Mapeamento, espacialização e caracterização do componente arbóreo na paisagem de assentamentos

Abstract

The use of land for agriculture has altered the natural elements of the landscape. And the maintenance of forest areas, as well as the development of sustainable agricultural practices, has already been affirmed as urgent in combating and reversing environmental degradation processes, seeking to promote ecological balance. Studying agroecosystems inserted in rural settlements reveals their potential in different contexts and enables new ways of organizing them, contributing to the ecological and economic potential in these places and improving the sustainability of productive systems. This work is divided into two chapters, the objective of which was to study the tree component present in the agrarian reform settlements in the municipality of Araras (SP). The first quantifies this component and analyzes its arrangement and distribution, evaluating its insertion in productive systems and its contribution to improving connectivity in the landscape. And the second, identifies the tree species cultivated and maintained by family farmers, their role in productive systems and in the local way of life; as well as understanding the relationship that farmers have with the tree component within their plots. The landscape of the settlements is fragmented and has many patches of small sizes, however the tree components present within the lots contribute to the increase in tree cover and connectivity in the landscape. And it is clear that the desire and relationship of the settlers to own trees in their agro-ecosystems, brings wealth and also an abundance of species to the landscape of the settlements, thus contributing to the increase and conservation of local biodiversity, helping in the transformation and development of the same.