Capacitação profissional da rede socioassistencial para atendimento de mulheres vítimas de violência: estudo de viabilidade

Abstract

Violence against women is a universal phenomenon that affects groups of women of different origins, education, races and other social markers that interact and intersect. The phenomenon presents itself in different ways and according to Brazilian law it can be classified into five types of violence: physical, moral, psychological, property and sexual. Furthermore, violence against women is also gender-based violence, as it highlights inequalities in the treatment between men and women. These inequalities are often naturalized and create more suffering for women victims when they are subjected to these invalidating contexts. This is a topic of great importance for health care and promotion, given that this violence affects a large part of the population and generates individual and collective losses. Among the mechanisms for coping and preventing this type of violence, we can mention the training of professionals. The objective of this work was to develop, apply and evaluate the feasibility of a psychosocial training course for professionals and students from small and medium-sized cities in the interior of São Paulo. This is a mixed design study with a single intervention group and pre- and post-test assessments. The selection of participants was carried out through publicity on partner services and social networks. The training was applied in six meetings with fortnightly online intervals using focal discussions on pre-determined topics based on a literature review study. Five instruments were used: (1) Sociodemographic Questionnaire; (2) Married Life Beliefs Scale (ECVC, 2008); (3) VIRGINIA – Vignettes on gender violence; (4) Meeting Evaluation Sheets and (5) Meeting Review Activities. Data on participants' perception of gender-based violence were collected through instruments 2 and 3. Feasibility analysis was carried out considering criteria extracted from Durgante and Dell'Aglio (2018) which were used as a reference for the construction of instruments 4 and 5 The qualitative data were analyzed according to the thematic analysis proposed by Bardin (1970). The intervention group consisted of 12 participants, named here P1-P12. Participant retention was 76.5%. The sample was considered homogeneous, mostly white, female and with higher education, which made comparative analyzes difficult. Regarding the effect of the intervention on the perception of gender-based violence, the data showed no significant differences between the pre- and post-test. However, there was greater variability in responses regarding actions taken and case referrals after the intervention, in addition to a lower rate of doubts tracked by the VIRGINIA instrument. The course presented high scores in evaluations made by participants for all categories tracked by the training evaluation instruments. The use of case studies and the course content were considered positive highlights of the training. It was considered that based on the criteria adopted, the training could be considered viable. It is thought that with the appropriate changes the course could be applied again and subjected to effectiveness evaluation