O uso pedagógico das tecnologias da informação e comunicação na formação de professores: uma experiência na licenciatura em matemática

Abstract

There are several issues related to the pedagogical use of technologies for the construction of knowledge in the current Brazilian education system. Some pass through large and complex issues, such as the transmission of trend change instruction conducted through blackboard and chalk for a reality involving the use of digital technologies as mediators of this process. In this scenario, the future teacher lacks experience in their formative process, the pedagogical use of technology to be able to incorporate them into their lessons. There are several challenges to this incorporation into the teaching-learning process, since simple computerization of school environment does not guarantee the desired benefits. This study assumes that the pedagogical use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) contributes enhancing, facilitating and encouraging the teaching of Mathematics and should be part of initial and continuing teacher training. So this research has the main objective to analyze, from the point of view of the participants in a formative experience, contributions and limits the insertion of the pedagogical use of technology in teacher training so that they can reflect on and use them as a teaching tool in Basic Education in their future professional activities. The theoretical framework for this teacher training focuses on the use of technology in the initial training of teachers of Mathematics and the pedagogical use of ICT. More specifically, it assumes the Lee Shulman knowledge bases and the TPACK framework (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge and Technological Knowledge and Pedagogical Content) Koehler and Mishra. Data were produced by 12 undergraduate students who attended a formative experience over the past year students for a Degree in Mathematics. In this experience they had the opportunity to select digital tools and teach specific classes in detail planned for the computer lab. In a later stage, a couple of interns pedagogically used GeoGebra software for teaching quadratic functions for two 1st year of high school classes. Data were obtained through the application of a pool to characterize the subjects and daily researcher and diaries of the participants followed for the practical classes were prepared, as well as interviews from semi-structured pool. The qualitative analysis was organized in a way that links aspects of learning and difficulties that participants had regarding the selection of technologies and their use in simulated classes or basic education, in the computer lab during the supervised training. The results show learnings, indicate potential and limits on the use of technologies and also emphasize the need for experience of undergraduate students in the pedagogical use of ICT so that they feel at ease in using them pedagogically throughout their careers.