Relação entre feições geomorfológicas fluviais e sítios arqueológicos na bacia do médio Tietê - São Paulo

Abstract

The geoarchaeological studies originated from the interaction between Earth Sciences and Archaeology. They allow for a deep and comprehensive understanding of the evolutionary dynamics of landscapes over geological time, particularly highlighting the Quaternary period, associated with the dynamics of Paleo-Indian populations that occupied specific landscape compartments at the time. Within this premise, this work aimed to analyze the fluvial morphological features of the middle Tietê River and the middle Piracicaba River, correlating them with the presence of ancient human settlements constituting archaeological sites, aiming to contribute to the study of the distribution of these populations aged between 12,000 Cal BP and 3,000 Cal BP in the relief compartments in the São Paulo Peripheral Depression. The methods used for the development of the research consisted of mapping geomorphological features, based on the interpretation of satellite imagery (Alos Palsar) and the use of data provided by the project (insert name and number) developed at the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology - University of São Paulo (MAE/USP). The results of the geomorphological mapping revealed that 31 archaeological sites are settled in different landscape compartments and associated with the following geomorphological units, such as: fluvial terraces, sandy ridges, floodplains, valley bottoms, and slopes.

Keywords: Paleo-Indians. Middle Tietê River. Middle Piracicaba River. Relief compartmentalization. São Paulo Peripheral Depression. Archaeological sites in southeastern South America. Brazilian Geoarchaeology.