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Ações afirmativas e formação de professores na UNIFAL-MG: tensionamentos e fatores que influenciam os estudantes do curso de licenciatura em matemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Lopes, Ronaldo André; Silva, Guilherme Henrique Gomes da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5817829882396943; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-2663; Sousa, Maria do Carmo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6637658562543505; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5523-757X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5100882902316977; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7215-7101; Rodrigues, Tatiane Cosentino; Faria, Paulo Cezar de; Ince, Manuella Heloisa Carrijo; Silva, Natalino Neves da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8361431964064731; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3630521378837174; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6353436161500379; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8701722710780673; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4402-2805; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9869-157X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5879-7652; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1746-8713
This study aims to analyze how affirmative action policies can promote access, retention, academic survival, and teacher education for students belonging to underrepresented groups in the Mathematics Teacher Education (Licentiate) program at the Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), considering the factors and tensions that shape their academic trajectories. The research was conducted in two complementary stages: first, a documentary study based on data provided by the university for the period from 2019 to 2024, analyzing the occupancy and vacancy rates of places in the program; students’ socioeconomic profile, prior schooling, municipality of origin, gender, racial self-identification, and use of affirmative action policies; as well as dropout indicators, including withdrawals, dismissals, and completion rates; and second, semi-structured interviews with 12 students who benefited from affirmative action policies at admission and/or during their studies, aiming to understand the challenges and support mechanisms affecting their retention, academic survival, and teacher education. The documentary analysis revealed recurrent under-enrollment in certain quota categories, especially those reserved for persons with disabilities and low-income students who self-identify as Black, Brown, or Indigenous, and showed that, despite an expansion of racial and social diversity in the program over time, structural inequalities that directly affect student retention persist, as evidenced by significant dropout rates, reinforcing the need for more effective institutional support policies. The interviews, analyzed using a technique inspired by Content Analysis and organized into five thematic axes—motivations for choosing a teaching career in Mathematics; factors and challenges related to retention; experiences of prejudice; perceptions and experiences related to mathematical content; and teacher education and personal experiences—indicate that while students recognize the importance of affirmative action policies for university access, the lack of continuous support is one of the main barriers to their retention, with frequent reports of financial difficulties, conflicted relationships with professors, gender prejudice, racial microaggressions, and microaggressions related to mathematical content, often aggravated by low representativeness and a curriculum that engages little with their sociocultural realities. At the same time, students highlighted the positive role of tutoring programs, extension projects, PIBID, extracurricular activities, supportive faculty, and peer relationships in coping with difficulties and strengthening their sense of belonging. Overall, the findings support the thesis that students benefiting from affirmative action policies—particularly in Exact Sciences programs—face specific tensions in higher education that require institutional retention policies beyond access alone, demonstrating that their academic success depends not only on individual effort but also on structural conditions that promote belonging, psychosocial support, and the valuing of diversity, and underscoring the need for an institutional and programmatic commitment to more equitable teacher education, especially in Mathematics Teacher Education, with the expectation that this study will contribute to the improvement of affirmative action policies and to more equitable practices in Brazilian higher education.
Cartografia institucional das reestruturações no sistema estadual de extensão rural no Brasil na região Sul
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Carriel, Mariana Alves; Borsatto, Ricardo Serra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5988987575101933; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7594-479X
This work presents a historical and institutional analysis of Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (ATER) in Brazil, with an emphasis on public institutions in the Southern region. The research discusses the evolution of ATER from its origins in the imperial period, through the formation of the ACARs (Rural Extension and Technical Assistance Agencies), the centralization promoted by EMBRATER (Brazilian Agricultural Extension Service), and the changes resulting from its extinction in the 1990s. Using a descriptive and historical-documentary approach, the study gathers specialized bibliography, legislation, and institutional documents to understand how each state structured and reorganized its rural extension systems over time. The results show that Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul developed distinct but equally relevant models for strengthening family farming, technological innovation, sustainability, and especially cooperativism. It concludes that ATER remains a strategic instrument for sustainable rural development, for mediating between scientific knowledge and local practices, and for promoting productive inclusion in rural areas.
Microlearning para elaboração de referências bibliográficas: estudo de caso no YouTube
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Souza, Camily Maria de; Zafalon, Zaira Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1584935790390793; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4467-2138; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1520962495454095
Microlearning is a learning method that helps transform short-term memory into long-term memory; its use has been boosted by the COVID-19 pandemic and the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). YouTube is a video platform used to disseminate microlearning initiatives that process the creation of bibliographic references, which are constituent elements of any scientific production. The aim is to analyze microlearning initiatives on YouTube that address the creation of bibliographic references in the format of the Brazilian Technical Standards Association (ABNT). A qualitative and quantitative approach is adopted as the methodology; of an applied nature; with exploratory objectives; bibliographic procedures, documentary procedures and case study; and interpretive and categorical content analysis for the analysis of the results. The Brapci, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were used for the narrative review. The corpus of analysis consisted of 22 videos. It was concluded that YouTube is an ICT that allows access anywhere and anytime, through mobile devices with internet access, to micro-content that process the creation of bibliographic references, and that the use of accents in words used in search terms is not mandatory. It was observed that visual and auditory channels were captured in order to provide greater retention and processing of information.
O Plano Educacional Individualizado (PEI) na promoção da educação inclusiva: perspectivas docentes em escola pública paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Costa, Vitória Costa; Reis, Denise Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1224343794340576; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9172-3711; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0490197776703217; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1224343794340576; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0300-2456; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9172-3711
The increase in enrollment of children and adolescents with disabilities in Brazil indicates advances in inclusive education, a perspective that is still developing in our educational reality due to persistent barriers. The study aimed to analyze the process of elaboration, implementation and monitoring of the Individualized Educational Plan (PEI) by elementary and high school teachers in a public school in São Carlos - SP, based on legislation, in government guidelines and in the daily teaching work. A case study was developed through observations and semi-structured interviews with six teachers, examining the data with the aid of Content Analysis technique. The results show that PEI is essential for inclusion, but faces difficulties such as overwork, numerous classes, lack of training, lack of professionals and low family participation. To improve the effectiveness of PEI, collective actions are needed with clear legislation, continuous training, institutional support, family involvement and collaboration between teachers and managers.
Classificação semissupervisionada baseada em densidade com reconhecimento de anomalias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Mass, Bruno; Naldi, Murilo Coelho; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573662728816861; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3107-8236; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5481357033125207; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2775-5277; Naldi, Murilo Coelho; Valejo, Alan Demétrius Baria; Jaskowiak, Pablo Andretta; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573662728816861; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9546164790189830; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3294090242380648; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3107-8236; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9046-9499; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6377-3372
In the context of data mining, the task of anomaly detection is important because observations that deviate from the majority can negatively affect machine learning models or represent the main object of interest in various real-world scenarios. At the same time, semi-supervised classification tasks are essential in situations where labeled data are scarce. In this work, we suggest unifying these two tasks into a single integrated process: we propose combining a state-of-the-art density-based clustering algorithm capable of detecting outliers with two well-known density-based semi-supervised classifiers, with the goal of producing hybrid methods capable of performing both tasks. Experiments conducted on 42 semi-synthetic datasets with different proportions of labeled objects and two distinct types of anomalies showed that the investigated anomaly detection method outperforms similar approaches, especially on datasets containing global anomalies. The results also demonstrate that when the outlier detection method is combined with the semi-supervised classifiers, there is only a minor impact on classification quality. Thus, we show that the proposed hybrid approaches constitute viable alternatives to their respective original methods, enabling explicit identification of anomalies without significantly compromising classification performance.
Sequenciamento de exomas para identificação de variantes genéticas relacionadas ao desenvolvimento do ceratocone em uma família brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Guimarães, Lislie Vitória Rodrigues; Melo, Mônica Barbosa de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8419127911387669; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1801-5441; Montagnolli, Renato Nallin; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7455124733755299; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3801-9631; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8241224024138827; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9483-8968
Keratoconus is a degenerative ophthalmological disorder characterized by progressive ectasia of an inflammatory, bilateral, and multifactorial nature, affecting corneal curvature and leading to irregular astigmatism. It occurs in both men and women of all ethnicities, with a global incidence of 1 case per 2,000 births per year and 1.4 per 2,000 in Brazil. Its pathogenesis typically begins in adolescence in an asymptomatic manner, often being mistaken for simple astigmatism, and the only means of early diagnosis comes from corneal imaging exams. In their absence, the clinical condition progresses, resulting in a significant decline in the patient’s visual acuity. Environmental, systemic, and genetic factors are directly associated with the manifestation of keratoconus, and so far, few studies have explored the investigation of affected families through exome sequencing. Moreover, it is important to highlight that the heterogeneity of the Brazilian cohort represents a relevant genotypic and phenotypic model for studies on keratoconus. Thus, this genetic diversity enhances the potential for identifying DNA variants related to the disease, emphasizing the need for further research to improve the understanding of its pathophysiology and mechanisms. In this context, the objective of this study is to investigate the genetic bases involved in the etiology of keratoconus through exome sequencing and risk prediction analysis in Brazilian families, aiming to identify and characterize candidate genes involved in biological pathways related to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of this ocular condition, and to develop a deeper understanding of the genetic foundations underlying its etiology in Brazil.
Guia Curricular da REME de Corumbá-MS e ensino de Língua Espanhola: métodos, abordagens e práticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Ferreira, Fernanda; Borges, Elaine Ferreira do Vale; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8872819626199594; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8310-3539; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7521289612345564; Borges, Elaine Ferreira do Vale; Biazolli, Caroline Carnielli; Zuin, Poliana Bruno; Paravisini, Adriana Viana Postigo; Barbosa, Renilce Miranda Cebalho; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8872819626199594; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7908630593356660; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0389350936548546; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6813652058421597; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9029903756629960
La presente investigación desarrolla una discusión teórico-reflexiva sobre los métodos de alfabetización, las prácticas de alfabetización y los enfoques de enseñanza de idiomas emergentes en el Guía Curricular de la Red Municipal de Enseñanza (REME) de Corumbá- MS, desde el 1.º al 5.º curso de la Educación Básica I, en la asignatura de Lengua Española. También tiene como objetivo, a partir de los resultados del análisis reflexivo, crear posibilidades de orientaciones metodológicas. El Guía Curricular de la REME de Corumbá- MS es un documento oficial guiado por el Currículo de Referencia de Mato Grosso do Sul y por la Base Nacional Común Curricular (BNCC). Las reflexiones sobre los métodos de alfabetización se centran en los clásicos – sintético (alfabético, fónico y silábico) y analítico, también denominado Teoría del Sincretismo Infantil (palabras, frases y cuentos o historietas globales), basados en Frade (2005; 2007) y Mendonça (2017); y a los contemporáneos de la corriente constructivista: Emilia Ferreiro (1991; 1995; 1997; 2001) y Magda Soares (1990; 2004; 2005). Los debates sobre las prácticas de alfabetización se centran en las colectivas y las individuales, basadas en Kleiman (2005; 2014), además de los debates sobre las prácticas de multialfabetizaciones inmersas en diferentes dimensiones (lingüística, cognitiva, sociocultural, sociocognitiva y del desarrollo) basadas en Kucer (2014) y Kern (2000). Las discusiones sobre los enfoques de la enseñanza de idiomas se centran en los 15 más comunes en el contexto brasileño, a saber: Gramática-Traducción, Directa, Situacional, Audiolingual, Instrumental, Comunicativa, Comunitaria, Respuesta Física Total, Basada en Competencias, Metagenérica, Lenguaje Total, Cooperativa, Lexical, Basada en Tareas e Integrada de Contenido y Lenguaje, respaldadas por teóricos como Richards & Rodgers (2014), Richards (2015), Larsen Freeman (2004), Krashen (2002), Littlewood (1998), Street (2010), entre otros, muy respaldado por la sistematización de Baranhuke Júnior (2021). La metodología de investigación adoptada fue bibliográfica y documental, de naturaleza cualitativa cuyos objetivos y tratamiento de datos son exploratorios. Los resultados apuntaron a una amplia gama de rasgos de métodos de alfabetización y enfoques de enseñanza de idiomas, desde los más tradicionales hasta los más contemporáneos; sin embargo, en emergencia sin contextualización y con ausencia de prácticas de alfabetización. Con ello, se propusieron orientaciones metodológicas para la posible aplicabilidad de las teorías diagnosticadas en el Guía con ejemplos tomados del escenario urbano de la ciudad de Corumbá-MS y de las redes sociales locales. Con los resultados obtenidos y las direcciones propuestas se espera contribuir a los estudios en el área de lenguaje y en el curso de Lengua Española, además se pretende hacer la enseñanza-aprendizaje de lenguas en la localidad geográfica investigada más significativo y más adecuado a los aprendices de las asignaturas mencionadas en esta tesis.
Metodologia aplicada ao monitoramento e análise de vibrações do piso em áreas críticas das linhas de luz do Sirius
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Bueno, Camila Isabel de Souza; Chiquito, Adenilson José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7087360072774314
Mechanical vibrations are present in many everyday situations, and understanding this phenomenon is fundamental to the study of physical and engineering systems. Vibrations can be defined as oscillatory movements of a mechanical system around a point of equilibrium, and can have different origins, directions, and intensities, which can generate significant consequences for the performance and stability of sensitive equipment. At the Sirius electron accelerator, where research spanning micrometer and nanometer scales is conducted, the precision and stability of the beam at each light line are essential. Any interference, even of small magnitude, can compromise the quality of measurements and experimental analyses. In order to understand and monitor these interferences, a methodology was developed for measuring and analyzing vibrations in the storage ring floors, the experimental hall, special floors, and granite tables of Sirius. The results showed that the ring floor exhibits adequate stability and homogeneity, even in the face of external interference, and that there is efficient decoupling between the ring floor and the experimental hall. Furthermore, it was observed that the granite tables are more sensitive to low frequencies, reinforcing the importance of continuous monitoring.
Dimensão econômica do uso de biossorventes para remoção de poluentes: uma revisão sistemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Ferreira, Matheus Alves; Pimentel, Andréa Eloisa Bueno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9330438553830026; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5915-925X
This Undergraduate Thesis has a dual purpose: (1) to analyze how the economic dimension is addressed in scientific studies on biosorbents within the framework of the Circular Economy and (2) to propose a pedagogical approach for applying this theme in Chemistry Teaching. The research axis consisted of a Systematic Literature Review of 35 articles, which revealed a significant gap: although the technical and environmental efficiency of biosorbents derived from waste is widely demonstrated, the economic dimension remains underexplored. Most studies are limited to justifying the low cost of raw materials, without incorporating quantitative metrics essential for industrial-scale assessment, such as Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) or capital and operational cost estimates (CAPEX/OPEX). This finding highlights the need for greater interdisciplinarity among Engineering, Chemistry, and Economics to consolidate effectively circular solutions. In the pedagogical axis, a didactic sequence was developed, structured on the Three Pedagogical Moments (Initial Problematization, Organization of Knowledge, and Application of Knowledge), using the documentary Waste Land and the Science-Technology-Society (STS) approach. The proposal aims to foster a contextualized and critical scientific education, encouraging high school students to reflect on consumption impacts and the potential for waste reuse within circular systems. It contributes both to advancing the academic debate by mapping research gaps and trends in biosorption and to promoting scientific education, integrating technical, economic, and pedagogical knowledge as pillars of sustainability.
Um sistema de armazenamento e distribuição de dados georreferenciados para o Programa Bioma Stats
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Marques, Gustavo Bilia; Ferreira, Iuri Emmanuel de Paula; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5965827433093415
With the increasing volume of environmental data and the growing demand for effective and accessible tools to work with spatial information, the development of systems that improve the access to and processing of georeferenced data is essential. In this context, Bioma Stats emerges as an open-source tool built in the R language, aiming to centralize and automate environmental analyses. Executing the Bioma Stats workflow in its first version required manually downloading its database directly from the MapBiomas platform, forcing users to download the entire collection of land use and land cover data for Brazil and overloading their machines with unnecessary storage demands for analyzing their specific area of interest. Therefore, this work presents the implementation of a georeferenced data storage and distribution system that operates through a RESTful API developed using Node.js, Express, and MySQL. The system orchestrates the selective delivery of only the data corresponding to the user's territorial fragments of interest, which are stored in the cloud, thus replacing the dependency on centralized servers. The approach of using HTTP requests for communication between systems validates the integration between the R environment and the web API. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in download time compared to the traditional method, as well as greater system resilience and optimization of computational resource usage.
Análise de influências da inclusão de descontinuidades em corpos de prova para o ensaio de tração paralela às fibras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Ferreira, Tobias Ribeiro; Lahr, Francisco Antonio Rocco; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2333091200416653; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3510-8498; Christoforo, André Luis; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7623383075429186; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4066-080X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0340514621259242; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3405-5697; Azevedo, Afonso Rangel Garcez de; Almeida, Diego Henrique de; Segundinho, Pedro Gutemberg de Alcântara; Araújo, Victor Almeida de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5332016516191423; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7043956540589502; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0125088071269647; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7419315199923119; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4694-4459; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6220-4004; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4393-8686; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2747-4738
Wood is a natural composite material which, due to its complex anatomical composition, is generally modeled as an orthotropic material, exhibiting distinct properties depending on the direction of analysis. Among the various mechanical properties of interest, the behavior of wood under tensile loading is particularly relevant. In this condition, wood presents an elasto-brittle response, characterized by the absence of significant plastic deformations prior to failure. The tensile failure process may occur through different modes, which introduces substantial uncertainties in determining the tensile strength parallel to the grain. This difficulty arises because the irregularity and randomness of the failure plane make the concept of average normal stress less representative for accurately estimating the actual strength values. In this context, the main objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of introducing lateral notches into standardized specimens, aiming to induce preferential failure planes in the central region. Four species of hardwoods from tropical forests were studied (Erisma uncinatum, Goupia glabra, Hymenolobium petraeum e Bagassa guianensis), thereby encompassing distinct anatomical and mechanical features. Notches were introduced in different orientations: aligned (0°) and inclined (30° and 45°). This approach sought to verify how the presence of such discontinuities would affect the failure modes observed during tensile tests parallel to the grain, as well as the magnitude and variability of the measured tensile strength values. The investigation combined experimental tests with numerical analyses based on the finite element method, allowing for a more comprehensive assessment of specimen behavior. The results demonstrated that the use of aligned notches in the standardized Brazilian specimen configuration led to a significant reduction in result dispersion, by consistently inducing fracture in the central region of the tested samples. In this case, an average reduction of 0.893 in tensile strength was observed compared to unnotched specimens. However, this decrease was accompanied by a reduction in variability and uncertainty associated with the estimation of tensile strength parallel to the grain, thus providing more consistent and representative results regarding the actual behavior of the material. Therefore, it can be concluded that the introduction of aligned notches represents an effective strategy to improve the reliability of tensile strength measurements in wood, contributing to methodological advances in the mechanical characterization of this natural and heterogeneous material.
O papel do Banco Mundial no rural brasileiro: analisando a estratégia alianças produtivas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Tiba, Thiago; Borsatto, Ricardo Serra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5988987575101933; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7594-479X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6415043912850189
This study examines the role of the World Bank in rural Brazil through the Productive Alliances (AP) strategy, designed to foster the market integration of family farmers into higher value-added supply chains. The analysis is grounded in the premise that international organizations exert substantial influence on the formulation and implementation of public policies targeting rural populations. Within this context, AP has emerged as one of the principal instruments for advancing rural development in the country. The study aimed to evaluate the implementation of AP-related projects in Brazil by identifying their foundational principles, financial allocations, achieved outcomes, and beneficiary profiles. Methodologically, the research employed a documentary approach based on official World Bank reports, enabling a detailed examination of each project's components, investment structure, and performance targets. The results indicate that AP initiatives expanded market access, strengthened producer organizations, and supported improvements in water-related infrastructure. Overall, the strategy has met its core objectives in Brazil, generating significant impacts on household income, agricultural competitiveness, and the economic inclusion of family farmers.
Isolamento e caracterização de fungos com potencial para promoção de crescimento vegetal e biocontrole
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Ferreira, Maria Eduarda Pavani; Lacava, Paulo Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8947678349043750; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7166-606X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7144542298817073; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6975-0503
The industrial agriculture system utilizes chemical products to fight diseases and enrich nutrient-deficient soil to boost productivity. Bigger doses are used every cycle, given the resistant phytopathogens and agricultural pests that emerge and continual soil depletion. An alternative is microorganisms-based products that are capable of biological pest and phytopathogen control or capable of providing plant nutrition by biological solubilization and fixation of essential nutrients. This research applied itself to the isolation, identification, and evaluation of in vitro potential of fungi to inhibit phytopathogenic fungi mycelial growth, produce the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and solubilize inorganic phosphorus. The fungi were evaluated for antagonistic action against the phytopathogens Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, with inhibition by culture pairing and metabolic action. Phosphorus solubilization was assayed quantitatively in liquid media containing calcium, aluminum and iron phosphates, insoluble forms present in Brazilian soil. IAA production was evaluated in media containing tryptophan, stimulant for this phytohormone. The isolates were identified as the genera Cladosporium, Entomortierella, Fusarium, Mucor, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Pochonia and Purpureocillium. Between the 10 fungal isolates 8 of them could solubilize at least one phosphorus source, with 4 isolates solubilizing all 3 inorganic phosphates. The Penicillium isolate was the biggest solubilizer, with reaching 503 μg/mL of soluble phosphorus after 14 days. For phytopathogen inhibition, 7 isolates inhibited at least 3 of the phytopathogen, with 2 antagonists inhibiting all five. The Purpureocillium isolate inhibited all the phytopathogen assessed in the culture pairing and inhibited two of them by metabolics action. Only 3 isolates could produce IAA, from the genera Cladosporium, Entomortierella and Mucor. The biggest IAA productor was the Mucor isolate with 18,59 μg/mL after 14 days.
Um modelo fuzzy para identificação de dificuldades matemáticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Silva, Gustavo Cavani Teles da; Peixoto, Magda da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0413910306376054; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9831891895851724; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4973-4587; Pinto, Luiza Amália; Carvalho, Silvia Maria Simões de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5125684609608336; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8244087426759161
This dissertation presents the development of a fuzzy model designed to identify mathematical learning difficulties among high school students. Grounded in fuzzy rule-based systems (FRBS), the model integrates cognitive variables and aspects related to student engagement, enabling the representation of performance levels in a gradual and interpretable manner. Its hierarchical architecture is composed of three subsystems that assess engagement, performance consistency, and specific types of mathematical difficulties. The membership functions, defined using triangular and trapezoidal models, as well as the rule bases, were constructed according to pedagogical relationships involving participation, conceptual understanding, procedural skills, and problem-statement interpretation. The system was implemented in MATLAB and tested through simulated scenarios, allowing the analysis of its behavior under different combinations of student performance. This work contributes to the development of flexible and interpretable tools capable of supporting educational practices and strengthening the connection between fuzzy modeling techniques and learning assessment processes.
Análise de uso e ocupação do solo no município de Itapetininga-SP a partir do Programa Bioma Stats
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Santos, Luis Rodrigo Vieira dos; Ferreira, Iuri Emmanuel de Paula; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5965827433093415
The landscape is the result of the interaction between biological, physical, and human factors, with soil as one of its central elements. Over time, different forms of land use and occupation have shaped and transformed the Brazilian agricultural landscape. In this context, understanding the evolution of the landscape, land use, and occupation is essential for interpreting environmental and agricultural dynamics. The objective of this study was to quantitatively analyze the land use and occupation profile in the municipality of Itapetininga- SP, from 1985 to 2020, through the analysis of images from the MapBiomas database, using the Bioma Stats tool, based on the R programming language. The results indicated relevant changes in land use in the municipality, notably an increase in areas used for soybean production from 671.9 ha in 1985 to 28,890.7 ha in 2020 and a reduction in pasture areas from 82,366.40 ha in 1985 to 36,112.90 ha in 2020. It was found that most of the changes occurred due to changes in land use and occupation patterns, and not necessarily due to the opening of new areas or the deforestation of native areas to meet the new agricultural model. There was also a significant increase in areas devoted to planted forests, from 7,397.62 ha in 1985 to 24,262.05 ha in 2020, evidencing a reconfiguration in the agricultural and environmental use of the territory.
Nanossistemas poliméricos para tratamento do câncer de pulmão: o efeito corona proteica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Saladine, Maria Eduarda da Silva; Leite, Ana Elisa Tognoli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3170931739485037; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4300-9414; Camargo, Emerson Rodrigues de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7720754304065239; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2893-5353; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7009789390549305; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4489-8284
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality, with cisplatin being widely used in its treatment despite its low tumor specificity and high systemic toxicity. PLGA polymeric nanoparticles emerge as an alternative to improve drug delivery; however, in biological media, they interact with proteins, forming the protein corona, which can alter their properties and biological effects. This study evaluated the influence of surface charge and incubation time on protein corona formation, as well as its cytotoxic effects on A549 cells. PLGA nanoparticles, with and without chitosan coating, were incubated in a medium containing fetal bovine serum and characterized regarding size, zeta potential, protein concentration, morphology, and chemical structure. The nanoparticles exhibited spherical morphology, an average size of 75 nm, a zeta potential of –18 mV, and an encapsulation efficiency of 28%. The formation of the protein corona was evidenced by a size increase of approximately 30 nm and a change in surface charge, with higher protein adsorption observed in positively charged nanoparticles and greater protein interaction after 1 h of incubation. The presence of the protein corona resulted in higher cell viability compared to corona-free nanoparticles and free cisplatin, although additional release and internalization studies are required to clarify the lower cytotoxicity observed. The results highlight the importance of the protein corona in modulating the biological interactions of PLGA nanoparticles and in developing safer and more effective nanostructured systems for lung cancer treatment
Desempenho agronômico de híbridos de milho na região de Araras- SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Fernandes, Victor Hugo; Silva, Gustavo Ferreira da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6552329435195250; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-2814; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4556169775965463
Maize (Zea mays L.) is an essential food in the global diet and holds significant economic relevance. However, abiotic stresses have impacted the performance of established hybrids. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of six commercial maize hybrids in the region of Araras–SP, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with four replications, using the hybrids NK467 VIP3, NS505 VIP3, NS 71 VIP3, NS 75 VIP3, NS 44 TG, and AG8780 PR04. Phenological traits, plant population, morphophysiological characteristics, yield components, and productivity were evaluated. Male flowering varied between 48 and 55 days. For female flowering, a significant delay regarding male flowering (asynchrony) was observed in the most sensitive materials, compromising pollination, with negative emphasis on NS 75 VIP3. The final plant stand was lower for NS 505 VIP3 and NS 75 VIP3, while AG8780 PR04 achieved the highest stand. The hybrids NK467 VIP3, NS 71 VIP3, and NS 44 TG showed greater plant height. Among yield components, NS 44 TG stood out with the highest number of grains per row and the greatest 100-grain weight, resulting in high productivity (6,700 kg ha⁻¹) and demonstrating greater rusticity against thermal-water stress. The hybrid NS 75 VIP3 had the lowest performance, penalized by low stand and poor grain filling.
A mulher vitoriana e o reconhecimento de si: uma leitura política de Wuthering Heights (1847), de Emily Brontë
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Wiederkehr, Alessandro; Ferreira, Carla Alexandra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5522506928191940; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2706-5766; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9921523376779976; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9981-4386; Rodrigues, Raquel Terezinha; Ferreira, Carla Alexandra; Gomes, Izaquiel Mateus Macedo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2468134516070432; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5522506928191940; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2468134516070432; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2706-5766; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5028-8001
Wuthering Heights (1847), Emily Brontë's only novel, has been continuously revisited by scholars and critics, remaining an object of debate due to its aesthetic complexity and enigmatic character. The present work aims to investigate the work from its creative genesis and its place in Victorian female literary production. The novel's unique structure clashes with the Victorian ideal of "domestic happiness," an expression that synthesizes the power relations responsible for defining the social role of women in nineteenth-century England, often associated with the figure of the "angel of the home." In this context, the meaning inscribed in the form of the work transcends the narrative of passion and conflict between Catherine and Heathcliff, allowing a critical reading of the historical and ideological tensions that crossed the female condition in that period. The research seeks to understand how personal, family and sociocultural experiences related to Emily Brontë's trajectory resonate in the aesthetic elaboration of Wuthering Heights, articulating aspects of the author's creative process to the contradictions present in Victorian society. To this end, genetic criticism is adopted as a theoretical framework, in dialogue with the proposal of the political unconscious of Fredric Jameson (1992) and with the contributions of Carla Alexandra Ferreira (2018), in order to interpret the work as a socially symbolic act. From this perspective, a political reading of the novel is proposed, understanding how its narrative form mobilizes and reorganizes historical and ideological contradictions that reveal tensions related to the representation of women, female autonomy and the power structures of Victorian society.
A tecnologia na educação infantil: uma análise de dissertações (2014 – 2023)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Garcia, Sophia Cristina; Galletti, Rebeca Chiacchio Azevedo Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1165657786360823
This study aims to analyze the academic production on the use of technology in early childhood education to understand the potentialities and difficulties highlighted in these researches. This bibliographic review was conducted through the identification and selection of documents in the CAPES Thesis and Dissertation Database, with the analysis supported by reading and analysis sheets. Seven master's dissertations discussing the use of technology in early childhood education were selected. Overall, these studies contributed to verifying how technology is used within the context of early childhood education, providing an understanding of the concepts of technology in each study and the specific tools employed. The dissertations presented various ways of integrating technology into early childhood education and explored aspects such as the insecurities of education professionals and families, as well as issues related to teacher training. The findings were essential for understanding some of the difficulties surrounding the use of technologies and the potential benefits they bring to the teaching and learning process.
Efeitos do treinamento de força na massa muscular e funcionalidade de idosos: uma revisão de literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-05) Sentanin, Lívia Maria; Novo Júnior, José Marques; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9526787393322396; Gonelli, Pamela Roberta Gomes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9954905276071073
Population aging is one of the most relevant phenomena of the 21st century, with sarcopenia being one of the main physiological challenges associated with old age. Strength Training (ST), or Resistance Training (RT), emerges as a central and effective intervention, demonstrating vast benefits for the elderly population. This training is a safe, feasible, and dose-dependent exercise modality that establishes itself as the fundamental intervention to mitigate the deleterious effects of aging. This literature review aimed to analyze the effects of Strength Training (ST) on muscle mass and functionality in the elderly, addressing musculoskeletal adaptations and the systemic benefits of Resistance Training (RT) as a primary intervention in combating the challenges of aging, such as sarcopenia. The reviewed literature confirms that ST, frequently applied in progressive and individualized protocols, is effective in preserving and/or increasing muscle mass and strength. Progressive manipulation of intensity and volume (with high intensity and high volume demonstrating greater effectiveness) results in improved strength, functional performance, and quality of life, being essential for maintaining independence and promoting healthy longevity in older adults, including the frail and those with comorbidities.