Simulação clínica em ressuscitação cardiopulmonar para profissionais da saúde indígena

Abstract

Objective: to identify the effects of an educational activity on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in terms of knowledge, performance, and self-confidence among healthcare professionals working in indigenous regions. Method: cross-sectional and quasi-experimental study of the before and after type in a single group, developed at the Federal University of Pará – Altamira Campus and in the Miratu indigenous village, with a sample composed of 29 health professionals working in the care of the indigenous population. Data collection was carried out in February 2025, after the research was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee. Theoretical training, skills training, and simulated training were carried out using Clinical Simulation to teach Basic Life Support and the use of the Automated External Defibrillator. Knowledge was assessed before and after training using an instrument constructed with theoretical concepts on the subject, technical performance was assessed before and after the activity using an instrument to assess Basic Life Support behaviors and procedures and the use of the Automated External Defibrillator, and self-confidence was assessed before and after training using the Self-Confidence Scale. Descriptive analyses were performed for each item, statistical analyses of the difference in scores, with a significance value of p less than 0.05 (5%), evaluated using graphs and the Shapiro-Wilk, Wilcoxon, and Student's t-tests. and Quasi-Poisson regression was used to analyze the association between the participants' biographical and professional characteristics and their scores for knowledge, self-confidence, and performance. Results: there was a predominance of women (83%) and the age concentrated in the 35 to 44 age group (41%), the majority self-declared themselves as non-indigenous (83%), and there was a predominance of nursing technicians (59%) and nurses (34%). Statistical analysis between the moments before and after the intervention (p<0.001) suggested a positive impact of the theoretical activity, skills training, and simulation scenario on the participants' knowledge acquisition. The participants' performance improved significantly with a positive impact (p<0.01). There was a significant increase in self-confidence levels after the activity (p <0.01). Regarding the association of biographical and professional characteristics with participants' knowledge and self-confidence before and after the activities, the results showed that most of the variables analyzed did not present a statistically significant association with the outcome. For association with knowledge in the pre- and post-theoretical activity period, skills training, and simulation scenario, in general, no variable showed a statistically significant association. No variable had a statistically significant association with performance gain. As in the post-test model, there was a tendency for greater knowledge gain among indigenous participants, although without statistical significance. Conclusion: a statistically significant difference was identified in knowledge acquisition, there was a consistent improvement in participants' performance and a significant increase in self-confidence levels after the activity, suggesting that participants felt better prepared for a real-life experience of responding to a cardiac arrest and using an automated external defibrillator.