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Valorização energética de resíduos sólidos urbanos em São Carlos: comparação entre aterro sanitário, digestão anaeróbia e digestão anaeróbia com pré tratamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Carvalho, Júlia Helena; Paula, Rúbia Ferreira Rosa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4284223404098079; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8817-911X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3977549575392720; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0886-7158
Advances in international decarbonization targets, such as those established at COP28, reinforce the need for technologies capable of integrating energy generation and environmentally appropriate management of municipal solid waste. In Brazil, methane emissions represent one of the main environmental impacts of the sector. However, when properly captured and converted, methane becomes a strategic renewable energy source. In this context, this study evaluated the energy and environmental potential of valorizing food waste (RA) combined with urban pruning through three technological routes: (i) landfill disposal, (ii) anaerobic digestion (AD), and (iii) AD with thermal pretreatment of pruning, across six different scenarios. Based on previously obtained experimental data and literature parameters, the energy potential and environmental impact of each scenario were estimated, along with a sensitivity analysis. The results showed that AD, especially when combined with pruning pretreatment (Scenario 3), increased the specific biogas yield by approximately 159% compared with landfill disposal (Scenario 1), enabling the generation of up to 1.94 kWh of electricity per cubic meter of biogas and around 104 tons of steam per day. Regarding energy supply, the electricity generated could meet up to 8% of the total electricity demand of the municipality of São Carlos (Scenario 3), while in the same scenario it would be possible to supply approximately 43% of UFSCar’s annual demand, demonstrating the technology’s potential to support relevant institutional loads. From an economic perspective, scenarios that utilized thermal energy presented the highest financial gains, highlighting the relevance of heat recovery in the analyzed routes. From an environmental standpoint, methane capture and conversion made it possible to avoid up to 1.94 tCO₂eq per ton of treated waste (Scenario 3), emphasizing the technology’s potential for climate mitigation. The sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the model and identified the methane fraction as the most influential parameter, with variations of 14% to 20% in the results for 10% increases in its value. Thus, the study demonstrates that anaerobic digestion with thermal pretreatment is a promising alternative for integrating waste management, energy recovery, and circular economy strategies at the municipal level, providing technical support for public policy development and future studies on pretreatments, valorization routes, and digestate applications.
Valorização de resíduos agroindustriais da laranja na geração de produtos com maior valor agregado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Bezerra, Larissa Reducino; Lemos, Diego Andrade; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1174905383146257; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0507-7192
Brazil’s citrus industry is the global leader in orange juice production and exportation. However, fruit processing generates a significant amount of residues, such as peel, seeds, and pulp, which account for nearly 50% of the total mass, creating both environmental and economic challenges. Currently, these residues are largely converted into Citrus Pulp Pellets (CPP), a low value-added byproduct used as animal feed. Considering the need to improve biomass utilization efficiency and align the sector with circular economy principles, this study evaluated alternative routes for the valorization of orange processing residues by characterizing the production chain, describing the main waste streams, and reviewing technological pathways based on market data and scientific literature. The assessment identified relevant opportunities to produce pectin, ethanol and biogas. Based on these findings, an integrated biorefinery configuration was proposed, designed to complement the existing juice-processing infrastructure and optimize material flows, reduce losses and increase product diversification. Although the economic analysis considered only the potential market value of the resulting coproducts, without accounting for operational or capital costs, the results indicate that the valorization of orange residues represents a promising strategy to make the citrus chain more sustainable, innovative, and aligned with global demands for low-impact industrial processes.
Dossiê da cana-de-açúcar no Brasil e na América Latina e suas contribuições para a educação CTSA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Orlando, Rosa Maria Gomes; Lopes, Nataly Carvalho; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0285391776145231; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5113-8398; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8762719415270302; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1994-5930
This research proposes an investigation into sugarcane production in Brazil and Latin America, using a Science, Technology, and Society (STS) perspective to analyze the environmental, social, and economic impacts of the sugarcane industry and its potential for science education. The study seeks to understand how technological choices influence the daily lives of communities in producing regions and how to promote teaching practices focused on these aspects. Our discussions aim to highlight the interaction between science, technology, and society in science education, addressing sugarcane as an interdisciplinary theme that allows for the discussion of historical, biological, chemical, and social aspects, as well as its labor and environmental implications. The research was conducted through bibliographic and documentary research, which involved the collection, selection, and critical analysis of various scientific publications related to sugarcane cultivation and its relationship with science education. For data analysis, we used Content Analysis, a method that enabled the identification and organization of relevant thematic categories to understand the contributions of the topic to science education guided by STS (Science, Technology, and Society). The selected sources address technological, socio-environmental, and educational aspects of sugarcane production, allowing for an interdisciplinary and critical approach to the topic. Through this approach, we aim to develop in students the competence to interpret and critically question socio-scientific dilemmas, encouraging conscious and responsible action in the face of current socio-environmental challenges.
Processamento de dados experimentais para estudo de secagem: desenvolvimento de programa em Python e análise de dados da secagem de minério de manganês
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Silva, Gabriel Duarte da; Pádua, Thiago Faggion de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8909812973749651; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0694-6991; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7931770521850834
Drying is an essential unit operation in various industrial processes. For the efficient design of dryers on an industrial scale, bench and pilot-scale studies are fundamental, as they provide specific kinetic information about the products, such as the film coefficients associated with heat and mass transfer phenomena. However, experimental data obtained in drying systems often exhibit noise and uncertainties, frequently resulting from limitations in the methodology used for data collection, such as fluctuations in the electrical network or interference during weighing caused by vibrations and equipment instability. In this context, the objective of this work was to develop a software aimed at processing experimental data from a forced convection oven, focusing on data treatment and the extraction of relevant kinetic information for the study of drying. For testing the program, drying data of manganese ore were applied, and an analysis of the results obtained with the developed tool was also performed. Python routines were created for the processing and analysis of balance data, capable of: generating drying curves; comparing experimental data with theoretical diffusion models and with literature data; applying filters to the data; and storing the results. The program was complemented with textual material and instructional videos to facilitate its use. The test with manganese ore demonstrated the efficiency of the tool in visualizing the drying stages. A critical moisture content value between 0.10 and 0.15 kg water/kg dry solid was identified for 21 mm manganese spheres, dried at 90 °C. The theoretical models of Lewis and Page proved to be suitable for describing the drying rate, showing correlation coefficients greater than 0.98.
Transformações de Bäcklund e equações diferenciais que descrevem superfícies pseudoesféricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Garrido, Gabriel de Azevedo; Freire, Igor Leite; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5562563544119435; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9677-404X
In this work, we will study Bäcklund transformations and differential equations which describe pseudospherical surfaces, focusing on the sine-Gordon equation. We also use Bianchi’s Permutability Theorem to generate new solutions and parameterize the surfaces derived from the solutions of the aforementioned equation. Some of these surfaces are presented at the end of the text.
Estudo comparativo entre o filtro de partículas e o filtro de kalman estendido para monitoramento on-line da síntese de galactooligossacarídeos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Gualco, Martin Alberto Savi; Ribeiro, Marcelo Perencin de Arruda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381402687491195; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2036132362455750
Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) are nondigestible oligosaccharides composed of chains of 2 to 8 units of galactose and glucose. Their production starts with lactose, an abundant byproduct of the dairy industry, via an enzymatic reaction known as β-galactosidase-catalyzed lactose transgalactosylation, generating a complex mixture of di-, tri-, and tetrasaccharides. Key benefits of GOS include the stimulation of the intestinal microbiota, the blocking of pathogen adhesion in the digestive tract, and the enhancement of mineral absorption. In addition to their physiological effects, GOS are widely applied in food formulations due to their high water solubility, thermal stability, and resistance to pH variations. These characteristics make GOS highly attractive to the food industry and motivate the development of optimized processes for their production. Such processes, when operated at scale, require effective reactor control to minimize product losses from hydrolysis and determine a satisfactory stopping point for batch processes. This highlights the need for robust and precise monitoring methods capable of providing real-time process information. Direct online measurement techniques, such as spectrometric methods, can provide real-time measurements of some process variables. However, these techniques have limitations both in terms of the variables they can measure and the noise present in their measurements, which can restrict their usefulness for control purposes. By combining a fundamental model of the system with online measurements, it is possible to leverage more system information, thereby achieving improved monitoring and control performance. This combination is enabled through state estimators which, in general, first perform a prior estimate of the state based on the model and then receive a system measurement and apply a correction, providing a posterior estimate. The present study seeks to explore the capabilities of two types of state estimators - the Particle Filter (PF) and the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) - for performing real-time monitoring of a GOS synthesis, described mathematically by a kinetic model and measured using a UVVis probe. Despite the greater complexity and computational cost of the PF, the results showed that, when starting from well-defined initial conditions with low uncertainty, the performance of both estimators was similar. However, when using an initial condition far from reality and with higher uncertainty, the PF showed superior performance compared to the EKF, converging more rapidly to the experimental data and achieving errors approximately half those obtained by the EKF for most of the estimated species.
Síntese de biolubrificantes a partir de ésteres isoamílicos epoxidados como estratégia de melhoria de desempenho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Hasegawa, Felipe Shin; Tardioli, Paulo Waldir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0808991927126468; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5011-9881; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7437003701541628
Lubricants are of paramount importance in all facets of modern industries. Most are of fossil or mineral origin, which makes the production chain of such materials harmful to the environment. These resources are finite and, although it may take time, they will eventually run out. In this context, biolubricants emerge as a viable alternative to traditional lubricants due to their biodegradability and the possibility of being produced from renewable sources. One possibility is the production of biolubricants from ester synthesized with castor oil. This involves first undergoing hydrolysis reactions of the castor oil, catalyzed by an enzyme Eversa Transform 2.0 to obtain free fatty acids from the oil, a process that had a conversion rate of 86%. This is followed by esterification reactions, also catalyzed by Eversa Transform 2.0, of these fatty acids with isoamyl alcohol, obtained from fusel oil, a byproduct of ethanol production, which had a conversion rate of 81%. Finally, epoxidation reactions of the formed ester were conducted as a strategy to improve its performance as a biolubricant. This epoxidation reaction yielded 14% of epoxidized ester. This work discusses the main challenges of biolubricant as well as ways to mitigate these challenges.
Análise do comportamento de secagem do óxido de ferro em estufa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Macedo, Luís Felipe de; Pádua, Thiago Faggion de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8909812973749651; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0694-6991
The present Final Course Project, entitled “Drying Behavior Analysis of Iron Oxide in an Oven”, proposes the study and characterization of the drying process of two important inorganic pigments widely used in industry: yellow iron oxide (Goethite, α-FeOOH) and black iron oxide (Magnetite, Fe3O4). The drying stage is a fundamental unit operation in the manufacture of pigments, exerting direct influence on the properties of the final product, such as crystallinity, particle size, and tinting strength. The main objective of this work was to analyze the variation of moisture content and the drying rate of samples of these materials in an oven under controlled temperature conditions, aiming to obtain empirical data to optimize energy efficiency and processing time. Gravimetric tests were conducted at temperatures of 100 °C, 110 °C, and120 °C. The theoretical foundations indicate that the structural differences between Goethite, an oxyhydroxide with high affinity for water, and Magnetite, an anhydrous oxide with a compact structure, are determining factors for their kinetic behavior. The experimental results confirmed that Goethite exhibited higher moisture retention and a longer drying time, with kinetics predominantly in the falling-rate period, limited by internal diffusion of bound moisture. Magnetite, on the other hand, demonstrated a significantly faster drying process. Increasing the temperature from 100 °C to120 °C resulted in a reduction of the total drying time for both samples. It was concluded that the drying process of Magnetite is more favorable in terms of speed and potentially energy consumption, providing important comparative results that serve as a reliable starting point for the analysis and further investigation of the materials in question.
Desenvolvimento de biocompósitos PLA/PBS/Biocargas para impressão 3d de scaffolds para engenharia de tecidos ósseos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Lima, Luana Caroline Góis; Pessan, Luiz Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8276650236213537; Backes, Eduardo Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6407713491620749; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2604-686X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8669420128383060; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9387-4481; Marini, Juliano; Barud, Hernane da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4533610255047654; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7020467292690112; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2351-3477; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9081-2413
The increasing demand for bone implants to treat diseases or injuries has driven the search for new approaches capable of providing functional substitutes. These solutions, known as scaffolds, aim to address tissue scarcity and adapt in a personalized manner to the individual needs of each patient. To be effective, these scaffolds must exhibit biocompatibility, controlled bioresorbability, mechanical stability, and the ability to promote cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Therefore, this study aimed to develop biocomposite scaffolds composed of a blend of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) in a 75:25 (% w/w) ratio, incorporating two biofillers: β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) or bone powder (BP). The biocomposites were produced by melt mixing in an internal mixer and subsequently subjected to rheological and thermal characterizations before being used to manufacture 3D-printed scaffolds. The incorporation of biofillers resulted in a small reduction in the viscosity and thermal stability of the blend, indicating possible polymer degradation induced by the addition of these biofillers. Despite this, the 3D printing process demonstrated excellent morphological reproducibility, resulting in scaffolds with adequate structural integrity for bone repair applications. Mechanical tests revealed that the addition of biofillers (10% and 20% w/w) did not significantly enhance mechanical performance and ensured compatibility with natural bone tissue. In vitro cytotoxicity tests, performed with mouse pre-osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1), confirmed the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, evidenced by good cell adhesion and the absence of toxic effects. The results indicate that PLA/PBS (75/25) scaffolds with TCP and BP have great potential for applications in bone tissue engineering, as they combine processability, mechanical stability, and bioactivity.
NodeRock: uma abordagem para seleção de testes suscetíveis a event races em projetos Node.js
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Vicente, Pedro Vinícius Guandalini; Endo, André Takeshi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4221336619791961; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-1749; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7353430837546552; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3825-5082
The Node.js platform is widely used for JavaScript applications, employing an asynchronous execution model that is essential for its performance. However, the non-determinism of this model can lead to event races, which are subtle and hard-to-reproduce concurrency bugs that compromise software reliability. Current approaches to detect event races often require exhaustive analyses on the entire test suite, resulting in high computational costs and a lack of effective mechanisms to select and prioritize automated tests that are more susceptible to event races. This work proposes and evaluates an approach called NodeRock, which uses dynamic analysis to identify and select tests susceptible to event races in Node.js projects. NodeRock collects detailed execution traces, extracts a set of 15 dynamic features that characterize asynchronous behavior, and uses machine learning to select the tests. The results provide evidence that the approach identifies tests susceptible to event races with 75% accuracy and recall exceeding 84%, suggesting that the analysis of dynamic metrics is a promising strategy for prioritizing the investigation of these tests.
Grupos de educação em saúde para gestantes na atenção primária à saúde no brasil: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Magalhães, Caren Evellyne Freire; Fornereto, Alana de Paiva Nogueira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0361502737203825
Introduction: Pregnancy is a period in which uncertainties, fears, and anxieties may emerge, in addition to confrontation with myths lacking scientific evidence and the changes that occur in the social context and, especially, within the pregnant woman’s family environment. Primary Health Care (PHC) is responsible for comprehensive, continuous, and person-, family-, and community-centered care. In this context, educational groups are understood as resources that provide biological, social, and psychological care, creating a space for the exchange of experiences, support, empowerment, sharing of doubts, and strengthening of bonds among pregnant women, family members, and health professionals. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the implementation of Health Education Groups for Pregnant Women in Primary Health Care in Brazil through a literature review. Methodology: The search for theoretical references was conducted in the CAPES Journal Portal, which initially identified 192 studies; of these, 33 were analyzed in depth, and 29 met the inclusion criteria. Results: The findings of the review made it possible to propose updates and suggestions that may contribute to improving the quality of the Ministry of Health’s guiding materials by incorporating new and emerging themes that are still scarcely addressed in pregnancy groups. The studies also showed that these groups contribute to improving the quality of prenatal care, expanding pregnant women’s knowledge, strengthening autonomy and self-care, and including the family in the gestational process. Conclusion: Educational groups for pregnant women in PHC in Brazil are essential tools for promoting a safer and more humanized pregnancy. In this sense, the results of this review support and expand the focus of current policy, demonstrating that pregnancy groups in PHC have the potential to meet contemporary demands proposed by the Alyne Network. Furthermore, the renewal of themes highlights the relevance of integrating Occupational Therapy into this context.
Curima a mucanda vavuro! Pelo direito à educação escolar quilombola: saberes em confluências, histórias de vida e demandas emergentes no Quilombo Cafundó (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Garcia, Vanessa Ferreira; Santos, Maria Walburga dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2954227254025696; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9964848917453838; Souza, Márcia Lúcia Anacleto de; Soares, Edimara Gonçalves; Souza, Fernanda Cristina; Martins, Marcos Franscisco; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0802984059610154; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8176016559367424; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6201844080308330; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4515924584428591
This study arises from the concerns, knowledge exchanges, and questions experienced within the Quilombo Cafundó community, located in Salto de Pirapora (SP), Brazil. The case study was developed from the extension project “Roots and Resistances,” focused on adult literacy, which has been active since 2017. The main objective of this research is to analyze how the absence of a school in the Quilombo Cafundó territory and the limited access to quilombola school education impact the life trajectories of quilombola residents, in dialogue with the knowledge exchanges between a teacher/researcher and community members. This qualitative study was guided by Stake’s (1995) case study methodology and oral life history interviews (Meihy; Holanda, 2023), emphasizing the memories and narratives of residents. The interviews focused on access to education and the possibilities of continuing and completing basic education. Notably, the community lacks a quilombola school, and students attend nearby schools. The study is grounded in the reflections of Antonio Bispo dos Santos (Nêgo Bispo) (2015, 2018, 2023), translator and recorder of quilombola knowledge, and his concept of counter-colonization. The research frames education as a space for knowledge sharing and confluence, reaffirming ancestral practices and quilombola ways of learning and teaching. The study further examines how quilombola school education, as recommended by the National Curriculum Guidelines for Quilombola School Education in Basic Education (2012), is being implemented, or not, in the Cafundó community. Findings contribute to expanding research on quilombola education and strengthening public policies that recognize the knowledge, historical, and social relevance of quilombos.
Modelagem e otimização de protótipo de controlador fuzzy de temperatura para cultivo de microalgas em fotobiorreator para biodiesel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Conceição, Alessandro Hiroyuki Iwai Da; Horta, Antonio Carlos Luperni; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5923938048634505; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7309066653167795
This project modeled and optimized a prototype of a fuzzy temperature controller for use in microalgae cultivation in a photobioreactor, employing Simulated Annealing for controller tuning and optimization of the fuzzy defuzzification equations. The prototype consisted of a thermal bath with two temperature sensors, a vessel with electric heating, a cooling water vessel, a water pump, a solenoid valve, and the use of an open-source prototyping platform in C++ (Arduino), LabVIEW for thermal control supervision, and MATLAB for system modeling and optimization. The fuzzy controller was developed using temperature membership functions: Very Low, Low, Optimal, High, and Very High. These parameters were incorporated into the manipulation of electrical heating power, associated with adjustable constants, so that the optimizer could tune the controller to maintain the photobioreactor temperature as close as possible to the desired value. For cooling, the membership functions were also incorporated into the manipulation of the cold-water valve opening, along with other constants. To optimize the constants used in the fuzzy logic, the system developed experimentally was modeled in MATLAB using an energy balance and the Simulated Annealing optimization method. As a result, it was possible to determine the best parameters for the defuzzification equations of this system for application in the temperature controller prototype.
Fundamentos da extrusão termoplástica de pet food: uma revisão com base em literatura acadêmica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Franceschini, João Rafael Bortoti; Ferreira, Maria do Carmo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070885875161111; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6943528500797896
Pet food industry is experiencing significant growth in Brazil and worldwide, demanding efficient production processes and high-quality nutritional products. Thermoplastic extrusion is the main method of processing dry food for dogs and cats and the main operation in the production process. The objective of this study was to gather and analyze the fundamental technical aspects of pet food extrusion through a literature review supplemented by knowledge obtained during an internship at a dry pet food factory. The literature was compiled and analyzed to gather the main effects of raw materials and process parameters on processing conditions and extrudate quality. The analysis demonstrates that extrusion is not an isolated unit operation, but a system dependent on preceding steps, where particle size and mixture homogeneity directly influence process stability. Biochemical composition has significant impact on melt rheology: starch acts on the structure and expansion; proteins alter viscosity and mechanical energy demand; lipids act as lubricants; fibers modify the final texture and require more water. Controlling moisture content of the dough and efficiently applying thermal energy (steam) in the preconditioner are fundamental to optimizing cooking, reducing the mechanical energy demand in the extruder barrel. Physical configuration of the screw and its parameters determine shear rate and cooking. Die plate applies final mechanical energy as it controls expansion rate and kibble size and shape alongside with knife setup.
Saberes e fazeres cotidianos na promoção de saúde mental entre e com mulheres
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Xavier, Maria Eduarda de Freitas; Minatel, Martha Morais; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3621113172277748
This final course project (TCC) is part of a larger Scientific and Technological project and focuses on mental health and the intersectionalities of gender, class, and race, intending to study the promotion of mental health among and with women in peripheral areas through everyday knowledge and practices. Goals: This research aimed to identify, understand, and analyze with a group of women the activities they perform in their daily lives to promote care and mental health for themselves and other women. Methodology: This was a qualitative, participatory study conducted with a group of seven women who are members of a community collective and residents of a peripheral region of a municipality in the interior of the state of São Paulo. Data was collected through four meetings. Data analysis was carried out in a procedural manner, together with the women, so that each meeting could be aligned with the previous one. All syntheses were constructed and validated collectively, as they constituted the new knowledge produced by the participants with the support of the responsible researchers. Results: The results that were explored in depth and presented in this final project point to the importance of denaturalizing care by women, revealing the intersections that traverse it, the possibilities of access or lack thereof, the problematization surrounding care practices and their analysis, indicating that the act of caring for women is a revolutionary act, often not performed even to ensure one's own life. It is considered that the study provided important insights for thinking about women's health within the SUS, providing clues for the construction of participatory and popular care technologies. Finally, it is indicated that the work contributed to the fields of Mental Health and Occupational Therapy, Popular Education in Health, Psychosocial Care, and other areas that work with women living in vulnerable regions.
Um olhar crítico sobre a atenção a saúde das populações indígenas no Brasil: o que aborda a literatura atual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Ladino, Amapola Pereira; Fornereto, Alana de Paiva Nogueira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0361502737203825
The health of Indigenous populations is a topic that remains underexplored in the health field, especially with regard to policies that guide the provision of differentiated care for these groups. Understanding such policies and Indigenous health care practices is essential for Occupational Therapy professionals and other health professionals to promote intercultural care that respects the cultural specificities of each people/ethnic group. Currently, it is estimated that approximately 1.6 million Indigenous people live in Brazil, belonging to more than 300 ethnic groups and speaking 274 different languages. These groups face historical and contemporary challenges related to the guarantee of their rights, ways of life, and cultures, which are marked by prejudice and stereotypes. Objective: To identify and analyze the existing literature on the implementation of practices and strategies carried out by health professionals with Indigenous social groups, as well as to understand how the National Policy for Health Care of Indigenous Peoples (PNASPI) has been addressed and implemented in this context. Methodology: This study consists of a literature review conducted using the integrative review method, with the aim of highlighting how health professionals have provided care to Indigenous populations. The review seeks to understand which care practices and interventions have been implemented, as well as how the National Policy for Health Care of Indigenous Peoples has been put into practice. The selection of materials included different types of academic productions, with no restrictions regarding the period of publication.
Simulação da produção de combustível de aviação sustentável (SAF) pela rota de álcool para querosene (ATJ) com o programa COCO Simulator
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Hayasida, Lucas Funashina; Bernardo, André; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708
The aviation transportation industry continues to expand, resulting in a significant increase in global kerosene consumption. As an alternative to mitigate the emissions and environmental impacts associated with this growth, sustainable methods for producing green aviation kerosene have been developed. In this context, this work analyzes the application of the CAPE-OPEN to CAPE-OPEN (COCO) simulator to model the production route of green kerosene from alcohol, using operational data from a plant with an annual capacity of 6,000 barrels, based on the study by Teixeira (2024). Additionally, an economic analysis of the current green kerosene landscape in Brazil is presented, considering the different production routes already established and certified, their limitations, and the market opportunities they offer. The results indicate that the simulator is suitable for future studies; however, there are limitations related to the ChemSep database integrated into the program. In some cases, an extensive search for thermodynamic property data is required for substances not included in the downloadable database. Regarding the established production routes, they appear technically promising but are not yet commercially viable in the current context, highlighting the need for continued research and government economic incentives.
Inteligência artificial aplicada ao controle de biorreatores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Reis, Bruna Fagá; Béttega, Rodrigo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1379682125857376
This work analyzes the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in process control in bioreactors, with emphasis on fermentation vats used in the sugarcane-based ethanol industry. The research was conducted through a literature review and comparative analysis of studies developed at the University of São Paulo (USP) and the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), which apply artificial neural networks integrated with Model Predictive Control (MPC) strategies. Additionally, a bibliometric analysis was performed using the Cytoscape software, enabling the mapping of research evolution and the identification of emerging trends. The results indicate that the use of AI in this type of control provides significant gains in stability, robustness, and efficiency, particularly in multivariable and nonlinear systems, such as biotechnological processes. The incorporation of techniques such as soft sensors, digital twins, and hybrid models expands predictive capability and operational flexibility, representing an advance toward Industry 4.0. The study also shows that the adoption of these technologies in ethanol plants is an interesting alternative to improve energy efficiency and productivity. However, the research also indicates that there are still challenges related to data availability, model interpretability, and the integration of new systems with existing industrial infrastructure.
Análise de inflamabilidade da oxidação direta do metano para metanol com O2 e CO2 sob a ótica do design inerentemente seguro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Garcia, André Luis Ribeiro; Ferreira Palhares, Adriana Paula; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5736423072715628; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1783-1973; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3867655281195785
The conversion of methane to methanol through chemical looping reactions represents a current challenge that involves several requirements to become economically viable. Recent research highlights the advantages of conducting oxidations with the use of mild oxidizing agents instead of strong ones; however, the literature tends to focus on the consequences for selectivity and reaction conversion, while lacking studies that address process safety. The objective of this work was to investigate the safety benefits of replacing molecular oxygen with carbon dioxide as the oxidizing agent in the direct oxidation of methane to methanol, under the framework of Inherent Safer Design principles. The flammability analysis was conducted theoretically using Le Chatelier’s Mixing Rule, a reliable method for the context of this study and one already applied under similar conditions in the literature. Based on this approach, the flammability limits of the reaction mixture were calculated for both O₂ and CO₂ as oxidizing agents, and their behavior was examined under variations in temperature, pressure, and composition. The calculations were performed using Python programming, and the results were graphically organized with the aid of Origin Pro software. Flammability diagrams were constructed to compare the flammable zones of reactions using O₂ and CO₂, as well as the theoretical influence of temperature and pressure on these hazardous regions. In addition to explosion risks, carbon monoxide emission levels were analyzed, and the CO emissions from oxidation reactions specifically employing carbon dioxide were compared against occupational legislation and safety standards. The findings of this study support the hypothesis that the oxidation process using CO₂ is inherently safer than the one using O₂. This conclusion is indicated by the absence of flammable zones for the reaction mixture oxidized by carbon dioxide, as well as by the effect of CO₂ on the flammability limits of methane in air. Such a substitution of oxidants could be integrated into the future industrial-scale application of a chemical looping reaction that is both safer and economically viable.
Formação continuada de professores e educação: o que revelam as produções acadêmicas do período de 2015-2024
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-12-08) Ávila, Aldrey Iala; Dainez, Débora; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4671868444231806; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8223-098X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6725273462459172
El presente trabajo, presentado como requisito parcial para la finalización del curso de Pedagogía de la Universidad Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, tiene como objetivo identificar y analizar la producción de conocimiento sobre la formación continuada de maestros orientada a la Educación Especial en el período de 2015 a 2024, destacando los principales desafíos que persisten. La investigación se basó en el análisis de tesis y disertaciones, adoptando la metodología cualitativa de tipo bibliográfica, con el propósito de responder a la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿Qué dicen las producciones académicas, producidas entre los años 2015-2024, sobre los desafíos encontrados en la formación continuada de maestros en relación con la Educación Especial? Se considera que la formación continua es central para la implementación de prácticas pedagógicas inclusivas, convirtiendo al maestro en un agente activo de la inclusión cuando dispone de espacios de reflexión crítica, intercambio de experiencias y fundamentación teórica. Además, se destaca que la formación debe estar articulada con las políticas públicas, las condiciones concretas de las escuelas y la organización del trabajo docente, garantizando prácticas pedagógicas críticas, transformadoras y capaces de atender a la diversidad presente en las clases.