98 and mAP50-95 of 0.57, compared to Detectron2's values of 0.92 and 0.41, respectively. In terms of convergence, YOLOv11 presented a gradual and consistent learning process over 100 epochs with early stopping, while Detectron2 demonstrated faster and more stable convergence, stabilizing in approximately 2000 iterations. Detectron2 stood out for its greater predictability and stability in the training process, advantageous characteristics for industrial applications that require reproducibility. The conclusions indicate that both architectures are technically feasible for the proposed application, with the choice depending on specific factors such as available computational resources, real-time requirements, and integration needs with existing systems. The work contributes to the electronic manufacturing industry by providing data-based support for decision-making on the implementation of defect detection technologies in production lines, aiming at improving quality, reducing operational costs and increasing productivity.
Modelagem numérica de fundações por estacas Mega em solos colapsíveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Dias, Fabrício Jerônimo Gonzalez; Souza, Tiago de Jesus; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3445673192218333; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0127-337X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4124098567819927; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5460-8168; Tsuha, Cristina de Hollanda Cavalcanti; Baroni, Magnos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3752182345800587; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4977419778481897; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7543-9083; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1026-3467
Mega pile foundations are widely used in underpinning works for structures affected by settlement problems. When installed in collapsible soils—whose behavior is strongly influenced by soil moisture—these piles may experience significant losses in load-bearing capacity under saturation conditions. The assessment of load capacity under different moisture states, traditionally performed through static load tests, is technically advisable but entails high costs and long timeframes, which may restrict the understanding of foundation behavior and result in either overly conservative or oversized solutions. In this context, numerical modeling emerges as a promising tool for the early prediction of Mega pile performance in collapsible soils. This study aimed to analyze the behavior of this type of foundation in collapsible soil through two-dimensional numerical modeling carried out using PLAXIS 2D. Experimental data obtained from static load tests on piles under natural moisture and flooded soil conditions were employed. Numerical simulations were conducted with two distinct constitutive models: Mohr-Coulomb and Hardening Soil. The results indicated that, for triaxial laboratory tests under saturated conditions, the Hardening Soil model achieved better convergence with the experimental results, whereas for pile load tests, the Mohr-Coulomb model showed greater agreement. As a complement to the numerical analyses, the semi-empirical methods proposed by Aoki (1989) and Randolph & Wroth (1978) were evaluated. The investigation identified matric suction as the main variable responsible for the differences in strength between natural and saturated states. The methodology adopted for predicting the performance of Mega piles in collapsible soils, although subject to certain limitations, proves to be a relevant tool for the enhancement of geotechnical design in highly complex contexts.
Rediscutindo os grupos funcionais alimentares em macroinvertebrados de riachos de Mata Atlântica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Venuso, Laura Joia; Mello, José Leonardo da Silva; Saito, Victor Satoru; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3312862423985585
Functional Feeding Groups are used to describe the ecological role of aquatic macroinvertebrates in lotic ecosystems, associating them with feeding acquisition strategies and types of consumed resources. This classification, although relevant and extremely important for understanding aquatic trophic relationships, presents certain limitations by assuming fixed diets for these organisms. This study aimed to revisit the applicability of FFGs as dietary predictors, based on stomach content analysis of 17 taxa collected from streams in Parque Estadual Intervales. Additionally, the relationship between individual biomass increase and consumption of animal tissue was evaluated as a possible indicator of trophic changes associated with growth. The results revealed a wide diversity in dietary contents among groups, including the presence of animal tissue even among taxa traditionally considered non-predatory, such as filtering-collectors and shredders. Furthermore, a general positive trend was identified between increased biomass and carnivory, although statistically significant only for four taxa — two predators and two filtering-collectors. This pattern suggests that body growth may broaden the dietary spectrum of certain organisms, influencing their trophic position. In other words, the trophic position of an individual is not necessarily static and may vary over time in response to ontogenetic and contextual factors. These findings contribute to refining the FFG concept, highlighting the importance of interpreting them as generalized functional strategies rather than rigid descriptors of dietary niche.
Fertilização do solo com fosfato e biofertilizante líquido para o desenvolvimento inicial de plantas de milho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Zanichelli, Laura; Mariano, Eduardo Dal Ava; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0465944663357275
The predominance of Oxisols with low labile phosphorus (P) content in Brazil compromises crop development, requiring the intensive use of imported and expensive mineral fertilizers. This study evaluated the potential of a national biofertilizer to release non-labile P into the soil through the interaction of microorganisms with the soil, aiming to reduce phosphate fertilization, its costs, and its environmental impacts. A 35-day greenhouse experiment was conducted with corn (Zea mays) grown in pots containing 2 kg of soil and five P rates (0, 115, 153, 306, and 410 mg/kg), with or without biofertilizer addition, in a completely randomized design (CRD). The P rates significantly influenced plant growth, resulting in greater height and dry biomass, highlighting the fundamental role of P in vegetative development. The biofertilizer, in turn, had a positive effect on stomatal conductance (GSW) and apparent transpiration rate (E apparent), suggesting stimulation of plant metabolism and water balance. Although the interaction between P and biofertilizer was generally not significant, there is evidence that microorganisms may contribute to tolerance to stresses, such as heat stress, encountered during the experiment. These results reinforce the agronomic potential of the complementary use of biofertilizers in sustainable P management.
Potencial imunoterapêutico da proteína SmCyp do Schistosoma mansoni via polarização de macrófagos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Bonfante, Isadora; Castro, Cynthia Aparecida de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4608878460951651; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2675-8069; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9820677063029348
The study of host-parasite interactions, such as those between Schistosoma mansoni and humans, is fundamental for the development of immunotherapies aimed at alleviating the severity of chronic infections associated with obesity, such as type 2 diabetes, or for stimulating the immune system in autoimmune diseases and cancer, as well as for the search for new vaccines. One of the immune system evasion mechanisms characteristic of S. mansoni infection is the shift of the immune response from Th1 (inflammatory) to Th2 (anti-inflammatory). Linked to this, there is a change in the macrophage activation profile, from classically activated (M1), linked to the inflammatory profile, to alternatively activated (M2), which contributes to attenuating the inflammatory response. This regulatory profile is being explored to identify promising molecules for the development of therapies that reduce chronic inflammation, in addition to contributing to the understanding of the mechanisms of action of vaccines against schistosomiasis. In this study, we evaluated the immunomodulatory potential of the recombinant protein SmCyp on macrophage polarization. This protein is a member of the cyclophilin family, known for its interaction with the immune system and regulatory function. To this end, we standardized the polarization of macrophages from the murine macrophage cell line J774A.1 for M1 and M2 phenotypes, with morphological analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and confirmation by the quantitative determination of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Subsequently, assays were conducted with the recombinant protein SmCyp at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 μg/mL and incubated for 24 and 48 hours to evaluate its modulatory potential in macrophages. Its influence on cell viability was investigated using the MTT and neutral red assays, as well as indirect nitric oxide (NO) production and the profile of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers, through the dosage of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10, using the ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) technique. The results indicated that SmCyp, at the concentrations tested, did not alter cell viability, either at 24 hours or at 48 hours. At 24 hours, an increase in TNF-α was observed, with values close to the M1 profile, but without stimulating the release of IL-6 or NO, suggesting a possible immunomodulatory potential. Based on the results obtained, SmCyp, at the concentrations and time points evaluated, showed moderate immune modulation potential, inducing TNF-α production within 24 hours, but without significant impact on nitric oxide production or the cytokines IL-6 and IL-10. These findings are crucial for deepening our understanding of the complex interactions between parasite and host, as well as the possible role of SmCyp in the immune response.
Impacto da qualidade da matéria-prima no processo de refino de óleos vegetais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Valle, Gabrielle Alves do; Araújo, Júlia Carvalho; Silva, Thaís Jordânia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4582114700719319
The vegetable oil industry in Brazil began to develop in the 1950s, driven by the growth of agricultural production. Over time, technological advances improved oil quality, making it popular in food consumption and establishing the sector as an essential part of the national food industry. This study aims to investigate the impact of raw material quality on the refining process of vegetable oils, with an emphasis on a case study involving canola oil refining. Initially, a bibliographic review was conducted, covering the historical overview of the sector, production and consumption statistics, main raw materials (soybean, canola, corn, and sunflower), the chemical composition of crude oils, and the stages of extraction processes (mechanical pressing and solvent extraction) and refining (chemical and physical). The influence of parameters such as acidity, moisture, the presence of metallic impurities and phosphatides, as well as the peroxide index, on refining efficiency and yield was highlighted. The challenges of balancing the removal of undesirable components (free fatty acids, pigments, gums, and metals) with the preservation of nutritional compounds (tocopherols, phytosterols, and carotenoids) during the deodorization and bleaching stages were also discussed. The case study was conducted in a refinery, comparing two production campaigns. It was observed that higher-quality raw material resulted in lower consumption of inputs, elimination of reprocessing, higher yield, and increased operational efficiency. The results reinforce the importance of strict quality control of raw materials, from reception to storage, as a decisive factor for the final product quality and the sustainability of the industrial process. Keywords: Process efficiency, crude oil, quality, canola oil.
Efeito de fertilizantes organominerais no controle de Meloidogyne javanica e na promoção de crescimento em mudas de café (Coffea arabica)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Gonçalves, Maria Júlia Gouvêa; Schinor, Evandro Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2162760988837984
Root-knot nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne, particularly M. javanica, are among the main phytopathogens affecting coffee seedlings (Coffea arabica L.), compromising early plant development and crop productivity. Given the limitations of synthetic nematicides and the need for more sustainable practices, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different formulations of organomineral fertilizers and bio-inputs on the control of M. javanica and on the growth promotion of coffee seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at UFSCar – Araras campus, in a completely randomized design with seven treatments and seven replications. The treatments consisted of organomineral fertilizer (FOM) applied alone or combined with castor cake or castor oil, fungal and bacterial bionematicides, Profix, and an inoculated control. The evaluated variables were plant height, biomass (fresh and dry shoot weight, root weight), relative chlorophyll content (FALKER), and nematode population in soil and roots. Statistical analyses were performed using the Sisvar software, through ANOVA and the Scott-Knott test at a 5% significance level. Although the treatments did not promote statistically significant reductions in nematode populations, numerical decreases were observed in some cases, particularly with FOM + castor cake and the bacterial bionematicide. The variables related to plant growth showed better results in treatments with FOM alone, FOM + castor cake, and Profix, demonstrating the potential of these inputs to promote growth even under biotic stress. The results suggest that organomineral fertilizers and plant-based residues are promising alternatives for the sustainable management of coffee seedlings and can be integrated into root-knot nematode management programs.
Elaboração de programa de enriquecimento ambiental para catetos (Dicotyles tajacu) e queixadas (Tayassu pecari) do Criadouro Comercial Fazenda Trijunção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Salmazo, Julia Rodrigues; Rocha, Vlamir José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8044368595391973; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6583311102053369
Animal welfare is a growing concern among professionals and institutions that keep wild animals. Tools such as environmental enrichment are important in this search for welfare, in addition to assisting in other aspects that directly or indirectly affect the conservation of species, such as reproduction. Captive breeding is an important strategy to promote conservation and prevent the populational decline of a species. Among the native species with the greatest productive potential in captivity are the collared peccary (Dicotyles tajacu) and the white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari). The Fazenda Trijunção Commercial Breeding Center has a large number of collared and white-lipped peccaries in its collection, and one of its priorities is their welfare. This study aimed to apply and evaluate environmental enrichment activities to support the development of an environmental enrichment program for collared and white-lipped peccaries at the Fazenda Trijunção Commercial Breeding Center. Six activities of three stimulus categories (physical, feeding and sensorial) were applied, which were analyzed by recording, evaluating and comparing the behaviors displayed before and during the application. For the behavioral analysis, observation was performed by using the scan method with instantaneous recording at three-minute intervals, for four hours in the pre-enrichment period and four hours in the enrichment period, for both species and for each sex. The relative frequency of display of each behavioral category was calculated, focusing on the “EA” behavior, which reflects the interaction of the animals with the enrichments. The behavioral data were statistically evaluated with generalized linear models (GLM). Although no statistical differences were identified in the interactions with each enrichment (p > 0.05), an increase in the general activity of the individuals and a reduction in inactivity were observed. A tendency of the animals to interact more with feeding enrichments was also identified. Based on these informations, a solid environmental enrichment program was structured, with planning sheets, schedule and evaluation of the activities. The program developed represents a step forward in promoting the welfare of this institution's animals and could serve as a replicable model for others.
A importância da expressão artística para a criação de vínculo com adolescentes: uma experiência em um serviço de liberdade assistida e prestação de serviço à comunidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Santos, Julia Franco Donato dos; Malfitano, Ana Paula Serrata; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1462870858750395; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0502-3194; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9425928522812551
Art has always been present since the dawn of civilization, manifesting in different ways, such as music, dance, painting, sculpture, literature and cinema. Artistic expression can even be considered one of the first referees of human existence. Even in unequal conditions, young people have engaged in a wide array of artistic productions, demonstrating its potential as a means of expression, violence prevention, income generation, and influence on public policies. In this context, this study analyzed the "Tuning into Transformation" project, developed by the Centro de Orientação ao Adolescente de Campinas (COMEC), a Brazilian Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that supports young people from Campinas, São Paulo in conflict with the law. The project is formed by young people that aims to communicate their narratives, disseminate information and foster discussions on various topics through youth-centered languages. The objective was to describe how the project functions and understand the young people's view about the artistic expression’s impacts in their life, based on their experience at the NGO. Methods: The research involved participative observations during five project’s activities and six interviews with young people and four with the staff. The observations were registered in a field diary, and the interviews were transcript. The data was discussed by content analyses. Practice Implications: The results indicate artistic expression can be used as a means to ensure social rights, fostering a sense of belonging, autonomy, and new opportunities for social participation. Occupational therapists have abilities to work in a communitarian and territorial approach, enhancing the bonding between them and adding to the space with resources that facilitate young people's social participation and emancipation. Conclusion: By participating in the project, these young people found a safe space to discuss and joint reflection and were able to set new goals for themselves. The study highlights the importance of artistic expression with young people in conflict with the law, as a strategy to amplify their body of knowledge and individuals and collective connections.
Estudo de luz espalhada em moléculas fotônicas baseadas em três cavidades acopladas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Costa, André Camilo Terra; Barea, Luis Alberto Mijam; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7929868663210908
In recent years, research on optical sensors based on integrated microcavities has advanced significantly, offering solutions for various technological demands, but most of them rely on spectral scanning, which requires complex experimental setups. This work proposes the study and design of a compact Photonic Molecule (PM) capable of exhibiting a consistent spectral response for the generation of scattered light when pumped at wavelengths coinciding with the resonances of its constituent cavities. Through simulations, it was demonstrated that the distribution of scattered light among the cavities varies characteristically with the pump wavelength, enabling the identification of the pump position relative to the resonances without the need for spectral scanning, by analyzing the spatial intensity patterns. This result may enable new sensing approaches based on scattered light for portable applications, without requiring complex experimental setups.
Hardy and Bergman spaces with applications
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Carvalho, Leonardo; Hoepfner, Gustavo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7742503790793940; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4639-7539; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0587197257297056; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2035-3763
The present work addresses issues of duality and approximation in Bergman spaces, based on recent results by Chakrabarti, Edholm, and McNeal (2019), and includes a complementary study on Hardy spaces in the unit disk. Three central problems are explored: the characterization of the dual space, the approximation by well-behaved holomorphic functions, and the construction of the closest analytic functions in L^p. The study focuses on bounded domains in \C^n with special emphasis on Reinhardt domains, particularly the generalized Hartogs triangles where sub-Bergman projections arise, extending the classical theory.
Estudo de avanço e atraso de luz em chip integrado utilizando moléculas fotônicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Fujiwara, Pedro Luís Yendo; Barea, Luis Alberto Mijam; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7929868663210908
Integrated photonics enables miniaturization and efficiency in the optical processing of information on chips. To enhance the fast and slow light effects without increasing the area occupied by the components, this work proposes the use of photonic molecules (PMs), composed of microcavities in the form of rings internally coupled to an outer ring. We investigate a PM with an outer ring of 20 μm and an inner ring of 5 μm, fabricated on silicon-on-insulator (SOI), analyzing its spectrum and its impact on the light advance and delay times. Numerical simulations based on data extracted from a fabricated PM demonstrate that the proposed structure can achieve group delays of up to 120 ps (slow light) and advances on the order of 70 ps (fast light), values compatible with applications such as optical buffers, phase modulation, and dispersion compensation. Comparisons with larger devices reported in the literature reinforce that PMs offer excellent spectral efficiency and significant area reduction, optimizing the performance of integrated photonic circuits. Additionally, after studying the coupling coefficients t₁ and t₂, it was possible to optimize these effects further, reaching delays of up to 143.60 ps and advances of up to 100.19 ps.
Estruturação de política municipal de práticas integrativas e complementares no SUS: uma pesquisa-ação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Torres, Liliane Maria Gomes; Gatto Junior, José Renato; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6781082065837104; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0067-6487; Sousa, Leandra Andréia de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7156410096583566; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7147-935X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4352765292471119; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8272-3968; Tesser, Charles Dalcanale; Tavares, Larissa Riani Costa; Sousa, Leandra Andréia de; Gatto Junior, José Renato; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0146180240654049; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0673238916097153; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7156410096583566; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6781082065837104; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0650-8289; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2474-435X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7147-935X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0067-6487
The World Health Organization defines Traditional, Complementary, and Integrative Medicine (TCIM) as health care approaches based on theories, beliefs, and experiences originating from different cultures, used for health promotion, prevention, and recovery, considering the human being as a whole. These practices are present in nearly every country and show continuous and growing demand. In Brazil, therapeutic plurality within the Unified Health System (SUS) has been practiced since the 1980s, even before the establishment of the National Policy on Integrative and Complementary Practices (PNPIC), and has been positively evaluated by both health professionals and users. However, the lack of institutionalization of these approaches within the SUS still poses barriers that render their provision fragile and unstable, also hindering their monitoring and evaluation. This dissertation responds to the needs of a Working Group on Integrative and Complementary Practices (PIC WG) and aims to collectively develop a proposal for a Municipal Policy on Integrative and Complementary Practices (PMPIC) within the SUS by key actors involved in offering PIC. It also seeks to analyze the demands, challenges, and potentialities of this collective elaboration process. The study was conducted in six municipalities within DRS III, in the state of São Paulo, using Action Research as the main methodological framework. This is an exploratory, qualitative study developed through Action Research (DICK, 2023). The research strategies included document analysis of the PIC WG from 2023 and eight workshops held between March and September 2024, with 18 participants. Data were analyzed through the confirmation and disconfirmation process typical of action research, using a dialectical approach. The results revealed a collectively developed proposal for a Municipal Policy on Integrative and Complementary Practices in the SUS, along with the main demands, challenges, and potentialities of the elaboration process. Among the key demands were: strategies for implementing PICs and the Municipal Policy; dissemination of information about PICs and the policy itself; need for reports, indicators, and financial resources; access and care flow organization; and the creation of collective discussion spaces and SUS mechanisms such as the Municipal Health Council and the Inter-Managerial Commission. Challenges included cultural resistance to overcoming deeply rooted prejudices, the presence and support of health management, difficulties in scheduling for the definition of PMPIC guidelines, and the need to strengthen social control. The main potential identified was Permanent Health Education (PHE), as a cross-cutting, structuring, mobilizing, and transformative axis throughout the process. The research highlighted the political value of collective construction by producing a legitimate technical document sensitive to local realities and capable of triggering local actions for the institutionalization of PICs. The findings demonstrate that ethical and formative engagement of the actors can transform the SUS through integrated, horizontal, and culturally rooted practices. The institutionalization of the PMPIC through action research has the potential to strengthen the bond between health services, communities, universities, and management, aiming to build therapeutic projects that respect the cultural, social, and emotional singularities of individuals in their territories, while also challenging existing care models and understandings of health.
Efeito de indutores abióticos no volatiloma de Penicillium citrinum coletado em solo de manguezal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Oliveira, Mateus Rodrigues de; Rodrigues Filho, Edson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4305-0326; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2444887869198802; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7450-1447; Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da; Cantanhede Filho, Antonio José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2920215807337108; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7081-817X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2009-2817
Microorganisms play an essential role in the dynamics of ecosystems, including through the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) molecules of low molecular weight, low water solubility, and high vapor pressure, often associated with distinct odors. These compounds function as chemical mediators between microorganisms and the environment. Among the main producers of VOCs are filamentous fungi, such as those of the Penicillium genus, found in diverse habitats like soils, decomposing organic matter, and humid environments. The VOCs synthesized by these organisms comprise a broad spectrum of molecules belonging to different chemical classes, such as alcohols, fatty acids, aldehydes, terpenes, and aromatic compounds. The production of these metabolites can be modulated by changes in environmental conditions or culture medium. Among the abiotic factors that directly affect microbial metabolism, metal ions and light intensity are prominent. Redox-active metals, such as Fe, Mn, and Co, act as cofactors in enzymes of biosynthetic pathways. Light, especially UV-A radiation, influences processes such as germination, growth, and fungal sporulation, triggering significant metabolic alterations. In this context, the present study aimed to investigate, through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), molecular networking tools, and statistical analyses, the alterations in the volatilome of the fungus Penicillium citrinum, isolated from mangrove soil in Maranhão, under stress induced by high concentrations of Mn²⁺ and Co²⁺ ions, as well as by different intensities of UV-A radiation. The cultures were grown in 2 L round-bottom flasks using a liquid medium composed of glucose, yeast extract, mineral salts, and FeSO₄·4H₂O. For the solid medium, hydrated parboiled rice was used. Sterilization was performed by autoclaving (15 min at 120°C and 1 atm). Metal induction consisted of replacing Fe²⁺ with 19.8 g/L of MnCl₂·4H₂O and 2.38 g/L of CoCl₂·6H₂O in the liquid medium, and by adding 7.13 g/L of MnCl₂·4H₂O and 0.86 g/L of CoCl₂·6H₂O to the solid medium. The UV-A experiment was conducted only in liquid medium under two regimes: a 12/12 h photoperiod and continuous exposure. All cultures had a duration of 14 days. The extraction of VOCs was performed by hydrodistillation with diethyl ether, using a modified Clevenger apparatus under reflux for 2 hours. After extraction, the hydrosol was discarded, and the organic fraction containing the volatile compounds was collected for analysis. The results showed that the abiotic stresses induced significant alterations in the metabolic pathways of the P. citrinum strain, with emphasis on enzymes such as lipoxygenases, sesquiterpene synthases, and O-methyltransferases. There were significant changes in the production of several volatile metabolites.
Caracterização agronômica e físico-química de pimentas jalapeño (Capsicum annuum)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-18) Aguilera, Giuliana Barbosa; Sala, Fernando César; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6771975466075202
This study aimed to characterize Jalapeño pepper (Capsicum annuum) genotypes through agronomic and physicochemical analyses, in order to select promising materials for genetic breeding programs. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the UFSCar Araras campus, using 36 genotypes in a replicated experimental design. Traits such as number and weight of fruits, plant height, fruit biometric data, dry matter content, pungency, and other qualitative parameters were evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed using the Scott-Knott method at 5% significance. The results showed wide variability among genotypes. Genotypes 23PMN10527, 10525, and 10505 stood out in terms of productivity, while genotype 10532 showed the highest dry matter accumulation and solid content. It is concluded that some genotypes have high agronomic and industrial potential, being suitable for different market niches and contributing to the development of Jalapeño pepper production in Brazil.