Hidrologia e regeneração passiva: um estudo de caso na RPPN Floresta as Águas Perenes, Brotas-SP

Abstract

Climate change and the loss of forest biodiversity are two of the biggest challenges faced globally and the protection and forest regeneration of ecologically fragile areas can help to face these problems. However, there are still many challenges to accurately assess forest regeneration. From the hydrological point of view, the Cerrado is where the main Brazilian river basins form and is increasingly suffering from deforestation. This research aimed to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between the morphometry of watersheds and the behavior of natural regeneration through vegetation indices. Data were processed using QGIS 3.22 with GRASS 7.8.2 software. based on data from the IBGE database, the United States Geological Survey and field assessments. The hydrographic basin has an elongated shape, with a compactness coefficient equal to 5.83 (Kc), as well as a shape factor of 0.48 (F) and a circularity index of 0.37 (IC), moving away from the values that represent a circular hydrographic basin, these characteristics indicate a lower concentration of runoff, with lower infiltration capacity. The observed drainage density (Dd) was 2.27 km/km². and 1 of the third order, the average slope found was 8.97%, consistent with the gently undulating relief of the region. The values found for the physical parameters and nutrient concentration are in Class 1 for fresh waters of CONAMA Resolution 365/2005. Analyzing the current situation of the RPPN Águas Perenes, it can be concluded that it is in an advanced stage of regeneration, mainly along the watercourses, with approximately 80% of its area in a medium/advanced stage of regeneration.