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A new strategy to mitigate herbicide contamination: decentralized electrochemical treatment of real glyphosate-contaminated wastewater
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-04-07) Mandelli, Cecília Montanha; Sgarbi, Ricardo; Oliveira, Kaíque Souza Gonçalves Cordeiro; Oliveira, Gabriel Palace; Ruotolo, Luis Augusto Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5876631381345673; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2388966785886132; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6356966306748719; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1673878870180835; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6167735734348703
Electrochemical treatment of wastewater is a promising way to reduce organic pollutant loads. The herbicide glyphosate is extensively used in agriculture, so the washing of its containers generates substantial volumes of harmful effluents. This study investigates the optimal conditions for electrolysis of a real glyphosate-contaminated wastewater, considering treatment time, energy consumption, and operational costs. Experiments were conducted using an electrochemical flow reactor fitted with a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode. A factorial design was employed to evaluate the effects of current density (10–30 mA cm−2) and initial organic load (100–300 mg TOC L−1). Monitoring was performed of total organic carbon (TOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and cell potential. The use of a low-cost turbulence promoter (plastic mesh) improved mass transfer, enhanced mineralization efficiency, and reduced energy consumption, while the control of temperature had a minimal influence. Application of a current density of 30 mA cm−2 provided the best balance between treatment duration and energy efficiency. Predictive models were developed to estimate the electrolysis time and specific electrochemical energy consumption (SEEC). Operational cost related to electrochemical energy consumption ranged from USD 1.71 m−3 to USD 7.09 m−3, with values between USD 2.89 m−3 and USD 5.77 m−3 obtained for wastewater containing 300 mgTOC L−1 treated at 30 mA cm−2, demonstrating the feasibility of the process, even with a high organic load. These findings contribute to the development of optimized and cost-effective electrooxidation systems for the treatment of pesticide-contaminated effluents, supporting the sustainable management of agricultural wastewater.
Entre o liberalismo e o dirigismo democrático: a Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1946 e a gênese constitucional do desenvolvimentismo brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-04-07) Souza, José Augusto Marques de; Cepêda, Vera Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4917331423373631; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1629566453277162; Gumiero, Rafael Gonçalves; Cannone, Helio Maurício Pirajá; Casalecchi, Gabriel Ávila; Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3606249612497573; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1423607838076234; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9759794253878555; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215
This thesis examines the formation of the economic order in the Brazilian Constitution of 1946 through an analysis of the political and institutional dynamics of the National Constituent Assembly. It argues that the 1946 Constitution cannot be adequately understood through traditional dichotomous classification, such as liberal restoration versus authoritarian interventionist continuity, and should instead be interpreted as the outcome of a complex constitutional decision produced under conditions of structural conflict, political pluralism, and the need for democratic stabilization. The research adopts an analytical framework that combines constitutional theory, institutional analysis, and normative examination, shifting the focus from the constitutional text in isolation to the institutional mediations that filtered ideas, interests, and economic projects during the constituent process. It demonstrates that the constitutionalization of the economic order did not result from an arbitrary ideological choice, but from the historical recognition of the insufficiency of market mechanisms to address the structural challenges of Brazilian development. The dissertation contends that the 1946 The Constitution consolidated and legitimized state intervention and economic planning without abandoning the market economy or political freedoms. Normative ambiguity is interpreted as a deliberate constitutional technique for deferring and managing conflict, allowing the coexistence of competing projects within a single legal framework and contributing to democratic stability.