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Trajetória acadêmica e experiências de uma estudante de medicina na UFSCar: vivência de uma estudante tímida experienciando a metodologia ativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Jesus, Beatriz de
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Rocha, Sheyla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4784568943530426
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1926-4439
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9071262589010813
This paper is an experience report on the academic trajectory in the Medicine course at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), which began in 2020. The training started under the challenging context of the COVID-19 pandemic, requiring initial adaptation to Non-Presential Teaching (ENPE). The UFSCar curricular structure utilizes the constructivist spiral methodology, which prioritizes the construction of knowledge, critical thinking, and skills development based on problem situations. The course is organized into annual learning units: Problem Situation (SP), Simulation Station (ES), Professional Practice (PP), and Complementary Curricular Activity (ACC). The journey was marked by challenges related to distance learning, the assimilation of the new active methodology, and the overcoming of shyness required by constant participation in group discussions. The report details the transition to in-person teaching during the clinical cycle, which intensified practical learning in Basic Health Units (UBS) and simulations, culminating in the Residency (Internato), a period of extensive contact with practice and the consolidation of technical and humanistic training. The paper concludes that the trajectory, despite the pandemic and personal obstacles, promoted the evolution of communication skills and the formation of a more reflective and empathetic professional.
Desenvolvimento de compósitos flexíveis de PVDF/BaTiO₃ para aplicações eletromecânicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Silva, Eliezer Costa
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Ruiz, Yurimiler Leyet
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8018824878841214
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5774-5391
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Luz, Ana Paula da
The use of renewable energy sources contributes to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating the impacts of climate change. In this context, flexible composites based on poly(vinylidene fluoride)/barium titanate (PVDF/BaTiO3) have gained prominence in electromechanical applications, such as sensors and actuators, due to their combination of flexibility with favorable dielectric and piezoelectric properties. The efficiency of these composites depends directly on the structural, morphological, and dielectric characteristics of the BaTiO3 particles used as functional fillers. This work investigated the solid-state synthesis of BaTiO3 with sonochemical activation, evaluating different combinations of lowcost, lead-free, and environmentally friendly barium and titanium precursors. The combinations included BaCO3, Ba(NO3)2, C4H6BaO4, paired with C12H28O4Ti or TiO2, with pH used as an additional synthesis parameter. The results indicated that the combination of C4H6BaO4 and TiO2 favored the formation of the desired tetragonal phase. Sonochemical activation enhanced precursor reactivity, allowing a reduction in synthesis time and temperature to approximately 900°C. A pH variation between 2 and 12 significantly influenced the formation of the tetragonal phase, with pH 6 yielding optimal results, producing powders with 92.92% tetragonal phase, high purity, and a dielectric constant of approximately 1200. This material was used to fabricate flexible PVDF/BaTiO3 composites with different filler contents (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% by weight). The composites showed increased β-phase content in PVDF, enhanced crystallinity, and dielectric properties. A 2.5 wt.% BaTiO3 amount increased tensile strength by 9%, while 10 wt.% raised the dielectric constant by approximately 36%. These findings highlight the importance of precise control over composition and synthesis parameters for developing scalable, lead-free composites with potential for electromechanical applications.
De coortes à graduação: o vírus que permeia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Sawan, Michel Morais Marques
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Monti, José Fernando Casquel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1641654071358324
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0131-7926
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7096371270940324
This conclusion course work synthesizes the pedagogical and academic journey undertaken throughout the medical degree, using the core experience in scientific initiation as a guiding axis for reflections on medical training. The immersion in the "UnCoVER-Brazil" project, which involved the meticulous review of 2379 medical records of COVID-19 patients and the correlation of clinical data with viral variants and sociodemographic elements, transcended the technical sphere of research. It served as a microcosm of medical practice, exposing the student to the complexity of human suffering, the unpredictability of clinical evolution, and the operational reality of a reference hospital during a health crisis. From this immersion, fundamental lessons emerged regarding the importance of patient autonomy, communication in situations of extreme gravity, and the resilience of health teams. The analysis of medical records, more than a collection of epidemiological data, was an exercise in interpreting life stories, solidifying the understanding of medical history as a central tool and the responsibility inherent to the act of medicine. It is concluded that the training was a continuous process of maturation, which equipped the graduate not only with technical and scientific knowledge but also with a humanistic, ethical, and empathetic perspective, essential for the future exercise of the profession. The academic trajectory was thus consolidated at the intersection between rigorous scientific investigation and the development of the clinical and human competencies necessary for a comprehensive and effective medical practice.
Artéria subclávia direita aberrante: relato de caso e revisão de literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Felippe, Thais Keltke Santos
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Nasser, Michel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1629054550833348
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3087-9784
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6364182028804383
The aberrant right subclavian artery, also known as the arteria lusoria, is the most common aortic arch anomaly, occurring in 0.5 to 1% of the population. There is a higher prevalence in women and it is usually associated with other anatomical variations, such as the non-recurrent laryngeal nerve, present in 86.7% of cases. In the majority of cases, the aberrant right subclavian artery causes no symptoms. We describe this anomaly in an 82-year-old, hypertensive, and asymptomatic patient who had undergone a thoracoabdominal angiography to investigate a chronic DeBakey type III aortic dissection with dilation of the descending aorta. The aberrant right subclavian artery followed a retroesophageal course and was associated with a Kommerell diverticulum. In view of its rarity, we conducted an integrative bibliographic review of literature from the last 6 years indexed on the Medline, UpToDate, Lilacs, Scielo, and Portal Capes databases and discuss the most frequent anatomical changes, symptomatology, and therapeutic management adopted.
Por uma educação matemática antirracista: uma proposta de confluências entre educação matemática, afrofuturismo e Teoria Crítica da Raça
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Avelar, Petrina Rúbria Nogueira
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Caldeira, Ademir Donizeti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8185048034258055
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0290-9851
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0673222781608613
This thesis emerges from the unease of a teacher-researcher with more than 25 years of tea-ching experience regarding what could be called Antiracist Mathematics Education. Its objec-tive was to construct a proposal for Antiracist Mathematics Education grounded in elements of Afrofuturism and Critical Race Theory (CRT) present in Brazilian academic dissertations and theses. Afrofuturism has its roots in aesthetics and the arts, while CRT originates in the legal field. Within this scope, the challenge was to mobilize these theories in dialogue with the legal and epistemological framework of the Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations (ERER) and its curricular guidelines. This exploratory and qualitative research employed Systematic Litera-ture Review and Integrative Review as methodological procedures. The corpus consisted of dissertations and theses selected from the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD) and the CAPES Catalog of Theses and Dissertations, in addition to one international article that associates Afrofuturism with Mathematics Education. After refinement, twelve disserta-tions, four theses, and one article were analyzed, later inserted into Atlas®.ti software for co-ding and examination of the connections between emerging elements. From the analysis, four categories emerged: (C1) Race as a technology of domination – highlights, from the perspec-tive of CRT, how the idea of race sustains systems of exclusion, even under discourses of neu-trality; (C2) The myth of school neutrality and curricular disputes – problematizes the false neutrality of Mathematics Education and reveals its political character; (C3) Sankofa and education as a strategy of reexistence and future project – emphasizes Black ancestry as the foundation of a critical, insurgent, and utopian education; and (C4) Sustainable and emancipatory technological futures – points to the need for a transdisciplinary, creative, and innovative Mathematics Education, in dialogue with growing digitalization, environmental preservation, and the planning of desirable futures. The analyzed data revealed significant silences: the scarce problematization of whiteness; the persistent absence of a critical dialogue with concepts such as algorithmic racism, digital technologies, artificial intelligence, internet, social media, science fiction, and climate crises in Mathematics Education within the antiracist context; and the urgent need to project possible and sustainable Black futures. At the same time, advances were identified: the valorization of African ancestry, the use of games such as Mancala, and the incorporation of Ethnomathematics and Critical Mathematics Education as strategies of resistance. It was thus concluded that Antiracist Mathematics Education must break with the institutionalized silence on race and racism, incorporate Black voices into kno-wledge production, problematize the privileges of whiteness, and foster critical formation for all students. Anchored in the premises of Afrofuturism, the proposal reaffirms the centrality of the environment as a living and sacred body and envisions futures in which Black subjects are protagonists of their own history within a highly technological, ethical, and sustainable soci-ety. Nevertheless, this investigation constitutes only an initial reflection, open to criticism and improvement. Much like Afrofuturism itself—characterized by its ability for reinvention and metamorphosis with an eye toward the future—it is hoped that Mathematics Education rese-archers may gather in quilombo-like collectives, and through other, more robust and transfor-mative studies, contribute to strengthening the struggle for Antiracist Mathematics Education.
Origem e diferenciação do sistema ZZ/ZW de cromossomos sexuais: análises comparativas entre espécies de répteis e aves
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Setti, Príncia Grejo
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Cioffi, Marcelo de Bello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0242034365085727
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4340-1464
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4636124789854528
Sex chromosomes are highly dynamic structures in vertebrates, showing distinct evolutionary trajectories across lineages. This dissertation investigated the origin and differentiation of the ZZ/ZW system in Palaeognathae birds and Colubridae snakes, focusing on the characterization of satellite DNAs and other repetitive elements. An integrative approach combining classical cytogenetics, in situ hybridization (FISH, CGH), and low-coverage genomic analyses was applied. In birds, sex chromosomes ranged from homomorphic in ratites to highly heteromorphic in Tinamiformes, indicating different stages of differentiation. In Ptyas snakes, W chromosomes showed little morphological divergence from Z, but were enriched in heterochromatin and repetitive sequences, suggesting that heterochromatinization may precede visible heteromorphy. The results demonstrate that sex chromosome evolution does not follow a single pattern but is shaped by multiple historical and ecological factors. This work contributes to the understanding of the evolutionary diversity of ZW systems and highlights the relevance of comparative studies integrating cytogenetics, genomics, and evolutionary biology.
Compósitos fúngicos: desenvolvimento de biomateriais a partir de resíduos agroindustriais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Bozzo, Breno Rampinelli
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Rodrigues Filho, Edson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4305-0326
The increase in the generation of agro-industrial residues and by-products, as well as their negative environmental impacts, has driven the search for sustainable alternatives across different sectors, promoting circular economy principles and sustainability-oriented practices. In this context, fungal composites emerge as highly relevant materials, as they are produced through the direct growth of fungi on lignocellulosic residues without requiring extensive pre-treatments, transforming these wastes into high value-added materials that can be reintegrated into the productive chain. This study aims to conduct a bibliographic review on the by-products, fungal species, and methodologies employed in the production of these materials, as well as their physicochemical properties and the potential applications that can be derived from them. The analyzed species — Pleurotus ostreatus, Ganoderma lucidum, and Trametes versicolor — belong to the group of white-rot fungi due to their high capacity to completely degrade lignocellulosic substrates, with the focus directed toward residues generated by Brazilian agricultural production.
A palavra de Deus. Uma etnografia entre os Taurepáng adventistas na fronteira Brasil-Venezuela
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Monticelli, Caio
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Andrello, Geraldo Luciano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5447074379881029
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7818-5445
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3195580330549304
The thesis investigates how the Taurepáng of the Bananal village, an indigenous people located in the north of the state of Roraima, practices the Seventh-day Adventist religion, with the argumentative focus on the way in which the “word of God” is creatively appropriated in this local experience of indigenous Christianity. The first chapter presents the historical context of the arrival of Adventist missionaries in the Mount Roraima region. The second describes the liturgical structure of the services in Bananal, marked by the linguistic alternation between the language of the hymns and the language of the sermons. The third analyzes the ontology of language in the services, showing how the divine word is retained in the body and transforms the person. The fourth compares the role of the traditional Taurepáng shaman with that of the preachers, highlighting cosmological continuities between both performances. The fifth outlines what it means to be a Taurepáng Christian, focusing on broad forms of bodily restraint, peaceful conduct, and tithe offerings. The sixth discusses the violent action of the kanaimé as a counterpoint to the Christian ideal of peace. The seventh addresses the relationship between illness and sin, reflecting on baptism as a rite of passage into the “narrow path of salvation.” Thus, the central argument of the thesis is that Taurepáng Adventism constitutes an active translation by its practitioners, who articulate the Christian message with their own cosmology, emphasizing the relationship between word, body, and the destiny of the soul.
Efeitos de um gradiente térmico sobre comunidades de macroinvertebrados em riachos geotermais tropicais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Siqueira, Alexandre Sampaio de
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Saito, Victor Satoru
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3312862423985585
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6112-7249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5683489798219016
The warming causes multifaceted impacts on aquatic biodiversity, especially in tropical ecosystems. We investigated the responses of macroinvertebrate communities in tropical geothermal streams to natural temperature increases, focusing on compositional, trophic, and evolutionary components to understand the effect of thermal variation. In the first chapter, we analyzed the stability of size spectra and biomass distribution, as well as changes in the trophic levels of several species. Despite increased metabolic demands, biomass and body size structure were maintained, demonstrating trophic plasticity by species that adjust their feeding habits by consuming at lower trophic levels where biomass is more abundant. This trophic flexibility acted as a compensatory mechanism to meet the higher energy demands imposed by warming and was identified as a key factor for ecosystem resistance and functional maintenance under warming. In the second chapter, we explored taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity patterns of macroinvertebrate assemblages, assessing the effects of the thermal gradient on the phylogenetic structure of communities. Using relatedness metrics such as the Net Relatedness Index (NRI) and Nearest Taxon Index (NTI), we identified sensitive patterns of phylogenetic clustering related to thermal variation, resulting from niche conservatism. This clustering in a few streams suggests environmental filtering selecting lineages adapted to high temperatures, which restricts taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity in certain locations. However, along the thermal gradient, no systematic changes in alpha and beta diversity were detected, indicating that multiple environmental factors beyond temperature influence community assembly. These results highlight the complexity of ecological and evolutionary processes shaping biodiversity in tropical environments exposed to climate change, contributing to an integrated understanding of aquatic community resistance and vulnerability to environmental stress. Therefore, this study reinforces the complexity of warming effects on macroinvertebrate communities, evidencing nonlinear patterns and multifaceted responses. Although temperature increases impose high metabolic demands, community responses do not translate into linear declines in biomass or diversity, but rather into behavioral and structural adjustments such as trophic plasticity and shifts in trophic levels to compensate for energetic variations. Moreover, the thermal impact acts as a selective environmental filter, shaping the phylogenetic structure of assemblages and promoting uneven clustering that reflects local ecological heterogeneity and the spatiotemporal variability of habitats. These findings emphasize that aquatic communities respond to warming in a complex and nonlinear manner, resulting in responses that challenge simplistic predictions and point to the need for integrative approaches to understand and conserve biodiversity under climate change.
Aprendizado autossupervisionado contrastivo orientado pela estrutura geométrica do espaço latente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Shimura, Bruno Anthony
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Bugatti, Pedro Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2177467029991118
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2616108326649244
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Bueno, Renato
Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm in computer vision, enabling models to learn meaningful feature representations directly from unlabeled data. Among SSL approaches, contrastive learning has gained particular prominence for its ability to induce discriminative embeddings by pulling together positive pairs and pushing apart negatives. However, random sampling of such pairs often disregards the underlying geometric structure of the latent space, leading to suboptimal representation quality and inconsistent class separation. To address this limitation, this work introduces Distance-Guided Contrastive Learning (DGCL), a self-supervised approach that systematically selects informative sample pairs based on their geometric configuration in the latent manifold. For each anchor sample, DGCL identifies the farthest intra-class examples (hard positives) and the nearest inter-class examples (hard negatives) through t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) projections. By iteratively refining these relationships across training cycles, the method progressively enhances intra-class compactness and inter-class separability. Experiments conducted on the CIFAR-10, FER-13, KDEF, and RAF-DB datasets demonstrate substantial improvements over conventional models trained without contrastive learning. The results reveal that DGCL yields geometrically consistent latent representations, characterized by reduced intra-class variance and well-structured semantic clusters.
O sofrimento humano e a graça divina: reflexões sobre minha experiência na faculdade de medicina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Silva, Nicole Sanches Olímpio da
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Adler, Maristela Schiabel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3896827914383636
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0222-9856
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3929913764069367
This work presents a critical and reflective analysis of the journey undertaken during medical school, with emphasis on the processes of personal development and the experiences of spirituality encountered throughout this period. By using artistic and literary resources as interpretative tools, the aim is to revisit these experiences from a current perspective, in order to understand how they contributed to shaping the author's academic path and the formation of her medical identity.
Podpapo de pesquisador: criando, implementando e avaliando um podcast de divulgação científica em Química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11)
Silva Neto, Antonio Rodrigues da
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Lupetti, Karina Omuro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5198051111079064
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0808-0677
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RESEARCHER'S CHAT: CREATING, IMPLEMENTING, AND EVALUATING A SCIENCE COMMUNICATION PODCAST ABOUT CHEMISTRY. Science communication plays a fundamental role in universities and society mediation, especially in the context of misinformation and disconnect between scientific production and the general public. Communicating science requires more than just transmitting data; it demands dialogue, empathy, and the recognition of the public as an active participant in the communicative process. The advancement of digital technologies and the consolidation of social networks, such as Instagram, TikTok, YouTube, and streaming platforms like Spotify, have transformed how knowledge is shared and consumed. In this scenario, the podcast stands out as a strategic tool for science communication, due to its accessible language and potential to reach different audiences. The objective of this project is to develop, implement, and evaluate the podcast "Researcher's Chat," with the aim of promoting the dissemination of scientific knowledge in the field of Chemistry. In the first stage, a survey of national scientific podcast production was conducted, based on a mixed-methods approach and data collected from Spotify, websites, and digital libraries. In the second stage, interviews were conducted with producers of science communication podcasts, analyzed according to the content analysis methodology proposed by Bardin (2011). The third stage comprised the production and analysis of the podcast PodPapo de Pesquisador, focused on science communication in Chemistry, using Spotify metrics—such as reach, retention, age range, and geographic location of the audience—in addition to monitoring the social networks Instagram and TikTok. The overall picture showed an expanding ecosystem of scientific podcasts, highlighting productions such as Scicast, Fronteiras da Ciência, Oxigênio, Chutando a Escada, and Dragões de Garagem. However, the underrepresentation of women in production teams was observed, reflecting structural imbalances still present in this field. The interviews indicated that the personal and educational trajectories of the producers significantly influence how they understand and practice science communication. The absence of multidisciplinary teams, the overload of functions, and the lack of technical training were identified as obstacles to the quality and sustainability of the projects. It was also noted that characterizing the audience is difficult, as it is still largely concentrated in profiles close to the academic environment. In the specific case of Chemistry, it was found that episodes that integrated personal narratives, life stories, and scientific content showed greater retention and engagement, while those focused only on the technical aspect obtained lower performance. Clarity in decoding information and a balance between rigor and accessibility proved fundamental to communicative success. Dissemination strategies on social media were essential to broaden reach and understand audience engagement patterns. It is concluded that, by combining language, narrative, and technique, the podcast consolidates itself as an effective means to transform scientific dissemination into effective social practice, strengthening the relationship between the knowledge produced and the public that benefits from it.
Produção científica brasileira sobre suicídio: um estudo nas bases de dados Scopus e OpenAlex
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-02)
Zanin, Alda de Cássia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4300995461915893
Diversidade espectral e sazonalidade no mapeamento de tipologias florestais tropicais usando Sentinel-2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-03)
Soares, Bianca Jacobe Martins
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Haneda, Léo Eiti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3096651501379867
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Molin, Paulo Guilherme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1529819650942373
The need for continuous, scalable, and low-cost monitoring of tropical forest typologies and biodiversity gains is crucial to meet global Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR) commitments and to understand forest dynamics in the face of climate change. Given the vast extent of tropical forests, enhancing low-cost remote sensing (RS) systems is fundamental to overcoming technical barriers in monitoring. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of the Sentinel-2A and 2B satellites to replicate and scale the forest class discrimination methodology, originally tested with the VENμS sensor, in FLR programs. The research sought to assess how spectral diversity and the influence of seasonality contribute to the classification of tropical forest typologies. The study was conducted at the Itatinga Forest Science Experimental Station (EECFI-USP), analyzing forest classes such as: mature seasonal deciduous forests (over 80 years old), natural regeneration, cerrado, active restoration areas (mixed planting of native seedlings), and homogeneous plantations of Eucalyptus and Pinus. Using images generated from a 20x20 meter spatial resolution orbital scene for summer and one for the winter period, the Random Forest algorithm was employed to integrate various biophysical and structural attributes: advanced vegetation indices (NDMI, EVI, NBR, NDVI, NDVIRe, and CLre1), seasonal layers, summer and winter delta, texture metrics, and spectral diversity indicators (alpha and beta), derived from the biodivMapR package. The results demonstrated the robustness of the approach, with the model achieving an overall accuracy of over 80% and an average cross-class accuracy of 86.2%. The textural, seasonal, and spectral diversity layers stood out as the most important attributes for class discrimination, reinforcing the role of canopy structural heterogeneity. The greatest spectral variability, essential for differentiation, was observed in forest regeneration and active restoration areas. The study also confirmed the potential of the Red-Edge and SWIR bands of Sentinel-2A and 2B in structural and physiological characterization, establishing a replicable and low-cost protocol using free tools (R and QGIS). Thus, the proposed methodology significantly contributes to democratizing and expanding the continuous monitoring of FLR, offering essential technical support for the management of forest landscapes.
Tensão em madeiras de folhosas: distribuição radial das propriedades e o papel da recuperação higrotérmica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-04)
Kugimiya, Tamaki
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Yamamoto, Hiroyuki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7817296537223703
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Yamaji, Fábio Minoru
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4787449634914831
In the current era of progressing global warming, the value of forests and wood has been increasing. Trees develop growth stress as a survival strategy to grow tall; however, these stresses become obstacles when humans utilize wood. The elastic component of growth stress is released during felling and sawing, while the viscoelastic component is released during boiling. The latter is referred to as hygrothermal recovery (HTR). Although various studies on HTR have been conducted, its detailed behavior remains unclear. This study aimed to understand the radial distribution of wood properties and the role of HTR in hardwood containing tension wood. In Chapter 3, HTR was examined from the bark to the pith together with the G-layer proportion, crystallinity index (C.I.), microfibril angle (MFA), and drying strain. In Chapter 4, HTR was evaluated under various treatment temperatures and durations, along with drying mass change, crystallite size (L), and d-spacing for comparison. In Chapter 3, the results showed that HTR alone exhibited dependence on the distance from the pith and contributed to the release of the viscoelastic component of growth stress. In Chapter 4, in the tangential (T) direction, viscoelastic release of compressive growth stress was confirmed by detecting the expansion of d-spacing between cellulose molecular chains. In the longitudinal (L) direction, it was confirmed that the viscoelastic release of tensile growth stress likely occurs at a more macroscopic level—such as contractive relaxation of pre-stretched cellulose microfibrils (CMFs)— rather than through a decrease in the d-spacing of cellulose crystallites along the molecular axis. For future studies, analysis using FTIR and small-angle scattering are desirable to elucidate the behavior of the matrix and CMFs during HTR.
PVA Films with Carbonized Kraft Lignin: Physico-Chemical Properties and Application in Gas Detection
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-05)
Fré, Lucas Victor Benjamim Vasconcelos
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Freitas, Amanda de Sousa Martinez de
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Rodrigues, Jéssica Souza
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Simõis, André Vitor Santos
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Komatsu, Daniel
Kraft lignin (KL), a major byproduct of the pulp and paper industry, is still largely underutilized, limiting its value in advanced materials. This work investigates whether incorporating carbonized kraft lignin (CKL) into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films can enhance their structural and functional properties and enable their use as gas-sensor membranes. PVA films containing 0, 10, 30, and 50 weight percent (wt.%) CKL were prepared and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water-contact-angle (wettability) measurements, and tensile testing, followed by ammonia (NH3), ethanol (C2H5OH), and toluene (C7H8) sensing. CKL increased thermal stability (temperature at 5% mass loss, T5%, up to 135 °C vs. 80 °C for neat PVA), raised carbonaceous residue to 15%, and improved Young’s modulus while reducing elongation and water contact angle. Gas-sensing tests revealed a strong, reversible current response to NH3, with PVA/50 wt.% CKL exhibiting the highest current (ca. 23 µA), along with detectable responses to ethanol and toluene. These results demonstrate that CKL is an effective bio-derived additive that upgrades PVA films for sustainable, high-performance gas-sensing applications.
Vacinologia reversa e imunoinformática aplicadas à identificação de candidatos vacinais contra Enterobacter cloacae
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-05)
Soares, Gabriela Guerrera
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Pranchevicius, Maria Cristina da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4772148921558977
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2222866375818312
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Fuentes, Andrea Soares da Costa
Antimicrobial resistance associated with the Enterobacter cloacae complex represents an increasing challenge in hospital settings, especially given the scarcity of effective new antibiotics. Despite the clinical relevance of this pathogen, no licensed vaccines against E. cloacae currently exist, and the therapeutic alternatives available are becoming progressively more limited. In this context, the present study aimed to develop a multi-epitope vaccine candidate capable of inducing both cellular and humoral immune responses against conserved proteins of this pathogen, using a robust pipeline integrating subtractive proteomics, reverse vaccinology, and immunoinformatics. A total of 21 complete clinical genomes were analyzed, enabling the identification of 1,352 proteins associated with essentiality, virulence, or antibiotic resistance, which were subsequently filtered to yield 39 proteins non-homologous to the human proteome and to the gut microbiota. From these, nine promising proteins were selected, and B- and T-cell epitopes were predicted based on high binding affinity to multiple MHC alleles, non-toxicity, absence of allergenicity, and elevated immunogenic potential. These components supported the development of four multi-epitope vaccine constructs (VEC1–VEC4), among which VEC1 exhibited the most favorable characteristics, including optimal physicochemical properties, a stable three-dimensional structure, strong predicted interaction with Toll-like receptors, and an estimated global population coverage of 92.6%. Immune simulations demonstrated the vaccine’s ability to induce robust antibody production, activation of helper and cytotoxic T cells, and formation of memory cells after three simulated doses. Additionally, the VEC1 sequence was codon-optimized for expression in Escherichia coli and successfully cloned in silico into the pET-28a (+) vector, indicating feasibility for future experimental validation. The vaccine candidate developed here shows practical potential for controlling E. cloacae infections, contributing to reduced selective pressure from antibiotics and supporting efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance. These findings highlight the value of immunoinformatics as an accelerating tool in vaccine development and provide a solid foundation for subsequent in vitro and in vivo validation studies.
“Eu sou o filho da Terra!”: educação ambiental crítica e o sujeito ecológico na relação entre escola e unidades de conservação.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-05)
Lobo, Lara Bittar
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Bernardes, Antonio Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6785212671844982
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3086803140941056
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https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0376-2921
This master’s thesis investigates the challenges and possibilities of integrating Critical Environmental Education (CEE) into daily school routines, focusing on the articulation between the State School Prof. Arquimínio Marques da Silva (Sorocaba/SP) and the Ipanema National Forest (Flona Ipanema) (Iperó/SP). The study is based on the hypothesis that there is a gap in the implementation of critical environmental education principles in both formal school environments and Protected Areas (PAs), which calls for an investigation into whether mediation between these spaces can address such a deficiency. The primary objective was to analyze the effectiveness of educational practices in these institutions and propose actions to strengthen their integration through the lens of Socio-environmental Geography. Methodologically, the research is anchored in Freirean-based propositive research, utilizing focus groups with teachers and semi-structured interviews with environmental guides to diagnose the challenges presented. The theoretical framework is grounded in authors such as Loureiro, Tozoni-Reis, Porto-Gonçalves, Mendonça and Freire. The results reveal that, despite severe institutional barriers — such as curricular fragmentation, lack of time, and limited resources —, there is a genuine enthusiasm among educators to connect school content with practical experiences, as well as among environmental guides during guided trails. In response to these limitations, the research presents, in its final chapter, an Interdisciplinary Action Plan that materializes the "untested feasibility" (inédito viável), integrating skills from National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) with thematic axes linked to the Ipanema National Forest. It concludes that overcoming the neutrality of knowledge requires a praxis that transforms the Protected Area into a living laboratory of citizenship, reaffirming Environmental Education as an act of resistance and a structural principle for understanding the complexity of the contemporary world.
Do ódio virtual à violência real: uma análise da relação entre o cyberbullying e os massacres escolares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-06)
Barbosa, Naomi André Cambará
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Bernardes, Antonio Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6785212671844982
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4996-7031
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3118074451766807
The school plays a fundamental role in the holistic development of individuals, not only in terms of knowledge building and the broadening of their worldview, but also as a space of experiences that shape their social and emotional development. Among the various functions assumed by the school institution, its relevance stands out as an environment of social interactions in which individuals establish relationships and develop skills such as coexistence, empathy, and cooperation. However, these interactions can also reflect dynamics of inclusion and exclusion, processes intrinsic to school life. Phenomena such as bullying highlight how exclusion can deeply affect students’ lives, generating consequences that extend beyond the limits of the school. With the advent and popularization of new technologies, these social dynamics have acquired a new dimension. Interactions and conflicts, previously restricted to the physical school space, now extend to social networks and digital platforms, potentially taking on even larger and more complex proportions. Many of these episodes, often premeditated and announced either subtly or explicitly on digital platforms, raise urgent questions about the relationship between the school environment, social interactions, and the use of social networks. Given the above, it is observed that the processes of bullying and cyberbullying are interconnected with school massacres. Likewise, it is possible to analyze, based on the statements and experiences of students and teaching staff, how hate speech can influence and reshape the school environment and its spatialities. The data collected through questionnaires applied to students and teachers reveal vulnerabilities and the growing presence of hate speech and motivating content in virtual social networks. Bullying and cyberbullying, therefore, do not result from a single factor but from multiple dimensions. Although bullying is not the only determinant, it appears as a recurring element in attack narratives. The study concludes that violence is fluid, reinvents itself, and finds in cyberspace both an environment of support and a means of spreading hostility.
Método para simulação dos efeitos de Soluções Baseadas na Natureza nos sistemas urbanos de manejo de águas pluviais a partir da Metodologia BIM
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-11-06)
Casagrande, Nicholas Picin
;
Bueno, Cristiane
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2049901634471620
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7444415143855117
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Gonçalves, Luciana Marcia
The conception and design of rainwater management systems in an urban environment is observed under two axes of opportunity. The first is related to the use of sustainable drainage techniques, such as Nature-Based Solutions (NBS), like LID, SuDS, WSUDS, Sponge Cities, among others. The second axis deals with building information modeling (BIM), its methodologies, techniques and possibilities, applied to these systems. With the objective of uniting these axes, the research used Design Science Research as a methodology for proposing artifacts to solve real problems. It was possible to analyze the field of knowledge of NBS and related terms, seeking an initial consolidation, from which sets of IFC properties were developed for application in representative NBS BIM object, along with the formalization of Information Requirements according to ISO 19650 (OIR, AIR, PIR, EIR) appropriate to the specification and management of NBS projects based on the BIM methodology. From the Requirements, a BIM Object was prepared for the evaluation of the proposed artifacts, performing the validation of information delivery based on IDS, composing an openBIM workflow.