Especificação de requisitos no domínio de sistemas de informação com o uso de padrões

Abstract

Studies show that the main causes of failures in software projects are related to the requirements specification document that contains incomplete, inconsistent and ambiguous requirements. The software development with quality requires a complete and consistent requirements specification. One of the problems faced by software engineers is that, sometimes, they do not know completely the application domain and have difficulty in communication with stakeholders to obtain the requirements specification. The knowledge reuse obtained from completed projects can facilitate the identification and writing of requirements in the elaboration of a complete and consistent requirements document. In the information systems domain it is common to find a set of requirements that has similar characteristics, which is present in different systems, indicating a possible requirement pattern. The advantage of using requirements patterns is provide to the software engineer a starting point for the elaboration of the requirements document, instead of starting from scratch to solve known problems. The requirements patterns can contribute to the improvement of software quality, minimizing the development time and cost, because previously defined and tested solutions are reused. In this dissertation it was developed a set of requirements patterns to assist the software engineer in the elaboration of requirements document of information systems. In order to facilitate and standardize the requirements document elaborated it was also developed a computational support based in that set of patterns. Case studies were used to evaluate the patterns and the computational support, with graduate students of UFSCar and UEMG, aiming prove the effectiveness of this proposal, as wellas to identify possible improvements. Analyzing the case studies conducted, it can be inferred that there is evidence that the elaborated patterns assist in the elaboration of a more complete requirements document, that the computational support is easy to use, and that there was an increased productivity, mainly of inexperienced developers.