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Os padrões de metadados como recursos tecnológicos para a garantia da preservação digital
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017) Formenton, Danilo; Gracioso, Luciana de Souza; Castro, Fabiano Ferreira de; Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary; Simões, Maria da Graça de Melo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0625069342441295; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7124931056289027; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1226531375978630
A garantia de preservação digital a longo prazo só será possível com a adoção efetiva de padrões ou esquemas de metadados, pois são eles que determinarão a descrição, a representação, a consistência e a persistência do recurso/objeto digital no ambiente informacional, além de definir a interoperabilidade entre sistemas. A adoção de metadados para preservação apoia a administração dos processos relativos ao arquivamento e à manutenção do acesso à informação digital a longo prazo, com garantias de autenticidade, de integridade e de confiabilidade. Neste cenário, foi objetivo do trabalho identificar e descrever padrões ou esquemas de metadados que poderiam ser considerados por instituições que estão desenvolvendo seus repositórios institucionais, para que possam contemplar a preservação digital. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida pesquisa bibliográfica e sistematização e análise de conteúdo. Foram selecionados e analisados os seguintes esquemas e padrões de metadados: DUBLIN CORE, MODS, EAD, ANSI/NISO Z39.87, METS e o PREMIS. A análise dos resultados indica que os metadados descritivos e técnicos do DC, MODS, EAD e ANSI/NISO Z39.87 ou MIX, possuem um papel mais direcionado a amparar o METS e o PREMIS, tanto na descoberta e no registro dos aspectos técnicos do objeto digital, como na comprovação de sua procedência, autenticidade, contexto e integridade. Englobando metadados descritivos, estruturais, administrativos e de preservação do PREMIS, o METS pode gerir os objetos digitais atuando como um Pacote de Submissão de Informação (PSI), Pacote de Arquivamento de Informação (PAI) ou Pacote de Disseminação de Informação (PDI) num Sistema Aberto de Arquivamento de Informação (SAAI).
Vantagens de citação do acesso aberto em periódicos selecionados da ciência da informação: uma análise ampliada aos indicadores altmétricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017) Cintra, Paulo Roberto; Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary; Milanez, Douglas Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4162331040612067; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9233120345793647
Introdução: O acesso aberto diz respeito à literatura científica disponibilizada a qualquer usuário sem custos e livre das restrições de copyright e de licenciamento para seu reuso. Espera-se, de acordo com a hipótese do Open Access Citation Advantage, um aumento no número total de citações recebidas pelos artigos disponibilizados em acesso aberto com relação àqueles em acesso restrito. Objetivo: Analisar as possíveis vantagens de citações e menções na web social que o acesso aberto pode oferecer à área da Ciência da Informação. Metodologia: Foram analisados indicadores altmétricos e bibliométricos de citação de dois periódicos científicos: Journal of the American Society for Information Science e Scientometrics. A coleta dos dados foi realizada na Web of Science, Google Acadêmico, Altmetric.com e Mendeley. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que o acesso aberto oferece vantagem quanto ao número de citações e de menções na web social recebidas pelos artigos em ambos as revistas. Verificou-se também que essa vantagem se mantém ao longo dos anos. Conclusões: A investigação confirma a hipótese do Open Access Citation Advantage para os periódicos selecionados da área da Ciência da Informação e demonstra que essa vantagem se estende aos dados altmétricos.
A experiência docente na formação inicial de professores: uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre a importância de vivências práticas durante a graduação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017) Ricarte, Geovanni de Paula; Severino, Natália Búrigo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7473436068039477; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8214-5139
This study conducted a literature review of articles published in the ABEM Journal between 2012 and 2016 in order to examine how practical experiences and teaching experiences of undergraduate Music Education students are addressed during their initial teacher education. The study includes a brief literature review on initial teacher education and music teacher education, presenting some of the legal requirements established for teacher education programs that promote practical experiences throughout the training process. The findings indicate that, although only a limited number of studies were identified within the selected time frame, all of them emphasize the importance of providing opportunities for undergraduate music education students to connect theory and practice. Therefore, the reviewed studies highlight the need for teacher education programs in music to create spaces that foster the integration of theoretical knowledge and practical teaching experience.
Perspectivas para o uso da pesquisa observacional em biblioteca universitária: um estudo na coleção de periódicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017) Augusto, José Aparecido; Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary; Colepicolo, Eliane; Simionato, Ana Carolina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0759183881042624; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6390029520269072; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9896600626524397; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2344-4400
Analisa o uso da coleção de periódicos impressos em papel numa biblioteca universitária, por meio de pesquisa observacional estruturada, sistemática e não participante e também do levantamento de dados estatísticos de utilização, no período compreendido entre os anos de 2012 a 2015, junto à Biblioteca. Enquadra-se, academicamente, na grande área de “usos da informação e acervos”, com inspiração na contribuição intelectual de Lancaster e de outros grandes autores no campo de estudos de usuários. A partir dos dados obtidos, espera-se contribuir para um possível estabelecimento de uma política para readequação do espaço atualmente utilizado por este acervo de periódicos, visando colaborar com a comunidade acadêmica para estar em sintonia com as linhas de pesquisa e projetos desenvolvidos na Universidade.
Boi Curumim de Nazaré: um relato sobre a cultura popular tradicional de uma comunidade ribeirinha
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017) Figueiredo, Rafaela Lopes; Severino, Natália Búrigo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7473436068039477; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8214-5139
This study aimed to investigate and describe how a riverside community located in the rural area of Porto Velho, Rondônia, known as Nazaré, produces culture and, more specifically, performs the Boi Curumim, a popular cultural manifestation closely related to Bumba-meu-boi and Boi-Bumbá traditions. To this end, a study was conducted on traditional and riverside communities, as well as on the community of Nazaré, focusing on its cultural practices, musical manifestations, and modes of teaching and learning. Initially, an account is presented of my arrival in the community through NAPRA (Núcleo de Apoio às Comunidades Ribeirinhas da Amazônia – Center for Support to Amazonian Riverside Communities), an organization that operates in the region. Subsequently, the study discusses traditional and riverside populations and contextualizes the community of Nazaré based on surveys conducted by NAPRA and official sources. To support an understanding of research relating riverside communities to music education, a bibliographic survey was carried out to identify articles addressing the themes of Traditional Popular Culture and Music Education in four journals dedicated to Music, Education, and Culture. In order to understand and present the community of Nazaré, its cultural activities, aspects of its way of life, and especially the Boi Curumim tradition, field notes were recorded during immersion in the community, documenting the researcher’s observations. In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted with community members (children and adults) and NAPRA members regarding their participation in Boi Curumim. These data contributed to the description of both the preparation process and the performance of the Boi Curumim of Nazaré. The theoretical framework adopted was based on NAPRA’s perspective on Popular Education. From this standpoint, the collected data were analyzed, discussed, and interpreted. Without intending to provide definitive conclusions, the final considerations highlight the need for music educators to “expose themselves” (in Bondía’s terms) to diverse musical and cultural manifestations, valuing traditional Brazilian culture in order to develop creative, integrative, and multicultural approaches to music teaching.
As percepções e práticas de publicação em acesso aberto dos pesquisadores de dois programas de pós-graduação em Engenharia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017) Guirra, Daniel Andre Rigo; Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5924083706738817; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
Apresenta os resultados de um estudo que buscou conhecer as práticas e percepções de pesquisadores credenciados em dois programas de pós-graduação em engenharia, avaliados com nota sete pela CAPES, em relação à publicação em canais de acesso aberto comparado com aqueles restritos, de assinatura. Foi usada uma abordagem metodológica mista. Dados de publicação referentes ao período 2008 a 2016 foram levantados e tabulados dos currículos Lattes dos pesquisadores usando os softwares ScriptLattes e VantagePoint respectivamente. Os 244 títulos de revistas científicas e os 970 artigos identificados dessa fase foram então pesquisados em outras plataformas como o SciELO, DOAJ, SHERPA/ROMEO, Google Acadêmico e o próprio Repositório Institucional da instituição dos programas de pós-graduação para verificar a proporção de artigos publicados disponíveís em acesso aberto. Concomitantemente a esses levantamentos quantitativos, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 11 pesquisadores dos dois programas para identificar suas percepções em relação à publicação em geral e especificamente em acesso aberto, e em repositórios abertos. Dos dados quantitativos levantados, foi verificado que apenas 21,9% dos artigos publicados do primeiro programa de pós e 29,8% do segundo estão disponíveis em acesso aberto. No entanto, nas entrevistas a maioria dos autores apoia o acesso aberto, embora manifestem pouco conhecimento sobre o acesso aberto em repositórios, incluindo aquele da sua própria instituição, como também desconhecem o caminho complementar de se publicar primeiramente em revistas de alto impacto com o posterior arquivamento do mesmo artigo no repositório, ao término do eventual tempo de embargo da editora.
O acesso aberto à luz dos Estudos Sociais da Ciência e Tecnologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017) Cintra, Paulo Roberto; Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary; Milanez, Douglas Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4162331040612067; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9233120345793647
O acesso aberto é um movimento em prol de uma literatura científica disponibilizada sem custos aos usuários e livre de restrições para seu reuso. Este ensaio tem por objetivo refletir sobre as mudanças trazidas pelo acesso aberto à comunicação científica à luz dos conceitos propostos pelos teóricos dos Estudos Sociais da Ciência e Tecnologia. Para tanto, o estudo se baseou nos imperativos institucionais de Merton, nos conceitos de Bourdieu sobre capital simbólico e nos argumentos de Latour acerca do arregimento de aliados. Concluiu-se que o acesso aberto tem potencial para alterar as disparidades hierárquicas existentes entre os pares, uma vez que possíveis ganhos em visibilidade, legibilidade e acessibilidade dos artigos disponibilizados em livre acesso, poderiam impactar positivamente na avaliação da produção dopesquisador junto às agências de fomento e instituições de ensino e, dessa forma, elevar seu capital científico.
Análise de eficiência de programas de pós-graduação em Engenharias III
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-01-09) Costa, Naijela Janaina da; Moralles, Herick Fernando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3603674784653923; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9395111230471879
The effectiveness of Brazil's postgraduate programs is directly linked to the country's capacity for innovation, which entails the need to diagnose the causes of low academic achievement, as well as the development of techniques and methods to evaluate and measure performance Of educational units. In this sense, the objective of this project was to analyze the efficiency of postgraduate programs in Brazilian Engineering III. Through the application of the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique, the most efficient programs were identified, and through the Tobit Regression the degree of influence of certain inputs was determined (number of professor; scholars of CNPq; Number of students) in educational performance. The results of this project can contribute to a better understanding of the dynamics and determining factors of the national academic production, in order to generate knowledge about postgraduate programs, especially courses that did not reach the production efficiency standards Required by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES).
Modeling based on a reparameterized Birnbaum-Saunders distribution for analysis of survival data
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-01-09) Leão, Jeremias da Silva; Sanchez, Victor Eliseo Leiva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8210845561629144; Tomazella, Vera Lucia Damasceno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8870556978317000; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1079978062491227
In this thesis we propose models based on a reparameterized Birnbaum-Saunder (BS) distribution introduced by Santos-Neto et al. (2012) and Santos-Neto et al. (2014), to analyze survival data. Initially we introduce the Birnbaum-Saunders frailty model where we analyze the cases (i) with (ii) without covariates. Survival models with frailty are used when further information is nonavailable to explain the occurrence time of a medical event. The random effect is the “frailty”, which is introduced on the baseline hazard rate to control the unobservable heterogeneity of the patients. We use the maximum likelihood method to estimate the model parameters. We evaluate the performance of the estimators under different percentage of censured observations by a Monte Carlo study. Furthermore, we introduce a Birnbaum-Saunders regression frailty model where the maximum likelihood estimation of the model parameters with censored data as well as influence diagnostics for the new regression model are investigated. In the following we propose a cure rate Birnbaum-Saunders frailty model. An important advantage of this proposed model is the possibility to jointly consider the heterogeneity among patients by their frailties and the presence of a cured fraction of them. We consider likelihood-based methods to estimate the model parameters and to derive influence diagnostics for the model. In addition, we introduce a bivariate Birnbaum-Saunders distribution based on a parameterization of the Birnbaum-Saunders which has the mean as one of its parameters. We discuss the maximum likelihood estimation of the model parameters and show that these estimators can be obtained by solving non-linear equations. We then derive a regression model based on the proposed bivariate Birnbaum-Saunders distribution, which permits us to model data in their original scale. A simulation study is carried out to evaluate the performance of the maximum likelihood estimators. Finally, examples with real-data are performed to illustrate all the models proposed here.
Avaliação do impacto do acesso aberto em periódicos da área da Ciência da Informação : uma análise de indicadores bibliométricos e altmétricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-01-16) Cintra, Paulo Roberto; Milanez, Douglas Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9233120345793647; Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4162331040612067
The existence of innumerous barriers to access scientific knowledge gave rise to the movement in favor of open access. The impact of scientific research tends to be measured by the total number of citations the work gets, and so the hypothesis of a possible Open Access Citation Advantage (OACA) emerged, in which it is argued that the articles available in open access have an advantage in the number of citations in relation to those only available in restricted publications. However, assessing the impact of a scientific publication must go beyond the analysis of citations, as it is necessary to consider that scientists do not cite all references that may have influenced them during the research, and that other actors are also part of the scientific community. For these reasons, the use of alternative metrics to assist the evaluation of science has been discussed in a new subfield called Altmetrics. In this sense, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential benefits that open access can offer to the field of Information Science. Therefore, bibliometric citation indicators and altmetric indicators for four journals were collected and analyzed: Journal of the American Society for Information Science, Scientometrics, El Profesional de la Información and Transinformação. Data sources covered Web of Science, Google Scholar, Altmetric.com and Mendeley. The results indicated that open access actually offered advantages over the average number of citations and references in the social web received in all hybrid journals. This fact confirms the validity of the OACA hypothesis for the Information Science area. It was also found that this advantage is maintained, at least, until the eighth year after publication, and it extends to the altmetrics data.
Análise da microestrutura, parâmetros térmicos e de propriedades mecânicas na solidificação direcional de ligas Al-Mg-Fe
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-01-18) Gomes, Leonardo Fernandes; Spinelli, José Eduardo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8882038118634925; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6904883156193838
Al-Mg-Fe alloys are appointed as favorable ones in respect of the costs involved and all the required properties for successful vessel service. However, experimental inter-relations of solidification thermal parameters, microstructure and mechanical resistance are still undetermined. In the present research work, the dependences of tensile properties on the length scale of the dendritic morphology of ternary Al-1.2wt.%Mg-1.5wt.%Fe and Al-7.0wt.%Mg-1.5wt.%Fe alloys are examined. Transient heat flow conditions during solidification have been achieved by the use of a directional solidification system, thus permitting a comprehensive characterization of the dendritic microstructures to be performed. Thermo-Calc computations, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were carried out to give support to the extensive microstructural evaluation performed with both ternary Al-Mg-Fe alloys. Experimental growth relations of primary, λ1 and secondary, λ2 dendrite arm spacings with cooling rate (ṪL) and of tensile properties with λ2 are proposed. For both alloys examined, Hall-Petch type formulae show that the tensile strength increase with the decrease in λ2. The soundest strength-ductility balance is exhibited by the Al-7.0wt%Mg-1.5wt%Fe alloy specimen with very refined microstructure. This is shown to be due to a more homogeneous distribution of intermetallic particles in connection with solid solution strengthening propitiated by Mg. Functional experimental inter-relations of tensile properties with growth (VL) and cooling rates (ṪL) for both ternary Al-Mg-Fe alloys have also been derived.
Influência da microestrutura na resistência mecânica de ligas hipereutéticas Al-Si solidificadas direcionalmente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-01-18) Reyes, Rodrigo André Valenzuela; Spinelli, José Eduardo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8882038118634925; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9357263200951932
The present research work deals with directional solidification (DS) of Al-15wt.% and 18wt.% Si alloys and further characterization of the related microstructures. Emphasis is given on the eutectic growth being affected not only by solidification kinetics (V-eutectic growth rate and G-thermal gradient) but also by melt superheat, which is varied in two degrees for each alloy, i.e., 6% and 23% above the liquidus temperature. The dependences of interphase spacing (X) on both solidification kinetics (fast, intermediate and slow cooling conditions) and on melt superheat during solidification of hypereutectic alloys are reported for the first time. Furthermore, functional experimental interrelations of tensile mechanical properties and interphase spacing between eutectic Si particles of both alloys evaluated are proposed. It is shown by these correlations that the tensile properties increase with the decrease in these spacings. More significant variations in properties are associated with a certain range of spacings (1.0^m < X < 2.3^m) in the case of the Al-15wt.%Si alloy. Tensile strength and elongation-to-fracture decrease with increasing alloy silicon content. The applicability of eutectic growth expressions such as X=f (V-1/2) and X=f (G-a x V-b) has been verified for the present tested alloys and experimental conditions.
Análise multicriterial da funcionalidade ecológica de modelos de restauração empregados em floresta estacional semidecidual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-01-19) Galetti, Gustavo; Silva, José Mauro Santana da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1206055452889306; Piña-Rodrigues, Fatima Conceição Márquez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1475369713141675; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3349175563124528
The process of restoring degraded areas can be understood as the reconstruction of ecological processes, ensuring the continuation and development of the community in space and time. Given the complexity of this process, it is essential to develop indicators that will provide monitoring of the ecological integrity of these areas, serving as a tool for assessment of contained goals in projects and providing subsidies for decision-making in the management of these areas when required.This study aimed to conceptualize and analyze through literature, the concepts related to ecological restoration, stability and reliability in ecosystems, and key monitoring measures in forest restoration, emphasizing the ecological functions present in this process.
Incipiência da visualização de indicadores bibliométricos e altmétricos nos Repositórios Institucionais brasileiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-01-21) Reis, José Eduardo dos; Spinola, Adriana Tahereh Pereira; Amaral, Roniberto Morato do; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3806982041285431
Os Repositórios Institucionais apresentam significativo potencial como fontes de informação para a elaboração dos estudos métricos, visando à compreensão das dinâmicas da atividade científica institucional. Contudo, sinalizam deficiências no tocante à externalização visual de seu vasto conteúdo científico na forma de indicadores bibliométricos e altmétricos. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste artigo foi investigar a capabilidade das iniciativas nacionais em Repositórios Institucionais de Acesso Aberto na utilização de indicadores bibliométricos e altmétricos, com base nos conceitos de visualização de informação. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi o estudo de caso exploratório, e a unidade de análise compreendeu 81 Repositórios Institucionais ativos nas Instituições de Ciência e Tecnologia brasileiras, identificados no Diretório de Repositórios de Acesso Aberto – OPENDOAR. Os resultados alcançados compreenderam a identificação e a análise da presença nos Repositórios Institucionais brasileiros dos indicadores bibliométricos e altmétricos e sua visualização gráfica. Observou-se que os indicadores bibliométricos apresentaram um índice maior de ocorrência na amostra analisada do que os indicadores altmétricos e a incipiência dos Repositórios Institucionais em disponibilizar os indicadores utilizando uma representação visual. Conclui-se que a discussão dos resultados alcançados pode contribuir para a compreensão da problemática em torno da utilização dos Repositórios Institucionais, como fontes de informação, para a elaboração e visualização de indicadores bibliométricos e altmétricos sobre as dinâmicas das atividades científicas desempenhadas pelas Instituições de Ciência e Tecnologia brasileiras.
Uma sequência didática a partir da folha de papel sulfite
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-01-23) Zanetti, Veridiana Carla; Salvador, José Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2487171069472158
The aim of this paper is to develop a didactic sequence exploring practical activities that will help students in the teaching-learning process of the concepts of sequences, geometric progressions and logarithms, which are included in the school curriculum of the first year of high school. In this sequence we will propose practical activities in the teacher's lesson plan and will work on the mathematics contained in them. We will also report how the activities were applied, how the students participated, the concerns that arose and some considerations that can be made for improving the activity. Subsequently, we chose some questions that have appeared in the OBMEP and ENEM tests in previous years that involve content included in the activities and which may complement the activities.
Um analisador sintático neural multilíngue baseado em transições
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-01-24) Costa, Pablo Botton da; Kepler, Fabio Natanael; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2278269345182335; Caseli, Helena de Medeiros; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6608582057810385; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8542827534739117
A dependency parser consists in inducing a model that is capable of extracting the right dependency tree from an input natural language sentence. Nowadays, the multilingual techniques are being used more and more in Natural Language Processing (NLP) (BROWN et al., 1995; COHEN; DAS; SMITH, 2011), especially in the dependency parsing task. Intuitively, a multilingual parser can be seen as vector of different parsers, in which each one is individually trained on one language. However, this approach can be a really pain in the neck in terms of processing time and resources. As an alternative, many parsing techniques have been developed in order to solve this problem (MCDONALD; PETROV; HALL, 2011; TACKSTROM; MCDONALD; USZKOREIT, 2012; TITOV; HENDERSON, 2007) but all of them depends on word alignment (TACKSTROM; MCDONALD; USZKOREIT, 2012) or word clustering, which increases the complexity since it is difficult to induce alignments between words and syntactic resources (TSARFATY et al., 2013; BOHNET et al., 2013a). A simple solution proposed recently (NIVRE et al., 2016a) uses an universal annotated corpus in order to reduce the complexity associated with the construction of a multilingual parser. In this context, this work presents an universal model for dependency parsing: the NNParser. Our model is a modification of Chen e Manning (2014) with a more greedy and accurate model to capture distributional representations (MIKOLOV et al., 2011). The NNparser reached 93.08% UAS in English Penn Treebank (WSJ) and better results than the state of the art Stack LSTM parser for Portuguese (87.93% × 86.2% LAS) and Spanish (86.95% × 85.7% LAS) on the universal dependencies corpus.
Significados em aulas de matemática e em outras práticas: problematizações a partir da virada linguística
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-01-25) Vilela, Denise Silva; Costa, Daniela Netto Scatolin; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8155152145332951; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5520784282540648; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2973-1301; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4331-7820
Este artigo apresenta alguns resultados de uma pesquisa que teve por objetivo analisar o modo como os alunos lidam com a matemática em diferentes práticas sociais, na escola e fora dela. A reflexão será conduzida pela discussão a respeito do significado e de aprendizagem. Um modo de analisar se o significado aprendido na escola se mantém em diferentes práticas seria observando estudantes em outras práticas não escolares. Este foi o procedimento da pesquisa cujo corpus foi constituído através da observação participante com um grupo de estudantes do ensino fundamental. O referencial teórico está centrado na noção de aprendizagem situada de Jean Lave em que são considerados os aspectos sociais e o contexto em detrimento às abordagens estritamente psicológicas conhecidas no campo da Educação. Ao tema da aprendizagem situada foram agregadas discussões filosóficas relativas à concepção wittgensteiniana de significado nos usos, na prática da linguagem. A análise indicou a pertinência do referencial e que a situação influencia no modo de praticar a matemática. Neste sentido, a pesquisa não corrobora uma concepção de aprendizagem como posse, que fica associada à ideia de transferência de conhecimentos, em que o significado seria carregado de uma situação a outra. Assim, a presente abordagem favorece a compreensão da noção de aprendizagem situada de modo a problematizar aspectos da noção de aprendizagem.
Estudo da dinâmica do escoamento gás-sólido em resfriadores de catalisador de FCC usando fluidodinâmica computacional (CFD)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-01-26) Monzón, Edgar Manuel Lucar; Lopes, Gabriela Cantarelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5680967191791061
The fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is an important process in oil industry, since it converts heavier fractions in lighter ones, which are more valuable. The catalyst particles (typically m) are deactivated during the reacting process and need to be regenerated before returning to the reactor. Temperature is a key factor that promotes coke formation and deactivation inside the reactor. As a consequence, it is necessary to cool down the solid catalyst particles before returning them to the reactor. The cooling system is usually outside the regenerator in a specific designed heat exchanger, that uses water as cold fluid. The catalyst cooler was not much studied before and many contributions can be made for improvements and intensification. The goal of this work was to contribute with this topic, using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to evaluate the gas-solid flow behavior in characteristic geometries of the catalyst cooler. Commercial package Fluent by ANSYS v14.5 was used during simulation and Eulerian model was applied for the solid phase. The volume fraction phase for the solid phase, solid and gas velocities were evaluated and described. The results were compared in terms of gas-solids flow in different geometries and showed a hydrodynamic explanation different from that currently used by the authors to justify the intensification of thermal exchange in this type of equipment. In short, longer solid-wall contact time will be primarily responsible for efficient heat transfer.
Gênero e sexualidade no currículo do curso de licenciatura em educação física da UFSCar e suas implicações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-01-27) Freitas, Milena; Souza Júnior, Osmar Moreira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9176123942671062; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9811892012393598
Inclusion is a perspective often adopted in educational programs that suggests a differentiated attention dedicated to minorities, with the aim of guaranteeing equal rights among individuals. However, it is necessary to understand that among minorities, there are some themes that are marginalized in this inclusion, such as gender and sexuality issues. Gender is a category of social character created to oppose the biological determinism of sex and sexuality is the way people can express their sexual interest, and there may be interest in people of the same sex, opposite sex, both sexes or the absence of partners. Due to the power relations existing in society, there is a standardization of values that demarcate and hierarchize the differences between people. The Physical Education class is an important means, in the school context, in which the differences between boys and girls are evidenced in a hierarchical way. In this scenario, it is the role of the teacher to intervene so that prejudiced attitudes do not happen in class. For this, it is necessary that this educator be prepared to deconstruct the dominant discourses of gender and sexuality. Considering that graduation is an important moment for this preparation to be built, this work aims to analyze whether the present curriculum of the Physical Education Degree course at UFSCar presents indications about the treatment of gender and sexuality issues in the Pedagogical Project, to analyze how teachers trained by this curriculum identify the impact of graduation on these issues and how it affects professional performance. The present research starts from an exploratory qualitative perspective, the data set was obtained through the analysis of documents on the Pedagogical Project of the Physical Education Degree course at UFSCar, and also through semi-structured interviews with trained teachers. ) through this curriculum. From the results obtained, it was possible to visualize the different ways in which gender and sexuality issues can appear in the school environment and in Physical Education classes. As well as it was possible to understand the different strategies that teachers have to be able to intervene under this perspective, either by actions contained in planning or specific educational actions in order to face problems in situations of conflict. Through the analysis of the pedagogical project and the interviews it was possible to conclude that the treatment given by the undergraduate course is not enough for teachers to feel safe and prepared to intervene when the subject is concerned. it's gender and sexuality. In this way, there are suggestions for changes that could be considered in order that the knowledge obtained in undergraduate courses have greater proximity to the pedagogical practice exercised by teachers in a formal education environment.
Ensino de química para pessoas com deficiência visual: um estudo por meio da revisão sistemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-01-27) Toledo, Juliana Barretto de; Marques, Rosebelly Nunes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7921735904003583; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3346827751812061
Education in Sciences is strongly influenced by the public policies and legislation in course. Among the challenges that the profession demands, is the paradigm of inclusive education, which is even greater when teaching Chemistry, a discipline with a strong visual appeal, for students with visual impairment. As the right to education is not only determined by the access, materialized in the student's enrollment with the school, it is imperative that this student has his permanence, participation and learning ensured throughout his academic life. Some specificities of Chemistry Teaching to visually impaired students have been listed in respect of their educational needs, in order to subsidize the teacher with the means to motivate their student in a way other than visual. The objective of this work was to collect, evaluate and disseminate several studies, with a focus on Chemical Education to students with visual impairment, through the Systematic Review of Literature. The researches were conducted at the Electronic Portals of CAPES, SciELO, BDTD, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar, during the periods of October 2013, March 2014, July 2015 and September 2016. The 256,798 primary studies surveyed were refined in chronological, linguistic and place of publication parameters. After undergoing the systematic procedures, they were classified as "accepted" or "rejected". We retrieved 84 primary studies written in Portuguese and 37 written in English, with free access. The results indicate that Chemical Education is possible for these students, demonstrated by the texts of the studies collected, but that there are still gaps in research about the subject, despite the efforts made by the researchers. Examples of practical work were done, presented and discussed. In order for the teaching of chemistry to reach all students with due equity, the teacher must be prepared and advised by special educators, ensuring quality in the teaching being provided. And to this happens effectively, the government must guarantee through public policies not only the training, but the valuation of these professionals.