Diagnóstico geral das atividades antropogênicas e dos problemas ambientais associados em uma sub-bacia hidrográfica de primeira ordem inserida na Fazenda Lagoa do Sino - UFSCar

Abstract

The study of environmental changes resulting from the agricultural activities sector is important to ensure the quality of life, conservation of natural resources and the planning of proper use and management of these resources. In this way, the productive capacity of soils and the quality of water resources can be maintained together with environmental conservation, enabling sustainable development, without proven and irreparable damage to the environment. In this context, the present work had as main objective the characterization of the different land uses of a first order hydrographic sub-basin located in the city of Buri (SP), as well as the determination of the environmental problems associated with them. At first, a study area and its drainage system were previously delimited. Subsequently, based on photointerpretation spatial and temporal assessments associated with field works were carried out, which allowed the preparation of relevant cartographic documents, as well as an inventory of the environmental problems and agricultural management techniques identified. The results obtained in the different stages made it possible to draw hypotheses to the origin of the identified problems and correlate them with the activities of use and occupation. It was also possible to assess the efficiency of agricultural management techniques already implemented, aimed at correcting, mitigating and/or recovering environmental problems. After analyzing the results, it was possible to indicate conservation practices for correction, mitigation and/or recovery of the environmental problems verified in the area. Finally, it was verified that a sub-basin is mostly composed of irrigated and rainfed agriculture, which occupy 59.87% of the total area, and have considerable environmental problems, especially the reduction of water availability. In general, these environmental problems reflect the application of inadequate agricultural management practices, which indicates the need for environmental adequacy, in terms of sustainability and legislation.