O trabalho de ofício no pensamento pedagógico contemporâneo

Abstract

The advance of pedagogical thinking supposes beforehand a more intelligible elucidation of the relationship between work and education. In the current sociability, despite the hegemony of industrialism and machinery, the craftsmanship of the past still remains in different ways and plays an important role in the formation of education. Thus, the role played by craftsmanship in Education is the main subject under investigation in this thesis. Also, the general goal is to investigate the purpose, content and form of craftsmanship in contrast with industrial work in order to criticize the aims of the former set by the studies on Education. The main idea is that the precedence of craftsmanship in pedagogical thinking hinders and delays the social function of school education as well as the integral development of generations. This study carried out a literature research that combined the method of investigation with the method of exposition by presenting results intrinsically linked to the corpus. The theoretical perspective is based on the Marxist tradition, in special on the studies conducted by Karl Marx and Antonio Gramsci. The thesis was organized into three chapters: (1) "Craftsmanship in the 'shadows' of industrial work"; (2) "The heritage of craftsmanship in contemporary Education"; and (3) "Challenges for the contemporary pedagogical thinking". The conclusion remits to the identification of three problems: (1) the contradictory aspects of craftsmanship; (2) the allurement of the pedagogical principle based on experience; and (3) the mismatch between the pedagogical principles based on work and experience. Four fundamentals were established following the problems which were pointed out in the conclusion: (1) the great theme of contemporary pedagogy is the relationship between work and education; (2) craftsmanship holds precedence in the contemporary pedagogical thinking; (3) the cursed legacy of craftsmanship jeopardizes the universalist character of pedagogical thinking, risking the social function of school education and the integral development of generations; and (4) as the current pedagogical studies can be understood as an affirmative proposal for human formation and school education and as a mediator between mankind and cultural work, their challenge is to detect the contradictions resulting from this ideological operation and suggest new ways to overcome them. It is also said that work - vital activity and pedagogical principle is an open book for the objectivation of mankind s generic life and for the school education in which the contemporary of our time is formed.