Estrutura de comunidades de morcegos de cerrado do estado de São Paulo, Sudeste do Brasil : padrões de diversidade e de vulnerabilidade das espécies

Abstract

The bat community of the Jatai Ecologic Station region, Northeast of São Paulo State, was studied by comparing bat species surveys, in three forest fragments, to investigate the two components of species diversity, richness and abundance. Twentytwo bat species were recorded, with the sum of the species from the three fragments. Three phyllostomid species were dominant in two forest fragments, and two Molossidae species were dominant in other. Many bat species were rare. Species diversity obtained, measured by the Shannon index (He '), was similar in the three fragments, and close to the values of most studies of brazilian Southeastern bat communities (He’close to 2.0). This suggests constancy in the pattern of species diversity of bats in this region, and also in Southeastern Brazil. Of the 22 species recorded, four can be considered highly sensitive to the habitat fragmentation. The diversity achieved was significant, highlighting the value of these protected areas for the maintenance of local and regional biodiversity.

The Red List of IUCN (The IUCN Red List) has been used to provide information about the conservation status of the species worldwide, and the same subsidize jobs assigned to this issue, with special focus on endangered species. At the national level, ICMBio (Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation) has the same goal, to discuss the conservation status of the Brazilian species, developing lists that guide actions to protect them. Using the information provided by IUCN and ICMBio, and bats records in the cerrado, considering the Brazilian territory, here are discussed aspects of ecology and conservation of bat species, in order to clarify some aspects of interest in this topic. Using the spatial interpolation method (IDW) to estimate the possible value of species richness in places not sampled species, was evaluated knowledge about the species richness of occurrence of bats in the cerrado of Brazil.