Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra (PNSIPN): o (des)conhecimento dos(as) profissionais universitários(as) da saúde mental
Abstract
This paper has as theme the (lack of) knowledge regarding the health of black population by
universities professionals of mental health. It researched what knowledge the different
university professionals who integrated multidisciplinary teams in two Psychosocial Attention
Centers (CAPS) had related to the National Policy of Black Population Integrative Health
(PNSIPN), its relation to their qualification processes (both in the undergraduate and
permanent qualification) and professional performance. The considered hypothesis was that
most professionals did not have or had little knowledge regarding PNSIPN since
undergraduate and permanent qualification courses have incorporated neither the content
related to the previously mentioned National Policy nor what is determined by the National
Educational Curriculum Guideline to the Education Related to Ethinic-Racial Relationships
(DCNERER) as well as Afro-Brazilian and African History and Culture. The theoretical
reference is mainly founded in intellectuals who discuss health, mental health, racism and
colonialism, such as Frantz Fanon, Lélia Gonzalez, Deivison Mendes Faustino, Rachel
Gouveia Passos and others. This work includes bibliographic and documental research,
questionnaire application and interviews (authorized by the Research Ethics Committee)
with eight (8) university professionals from different areas of knowledge who work in two
different CAPS managed by the Dr. Cândido Ferreira Health Service in Campinas/SP. It
begins with the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform, the disregard with specificities of the black
population which determine the proposal of a policy to that group, that black people have a
higher percentage of representation in institutions of mental health service, from asylum to the
current CAPS. Although the discussion of social determinants means a greater vulnerability
of the black population, including psychosocial effects of racism, it is found that the
implementation of PNSIPN is still a challenge and there is absence of its discussion in
undergraduate, postgraduate courses and/ or permanent education. Data revealed that most
professionals did not have advanced knowledge regarding the national policy, undergraduate
and postgraduate courses did not provide education on ethinic-racial relationships, health of
the black population and related topics and the professional qualification is determining
whether or not the professional will have an anti-racist performance. The knowledge of social
determinants of health and the health of the black population imply in university
professionals' practice of multidisciplinary teams in mental health which were investigated
and should consider the unique and diverse characteristics of the served population, such as
cultural, ethnic and racial aspects. It was observed the institutional racism is found in practice
and discriminatory behavior in the work routine. Furthermore, it was also observed that the
life experiences of professionals who declare themselves black and face racism imply in their
practice; the permanent qualification can be the fundamental allied in preparation to an
anti-racist practice in the health og black population; also, it is urgent the universities
incorporate the DCNERER and PNSIPN in their undergraduate and postgraduate courses as
well as local governments management and health institutions fulfill their responsibilities
regarding the professional qualification.
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