Associação de programas de controle de plantas daninhas para a roçagem ecológica em citros

Abstract

Brazil is the second largest citrus producer in the world, reaching production of 19.6 million tons in the 2019 harvest, but it is the largest global producer of oranges with production of 262.97 million boxes. However, the productivity of culture can present great variation due to the influence of biotic factors, such as weeds that stand out as one of the most limiting aspects. the mowing ecological has proved to be an interesting option to control weeds in citrus orchards, however, lacks information about the interaction with other types of control and with residual herbicides. In this way, the present work aimed to determine the proper management of weeds, through use of mulch with integration of weed control methods more suitable. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, with four replications in a split-plot scheme, in which the plots were divided by different types of mowing: ecological (ECO) and conventional (CONV); and the subplots divided by control strategies (TEST, mechanical control (CM), pre-emergent herbicides (PRE), post-emergent herbicides (POST), the mixture of pre- and post-emergent (PRE+POST), and duality herbicides pre- and post-emergence (P/P). The following were evaluated: biomass deposition, density of weeds, and for citrus plants, the canopy volume, productivity and productive efficiency. The ECO treatment promoted greater deposition of biomass in the planting row, obtaining a significant effect on weed control. Associated with ECO, the PRE control programs and PRE+POST method are highlighted with the best results in relation to plant density. How much to vegetative development, there were no variations, however, the use of PRE+POST associated with ECO promoted greater production for citrus plants. It is concluded that there is a positive interaction between ecological mowing with different modalities of weed control, physical or chemical, but that the use of herbicides residuals together with post-emergent ones promotes greater control of plants weeds over time and productivity of Hamlin orange plants.