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O lado humano dos lugares: aprendizado de máquina e conhecimento científico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02) Pedroso, Alexander Quenner Aguiar; Mariutti, Fabiana Gondim; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1256098133086163; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1588-2002
O presente estudo analisa as possibilidades resumidas, e provavelmente interpretativas da ferramenta de inteligência artificial (IA) — com uso de uma plataforma de Large Language Models (LLM) — modelos de aprendizado de máquina — para explicar a reputação do Brasil no exterior, como proxy do estudo. Os dados secundários coletados foram ponderados conceitualmente, com a literatura vigente sobre gestão de marca de lugar e inteligência artificial em marketing, a partir de dois prompts (perguntas) e nove índices internacionais. Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se análise do conteúdo com consideração temática ao comparar com o estado da arte da literatura nacional e internacional. Os resultados demonstram que a análise comparativa entre os retornos da plataforma e dos índices com a literatura existente evidenciam a dicotômica reputação e a complexa imagem do Brasil em contextos globais, como aspectos políticos, econômicos, sociais e culturais. Também, nota-se a variação das posições do Brasil nos índices selecionados e pertinentes com a percepção da reputação de um país, em que as respostas geradas, apesar de estarem relacionadas com temáticas específicas presentes nos índices, não evidência que as fontes se originam da literatura científica ou de métodos sistemáticos. Este trabalho contribui para o cuidado teórico e metodológico dos pesquisadores sobre estudos sobre a marca de cidade, região ou país com uso das ferramentas de LLM e IA. Descobre-se que o aprendizado de máquina relacionado com o conhecimento científico carece, consideravelmente, das realidades ou nuances sobre o lado humano do lugar, quanto ao pensamento criativo da percepção sensorial e imaginária ao vivenciar uma cidade, região ou país, literalmente, morar, visitar, trabalhar, estudar, empreender, investir, imigrar, etc. Nesse âmbito multidimensional, reforça-se a existente e necessária proximidade teórica e prática de estudos de gestão de marca de lugar com fundamentos de Relações Internacionais.
Soberania e segurança alimentar em assentamentos rurais: o caso dos assentamentos PDS Mário Lago e Santa Helena no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02) Veron, Ana Claudia Olartechea; Carvalho, Joelson Gonçalves de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0141039743607067; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5680333699420527; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4894-1400
The agribusiness sector, as the hegemonic agri-food system, has not been effective in combating hunger due to its dynamics, which strengthen the development of large transnational groups that control the production and commercialization of agricultural products, prioritizing the production of commodities over food. In this context, agroecology emerges as an alternative agri-food system where farmers and consumers take center stage, representing a necessary condition for transforming the current structure of the agri-food system. This transformation aims to reshape the way food is produced, distributed, and commercialized. Given this, this study aims to investigate the potentialities and challenges in ensuring food security and sovereignty in two rural settlements classified as Sustainable Development Projects (PDS): PDS Santa Helena and PDS Mário Lago, located in the municipalities of São Carlos (SP) and Ribeirão Preto (SP), respectively. These settlements implement a strategic agroecological project to improve the food and nutritional security of settled families while developing a production model distinct from the dominant sugar-alcohol agribusiness in the region. Methodologically, the investigation was structured through field research with semi-structured interviews and the application of the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale questionnaire in both PDS Santa Helena and PDS Mário Lago settlements in São Paulo. The study concludes that, unlike the national reality, the PDS model settlements, through collective and cooperative work and agroecological production, contribute to reducing food and nutritional insecurity among settled peasant families.
Folhas de ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Miller): uma fonte nativa de proteína vegetal pouco explorada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-03) Tavares, Laura Médici; Silva, Naaman Francisco Nogueira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8255475072902530; Neves, Isabelle Cristina Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3479449098249392
Currently, population growth and global food production have been associated with global climate change and the scarcity of fresh water, for example. In this scenario, there is a global concern regarding the sustainable supply of protein for the coming decades. Brazil is a country with rich flora, including various edible plants with high protein content, such as Pereskia aculeata Miller, also known as ora-pro-nobis (OPN). Thus, this study aimed to extract proteins from OPN leaves and analyze them for their technological characteristics. The process began with the production of flour from OPN leaves through forced circulation. Subsequently, the centesimal composition of this material was performed using official methods, obtaining the following results: the moisture content of OPN leaves (88.2% w/w), and in the flour, lipids (5.6% w/w), proteins (9.4% w/w), ash (17.1% w/w), and total carbohydrates (20.3% w/w), all expressed on a dry basis. To optimize the protein extraction from the leaves, acid-induced precipitation experiments were conducted, varying the pH of the solution (2.0, 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0) to approach the isoelectric point of the leaf proteins, aiming to improve the extraction efficiency. After conducting the tests, the pH chosen for this process was 3.5. Finally, after obtaining the protein concentrate, protein suspensions with concentrations of 1.0% w/w (T1), 2% w/w (T2), and 4% w/w (T3) were prepared, and steady rheological tests were carried out to measure viscosity, as well as oscillatory frequency and temperature scans in the linear viscoelasticity region for all treatments. The results indicated that the fluid exhibited a Newtonian behavior, regardless of the protein concentration in suspension. A maximum viscosity of 1.378 mPa·s-1 was observed for T3. The viscous (G'') and elastic (G') moduli showed slight dependence on frequency for all treatments, with G'' > G'. In none of the protein concentrations tested was the formation of thermal or acid gels observed. Therefore, it is concluded that this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the physicochemical characteristics of the leaf and the behavior of ora-pro-nobis proteins in suspension, evaluating its potential for future applications in the food industry, highlighting a native plant protein source that can be cultivated throughout Brazil.
Ensino de manejo de comportamento problema para professores de alunos com TEA: Uma replicação sistemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-03) Almeida, Isabela Hogari Pereira; Postalli, Lidia Maria Marson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2748282330028870; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7560-697X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3354398572495379; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3520-8878
Intervening in the reduction of inappropriate behavior is of fundamental importance, as it allows an improvement in the quality of life of individuals and also of the people they live with in different contexts. The objective of the present research was to evaluate the effectiveness of a set of teaching procedures consisting of written instruction, video modeling and roleplay to teach teachers how to manage inappropriate behavior of their students with ASD. The study is a systematic replication of the research from the study by Guimarães et al. (2018), about managing inappropriate behavior with mothers. The research was conducted in a public school in the city located in the interior of the state of São Paulo. Three teachers who had students diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and two students with ASD who showed inappropriate behavior participated in the research. To evaluate the effectiveness of the set of teaching procedures, the multiple baseline design between inappropriate behaviors was used. The procedure had the following phases: Baseline, Intervention, follow-up, observation of teacher-student interaction and social validity of the research. At baseline, the teachers carried out behavior management with the confederate only with written instructions and in the intervention, they carried out the same procedure together with video modeling. The target inappropriate behaviors were: CI-a) command to obtain item; CI-b) order to refuse items present in the environment; CI-c) refusal to deliver reinforcer; CI-d) demand leakage. The results obtained showed that the intervention was effective, the participating teachers achieved 100% correct answers, performing on average between two and three intervention sessions for all inappropriate behaviors, and in classroom observations, the teachers handled more than 60% of the inappropriate behaviors. . Regarding social validity, the teachers enjoyed participating in the research and considered it useful for their performance in the classroom. It is suggested for future research to expand the stage of monitoring the implementation of strategies with students with ASD and also work with each student's inappropriate behaviors.
Inflação para as famílias de renda muito baixa, renda média e renda alta: uma análise entre 2017 e 2024
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-03) Mazine, Matheus Henrique; Carrara, Aniela Fagundes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2348376949393246; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3131-2344
Inflation is a phenomenon of great economic relevance, as it directly affects the population's purchasing power and macroeconomic stability. However, its impact is not homogeneous across different income brackets. Based on this premise, this study aims to analyze, in a descriptive and exploratory manner, the behavior of consumer inflation for very low-income, middle-income, and high-income families in Brazil, according to the segmentation proposed by the Institute of Applied Economic Research (IPEA). To achieve this objective, descriptive and exploratory statistics techniques were used, allowing the identification of patterns and trends in inflation behavior over the period from 2017 to 2024. The study considered the main components of the consumer basket of the different social classes, seeking to understand which groups of goods and services exert the greatest influence on the inflation perceived by each segment of the population. The results indicate that very low-income families face more volatile inflation when compared to middle- and high-income families. This greater variability is largely associated with the significant burden that items such as food and housing have on the budgets of poorer families. The increase in the prices of these essential goods has a more severe impact on this segment of the population, which allocates a greater proportion of its income to such expenses. In contrast, higher-income families tend to be less affected by variations in these segments and are more impacted by fluctuations in the prices of non-essential consumer goods and services. Thus, the study reinforces the importance of targeted public policies that take into account the heterogeneity of the inflationary impact among different social groups. Understanding the particularities of inflation for each income bracket is essential for improving inflation control strategies and for formulating measures that minimize the adverse effects on the most vulnerable segments of the population.
Avaliação de métodos analíticos e comparação das normas regulamentadoras brasileira e europeia dos cosméticos destinados à proteção contra raios UV
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-03) Lima, Numbia; Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0608-0278
The document addresses the evaluation of analytical methods and the comparison of Brazilian and European regulatory standards for cosmetics, particularly those intended for UV protection. The study conducts analyses of product efficacy and safety, considering the increased exposure to sunlight and its health implications. Additionally, it discusses analytical techniques, such as chromatography, used to ensure sunscreen compliance, and examines the differences between regulations RDC 600/22 and EU 1223/09, emphasizing the need for strict regulation to protect consumers.
Embalagens flexíveis para alimentos: produção, tecnologia bag e regulamentação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-04) Leite, Samara Leme de Almeida; Silva, Thaís Jordânia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4582114700719319
The packaging market in Brazil has shown steady growth, driven by factors such as increased consumption, technological innovations, and a focus on sustainability. In the food sector, the choice of specific packaging is crucial to preserving quality, protecting consumers' health, and meeting sustainability criteria. Among the available options, flexible plastic packaging, especially the Bag system, stands out for its high protection capacity, practicality, and efficiency in preserving food quality and safety. This study conducted a literature review on food packaging, focusing on flexible packaging and highlighting its efficiency as barriers against moisture and oxygen. Additionally, it emphasized the importance of bag technology, a solution that combines strength and efficiency in the storage and transportation of food. The study addressed the properties of the materials used, applicable regulations, and the relevance of flexible packaging in the current food industry landscape. However, compliance with food safety standards and challenges related to sustainability remain significant concerns. It is concluded that the continuous development of food packaging technologies, such as the bag system, is essential to meet market demands and environmental concerns, promoting practical and efficient solutions for the industry and consumers alike.
Análise da concentração de mercado na indústria da construção civil: um estudo entre 2012 e 2022
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-04) Martins, Victor Hugo Donda; Pitelli, Mariusa Momenti; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2810339285129049
The construction industry in Brazil plays a significant role in economic growth and job creation in the country, contributing substantially to GDP while also promoting urban development and essential infrastructure. Additionally, the sector helps reduce the housing deficit. Given its importance, the aim of this study was to analyze the concentration of the national construction industry between 2012 and 2022. To assess market concentration in the sector, four indicators were used: market share, concentration ratio, concentration curve, and the Hirschman-Herfindahl index. In addition to these indicators, the Structure-Conduct-Performance model was also employed to provide theoretical support. Within the sector, the 50 largest companies. At the end of the analysis, the indicators showed that the sector is not highly concentrated, suggesting a lower likelihood of practices that could harm competition. However, the analysis indicated a certain stability in market shares, with few changes from year to year.
Fifa World Cup Qatar 2022: análise do megaevento como estratégia de mudança da imagem do destino turístico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-05) Lima, Geisa Caroline Santana; Somaschini, Maria Helena Matttos Barbosa dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3419477918842537; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9606817943441262
The practice of producing images of tourist destinations, in the context of mega sporting events, with the aim of increasing the international prestige of nation-states, has been recurrent since 1934, the year in which Italy, under the management of Benito Mussolini, hosted the FIFA World Cup. The political instrumentalization of major sporting events has been, since 2010, investigated under the name “sportswashing”, with the purpose of identifying and analyzing the tools used in attempts to “wash” a country’s reputation, through the mobilization of sporting appeal - via the holding of mega sporting events - and sponsorship or investment in major football clubs. Actions characterized as “sportswashing” are intended to create a façade image that, for example, in the case of Eastern countries, allows them to be promoted as a modern, liberal and Western friendly country (Martínez, 2018 apud Soyland, 2020, p. 57). The FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 constitutes a recent experience of this practice and, with the prospect of contributing to the set of studies aimed at evaluating the perception of tourists in relation to the image of tourist destinations (Kaplanidou et al., 2016; Evers; Pineda, 2023), this research will seek to analyze the way in which Brazilian tourists perceive Qatar's tourist image, verifying the impacts and effectiveness of the country's image cleaning strategy, through the holding of a mega sporting event - FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 - in the image perceived by these tourists. For this purpose, the image of Qatar was analyzed based on the General Model of Images in Tourism (Santana Talavera; Pinto, J. 2008 apud Pinto, R., 2012, p.567), in order to understand how the country's images were formed, following each of the seven stages of the model, and the interference they have on each other. This is an interdisciplinary research with a qualitative approach, of an exploratory and descriptive nature, with collection and analysis of primary and secondary data using bibliographical, documentary and interview research techniques, which will be carried out with a sample of approximately 0.5 % of Brazilians who participated in the mega sporting event in Qatar, in 2022. The question guide for conducting the interviews will consider, above all, the contributions of the Semiological Model, developed by MacCannel (1976 apud Pinto, 2012, p.554) and the Model Three-dimensional, presented by Echtner and Ritchie (1993 apud Pinto, 2012, p.562). The analyzes of the data collected in the interviews were carried out using the content analysis technique (Bardin, 1977). The results obtained from the research show that hosting mega-sporting events in countries with a negative or resistant image for tourism, as is the case with the country analyzed, allows tourists to visit a place they never imagined they would be, due to factors such as fear. This experience can lead, depending on their personal experiences, to more positive perceptions of the location, due to the meaning attached to the competition and the tangible and intangible changes it brings to the country.
A música performando a narrativa de "Inferninho"
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-05) Holanda, Caio Cardoso; Miranda, Suzana Reck; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8566012598222563; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4781-6165; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7874027255999985; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3896-872X; Brandão, Alessandra Soares; Almeida, Gabriela Ramos de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2403390115972345; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7975111935945848; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-2256; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8676-7621
Ceará cinema is musically rich and often it's stories are touched by what the characters listen to and sing. In Inferninho (2018), by Guto Parente and Pedro Diógenes, musical performances are crucial to demarcate affections, positions and move the events of the plot. The story almost entirely happens in a bar with live music and explores a special and dreamlike universe. This research will analyze the ways in which the musical soundtrack adheres to the narrative of Inferninho, mainly through the songs performed by Luizianne (Samya De Lavor), which are mostly from forró, but sung in different versions and in several languages. The selection of the songs was made by the Ceará native Rita de Cássia, popularly known as "the greatest forró composer" in the country. Her songs and those of other exponents of the state populate the soundtrack, marking the strength of a specific cultural scene in recent film productions in the region. Sequences considered central will be meticulously analyzed in view of the central hypothesis of the research: that musical moments articulate in a very peculiar and creative way certain narrative axes through the relationship between popular musical genres and the bodies on stage.
Ciência e a Ciência Paralela: Uma disputa do campo científico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-05) Silva, Gabriel Moutinho Fernandes; Andrade, Thales Haddad Novaes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5882842888759363; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-3527; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3711848513888803
The monograph in question aims to present a case study about the recent production made by the production company Brasil Paralelo, entitled Unitopia, which produces a critique of Science and the production of scientific knowledge itself. To this end, we analyzed the two episodes of the documentary and an e-book material, with the objective of analyzing some aspects of the narrative produced, namely, the dispute of symbolic capital in which the documentary analyzes universities, since the members are part of the scientific field. In our objectives, we aim to answer our research questions: (1) Why position oneself in the Academy, even while rejecting it? and (2) What is the interest in using trivialization as a positioning tool? Aiming to highlight our hypothesis that Brasil Paralelo, as a group, seeks with its productions, in this work focusing our attention on UNITOPIA, a space for positioning within the academic world, seeking for this purpose groups with less power and that, in order to be seen, trivialize the knowledge of those who judge their adversaries. To this end, we used Pierre Bourdieu's writings and analyses on the scientific field as methodological material, enabling us to understand the positions taken by members of science. We also highlight the construction of science and its rules and structures with Robert K. Merton's notion of scientific ethos; and the analysis of the Strong program in Sociology of Knowledge, by David Bloor. We also highlight the conservative theories of James Durham and Mark R. Levin, who, even though they wrote at different times, have a vision similar to that of the narrative presented in Unitopia.
Comportamento do Bitcoin em relação ao ouro e ao índice Nasdaq: Uma análise entre 2015 e 2024
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-05) Balsan, Enrico Fernandes; Carrara, Aniela Fagundes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2348376949393246; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3131-2344
Since Bitcoin's emergence in 2008, its trajectory has been marked by a rapid rise, capturing the attention of investors, technology enthusiasts and even skeptics. While some see Bitcoin as a modern store of value, capable of protecting against inflation and economic uncertainties, others see it as a revolutionary asset, full of potential to generate significant returns in the short and medium term. But after all, does Bitcoin behave like a "digital gold" or like a high-risk asset, highly sensitive to fluctuations in the technology market? This study seeks to analyze this duality, investigating whether Bitcoin, despite its initial proposal of being a scarce and decentralized currency, is more similar to a safe asset, such as gold, or a volatile asset, such as the technology stocks on the Nasdaq index. For this, the period from January 2015 to January 2024 was considered, which includes moments of stability as well as turbulent scenarios, such as the Covid-19 pandemic and its global developments. Through a combination of literature review, descriptive statistics, time series decomposition and stationarity tests, the study revealed that Bitcoin, although it was conceived as a currency with store of value characteristics, presents a behavior more aligned with that of a high-risk asset. Its volatility exceeds even that of the Nasdaq index, consolidating its image as a disruptive but also unpredictable asset.
Estudo comparativo de modelos de Machine learning na predição de um behaviour score
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-05) Freitas, Fernanda Waltrs; Izbicki, Rafael; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9991192137633896
Credit Risk Modeling is an essential technique for financial institutions in making intelligent analytical decisions, such as granting credit, financing, or loans. These institutions aim to accurately identify individuals likely to meet their obligations on time by estimating the probability of customers being compliant or delinquent.This study aims to develop a Behaviour Score used by companies to assign scores to their customers based on their transactional behavior history, using a dataset with more than 400,000 customers and over 200 covariates.To achieve this, we analyzed the dataset and trained four machine learning models, ranging from traditional methods such as Penalized Logistic Regression (Oliveira et al., 2012) and Random Forest (Breiman, 2001) to more recent approaches like eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) (Friedman, 2001; Chen & Guestrin, 2016) and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) (Ke et al., 2017). When comparing the models on the test sample, we found that, in general, all models effectively distinguish between the response variable classes. However, the model that achieved the best predictive performance was XGBoost, with an area under the ROC curve of 82.03%, a Gini coefficient of 64.06%, and a KS statistic of 47.97%, among other performance metrics. On the other hand, the model with the lowest predictive performance was Penalized Logistic Regression, which obtained an area under the ROC curve of 78.46%, a Gini coefficient of 56.92%, and a KS statistic of 42.73%, among other measures. Additionally, it had the longest training time compared to the other models.
A busca e avaliação de informações digitais sobre jiu-jitsu: contribuições da Ciência da Informação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-05) Brito, Rayane Moraes de; Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0286450084380723
ABSTRACT The growing popularity of Brazilian jiu-jitsu in the digital environment highlights the need for more critical and informed informational practices. This study aimed to analyze the reliability of digital sources related to Brazilian jiu-jitsu, based on the IFLA infographic “How to Spot Fake News” adapted to the sports context. The specific objectives included: surveying and analyzing digital sources on the subject, validating evaluation criteria, and developing an adapted infographic for practitioners. Methodologically, the research followed a qualitative and exploratory approach, employing document analysis and self-testing as primary strategies. Data were collected from specialized websites such as Gracie Magazine, Revista Tatame, and BJJ Heroes. Results revealed significant challenges, such as the absence of explicit authorship and lack of information validation. However, the adapted infographic proved to be an effective tool for empowering practitioners to critically evaluate available information, contributing to the strengthening of informational literacy and the preservation of informed sports practices. The study underscores the importance of Information Science in interdisciplinary contexts, such as sports, and paves the way for future research in other disciplines.
Análise da rentabilidade de investimentos em ofertas públicas iniciais de ações entre 2004 a 2023 no Brasil: uma abordagem estatística
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-05) Graça, Luiza Neves; Dias, Teresa Cristina Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0187724276640668; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0507961689464287
Within a country's financial system, the stock market serves as a crucial mechanism for allocating resources between companies and investors. Companies initially access this market by conducting an initial public offering (IPO), and in return, investors benefit from potential profits and the possible appreciation of the asset in the secondary market. Based on this, our motivation in this study is to investigate, using real data from the Brazilian stock market from 2004 to 2023, the performance of IPO investments compared to the overall stock market returns, represented by the Ibovespa, over a two-year observation period. To achieve this objective, we employed nonparametric tests to compare the median return of IPOs relative to the market, as well as survival analysis methods—such as the Cox model and the Prentice, Williams, and Peterson (PWP) model—to examine the time until significant devaluations of these investments in relation to different explanatory variables. The findings indicate that, in the short term, IPO investments tend to outperform the market, reflecting a well-documented phenomenon known as underpricing. However, over longer periods, returns become negative and exhibit a declining trend. Regarding this latter phenomenon, the adjusted survival models suggest that larger devaluations tend to be associated with offerings made during periods in which the market is heated and with companies that performed poorly from the very first day.
Estratégias de hedge: Testando a eficiência da variância mínima com contratos futuros de Ibovespa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-06) Gavioli, Luís Eduardo de Campos; Carrara, Aniela Fagundes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2348376949393246; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3131-2344
The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of hedging with Ibovespa futures contracts using the minimum variance method, considering periods of high and low returns for this index, as well as periods of stability. These criteria allow for the assessment of three distinct economic situations and provide relevant information for decision-making across different scenarios. Given that the Ibovespa Index cannot be directly acquired, this method is also tested for the ETF BOVA11, a fund that replicates the Ibovespa and allows investments by market participants in the stock exchange environment. The tests were conducted for the Ibovespa Index and the ETF BOVA11 across three distinct market periods between 2020 and 2024. To perform the hedge, the Ibovespa futures contracts INDJ20, INDQ20, and INDJ24 were used. The research concluded that determining the optimal hedge ratio using the minimum variance method generally leads to a reduction in price fluctuations for the portfolios under consideration. This effect is subtler when compared to the hedge with a 1:1 ratio but remains highly significant relative to unhedged portfolios.
Solidariedade em movimento: MST E MTST na jornada por um Brasil sem fome
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-06) Sá, Maria Emilia Gomes de; Carvalho, Joelson Gonçalves de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0141039743607067; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4894-1400; Borsatto, Ricardo Serra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5988987575101933; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7594-479X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8340843729114495; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7089-2460
Hunger in Brazil is a persistent social issue, rooted in an economic system that primarily views food as a commodity. To devise solutions for combating hunger, this study focuses on socioterritorial movements as key agents in driving structural transformations within food systems. The proposed project aims to identify and analyze the convergences and differences between the discourses and actions of socioterritorial movements in rural and urban areas, specifically the Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) and the Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem Teto (MTST), in their fight against hunger. Through a combination of qualitative methodologies, including semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and document analysis, we individually and comparatively examine these social movements based on their discursive dimensions, strategies, and challenges related to overcoming hunger. By analyzing and comparing various forms of food activism in different territories, we identified numerous convergences and some differences between the hunger-combat strategies of the studied socioterritorial movements. The hunger-combat struggles of these movements do not move in opposite directions. Their common goal, centered on deep structural transformations to ensure dignity for workers—through the fight for land, housing, labor, and food—guides the movements toward a shared purpose, which necessarily places the fight against hunger at the heart of their struggles.
“Foi um acalento para o coração": reflexões de terapeutas ocupacionais atuantes em enfermarias pediátricas a partir da vivência em uma comunidade virtual de prática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-06) Souza, Lucas Ramon Santos de; Joaquim, Regina Helena Vitale Torkomian; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7719481657895650; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3700-397X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5858401973483526; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-6514
The pediatric ward has been a field of practice where occupational therapists have developed their interventions, enabling them to cope with the process of illness and hospitalization. However, studies are needed to improve these practices. In this sense, communities of practice have been consolidated as an effective form of professional training, by promoting the quality of daily practices. The main objective of this study was to investigate aspects of the practice of occupational therapists in pediatric wards, based on emerging themes in a virtual community of practice. Specifically, to identify contributions and challenges of this work and to understand the strengths and weaknesses of a virtual community of practice. This is a descriptive action research with a qualitative approach. The research was conducted through a virtual community of practice, in 11 synchronous remote meetings via Google Meet®, held biweekly, lasting one to one and a half hours, between April and August 2023. The topics of the meetings were chosen in advance by the occupational therapists and included scientific materials to promote reflections. After each meeting, a chronicle was prepared, validated by the participants, containing a summary of the main events. The transcripts of the meetings were analyzed by Content Analysis, with the aid of the qualitative analysis software, ATLAS.ti®. The virtual community of practice had the participation of five occupational therapists, recently graduated and experienced, who provide care in pediatric wards in different locations in Brazil; two occupational therapists who were researchers and organizers; and two Occupational Therapy students as collaborators. Data analysis resulted in three thematic categories: “Constructions of being an occupational therapist to work in a pediatric ward”, which identifies, based on the participants’ conceptions, the skills needed to work in a pediatric ward and the investments in training for this role. “Performance of the occupational therapist in a pediatric ward”, presents the routine of work in this environment, highlighting the intervention process, evidencing the aspects evaluated and the lack of use of standardized assessment instruments. Also noteworthy is the reasoning for the elaboration of therapeutic objectives and the difficulties in communicating about the practice of occupational therapy with other health professionals and family members. The results highlight the difficulties faced by occupational therapists, regarding limited resources, work overload, lack of knowledge of their work by other health professional categories and the consequences of a medically centered environment. As specificities of the occupational therapist’s work, the use of play, the impacts on daily life and the analysis of occupations during hospitalization were listed. “Operationalizing a virtual community of practice” highlights the tools and strategies adopted, as well as the challenges for its structuring, highlighting its benefits, considering it as a space for professional improvement, which guides practices, the formation of a collaborative network, the reduction of the feeling of isolation and the integration between professionals in the field and academia. Concluded that the study can contribute with guidelines to qualify and support the care practice of occupational therapists in pediatric wards.
A roda da conversa como estratégia didática nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-06) Plonkoski, Karina Januário; Daibello, Cláudia de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8700765073529757; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3132-6471
The Conversation Circle is a valuable teaching strategy for the early years of Elementary School, especially when incorporated into a pedagogical practice that prioritizes dialogue and listening to children. This approach contributes significantly to strengthening pedagogical practices based on dialogue, interaction and affection, creating an environment conducive to students expressing themselves freely and being heard. The proposal to use the Conversation Circle in the classroom is based on theoretical frameworks that defend the school as a democratic and dialogic space, where everyone has the right to participate, speak and be heard. In addition, the practice recognizes the importance of emotional bonds, essential for the development of trusting relationships and for meaningful learning. Thus, by adopting this methodology, educators promote a more humanized and inclusive learning environment, aligned with the principles of a democratic and respectful education.
Uso da análise da expressão alelo-específica e do efeito de origem parental para a predição de variantes reguladoras de fenótipos relacionados ao músculo de bovinos Bos indicus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-06) Bruscadin, Jennifer Jessica; Diniz, Wellison Jarles da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7482534979062879; Regitano, Luciana Correia de Almeida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9595338480545794; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5667896852834214
The muscle tissue of Nelore cattle (Bos indicus) is the focus of studies aimed at improving meat quality traits that influence consumer acceptance. Therefore, investigating regulatory mechanisms that affect the expression of genes functionally related to these phenotypes is of great importance. Allele-specific expression (ASE) analyses are powerful tools for identifying regions under differential regulatory effects between two alleles, as they highlight the presence of cis-regulatory variants impacting transcription on each haplotype. If the allelic expression depends on the parental origin of the allele, genomic imprinting occurs. Epigenetic and cis-regulatory mechanisms can be responsible for these expression patterns, such as the binding of transcription factors (TFs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation when the regulatory SNP is heterozygous. Thus, to analyze the implications of ASE on gene regulation and phenotypic variation in Nelore cattle muscle, this study identified SNPs located in ASE regions (ASE SNPs) across the genome, pointing out those potentially associated with meat quality traits and identifying putative regulatory variants. Furthermore, through analyses of allele-specific methylation (ASM) and association of SNPs with parental origin effects on phenotypes (PO-QTLs, parent-of-origin quantitative trait loci), we suggest potential candidates for genomic imprinting in cattle and their possible impacts on traits of interest. This project identified the largest set of ASE SNPs in bovine muscle to date, comprising 38.177 ASE SNPs, and 24.650 putative cis-regulatory variants (aseQTLs, associated with the ASE and cis-eQTLs, associated to the transcription) able to regulate such expression patterns. The variation in 55 meat quality phenotypes was associated with a total of 1.479 ASE SNPs (referred to as DASE SNPs, differential ASE SNPs) and with 1.817 PO-QTLs. Additionally, 8.074 ASM regions were identified, highlighting new candidate genes for genomic imprinting for future validation. The regulatory mechanisms and biological processes involved in our findings were hypothesized. These results contribute to advancing knowledge about gene regulation in bovine muscle, proposing genomic candidate regions for validation and application in genomic selection programs aimed at improving the meat quality of Nelore cattle.