A educação das crianças menores de 06 anos sobre a perspectiva de Heloísa Marinho, Nazira Féres Abi-Sáber, Celina Airlie Nina e Odilon de Andrade Filho : uma análise de suas ideias pedagógicas (1934-1971)
Resumo
Heloísa Marinho, Celina Airlie Nina, Nazira Féres Abi-Sáber and Odilon de Andrade Filho
have a range of bibliographic production, and research articles regarding the understanding of
the child under 06 years in Brazil. Anchored directly to government agencies of their period, the
authors sought to present their works in pedagogical ideas for the Early Childhood Education.
Faced with this observation, we aimed to understand: The conceptions that concern the School
movement would have been appropriate in Brazilian Early childhood education? How the ideals
of John Dewey were implemented for the education of children under 06 years? So the main
research hypothesis is the incorporation of educational ideas of John Dewey occurred in the
core of the hygienist/assistentialist movement, which could have led to distortions and
theoretical and methodological mistakes in the use of the Dewey school theory. Thus, our
objective is: apprehend and analyze how the educational conceptions of John Dewey were
appropriate to "think" the Brazilian Early Childhood Education from to 1934 to1971. As
methodological procedures we base our analysis on the theoretical and methodological
support of Depaepe (2000; 2005) and Certeau (2008) with regard to the consideration of the
research object in its historical context, but also consider the assumptions highlighted by
Depaepe (2000; 2005 ) on the "black box" of the classroom, "grammar of schooling" and
educacionalization process. Therefore we conducted a literature review about the output for
the children under 06 years, considering the period defined for this research. This survey,
however, was made in the following journals: Revista Educação, Revista Sociedade e
Educação and Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos. Regarding proposals to lower
education than 06 years in Brazil, it was possible to understand the political and pedagogical
demands for this field. In this sense, we sought from the selected material understand the
circularity of the ideas that were present in the context of life and production of the four authors
selected as the object of our study. Heloisa Marinho, Celina Airlie Nina, Nazira Féres Abi-Saber
and Odilon de Andrade Filho highlighted by the direct relationship with government agencies
set up at the time to provide the shelter, protection and educational projects for young children
in Brazil, among which out: the National Department of Children; National Institute of
Pedagogical Studies (INEP); Brazilian-American Assistance Program Elementary Education
(PABAEE) and the Center for Studies and Research Helena Antipoff the Pestalozzi Society of
Brazil. These authors can be considered active and immersed in national and international
debates in the field of Early Childhood Education, with: materials, discussions, guidelines,
analysis and activity descriptions for the children. From the analysis of all this material it was
found that the set of conceptions present in the New Education ideas were appropriated by these
authors, but were used as species of "slogans" that represented the ideas of Dewey, Decroly,
Montessori, Froebel, Pestalozzi and Claparede; these appeared as a discourse of "reform" and
consequently thus "improving" for the Early Childhood Education.